vi常用命令

常用命令

1.删除或剪切当前行
dd
2.张贴
p
3.合并到当前行的下一行
o
4.返回上个编辑处
"
5.转到定义
gd
6.退出
:q
7.保存
:w
8.强制退出
:q！
9.删除全部
:1,$d 
10.到达全文最后
:G
11.显示行号
:set nu
12.使用utf8的编码
:set encoding=utf-8
13.文件编码
:set fenc=utf-8
14.全部替换
:%s/abc/cba/g
15.替换
:s/abc/cba/g
16.编辑一个文件
:e dir/file
17.打开目录
:E dir
18.打开quickfix
:copen
19.列出所有buffer
:buffers
20.buffer切换
Ctrl+Tab或者:bn
21.窗口操作
新建窗口Ctrl+w n
关闭窗口Ctrl+w c
窗口切换Ctrl+w w
22.查找目录

:vimgrep str dir/*.cpp
:vimgrep str dir/*/*.cpp（包括子目录）

23.切换工作目录

:cd workspacedir

可以直接在_vimrc中设置环境变量，例如：

let $workspace1 = "D:/workspace"

let $workspace2 = "E:/workspace"

cd $workspace1 "启动时切换到工作目录

配置文件_vimrc: 

 

set nocompatible
source $VIMRUNTIME/vimrc_example.vim
source $VIMRUNTIME/mswin.vim
behave mswin

set diffexpr=MyDiff()
function MyDiff()
  let opt = '-a --binary '
  if &diffopt =~ 'icase' | let opt = opt . '-i ' | endif
  if &diffopt =~ 'iwhite' | let opt = opt . '-b ' | endif
  let arg1 = v:fname_in
  if arg1 =~ ' ' | let arg1 = '"' . arg1 . '"' | endif
  let arg2 = v:fname_new
  if arg2 =~ ' ' | let arg2 = '"' . arg2 . '"' | endif
  let arg3 = v:fname_out
  if arg3 =~ ' ' | let arg3 = '"' . arg3 . '"' | endif
  let eq = ''
  if $VIMRUNTIME =~ ' '
    if &sh =~ '/<cmd'
      let cmd = '""' . $VIMRUNTIME . '/diff"'
      let eq = '"'
    else
      let cmd = substitute($VIMRUNTIME, ' ', '" ', '') . '/diff"'
    endif
  else
    let cmd = $VIMRUNTIME . '/diff'
  endif
  silent execute '!' . cmd . ' ' . opt . arg1 . ' ' . arg2 . ' > ' . arg3 . eq
endfunction



"===================================================================================================
"                                  基本配置
"===================================================================================================
if(has("win32") || has("win95") || has("win64") || has("win16")) "判定当前操作系统类型
    let g:iswindows=1
else
    let g:iswindows=0
endif
"字体
set guifont=Consolas:h11:cANSI
"配色方案
"colorscheme desert
"显示行号
set nu
"不备份
set nobackup
set nowritebackup
"隐藏工具栏
set guioptions-=T
"隐藏菜单栏
set guioptions-=m
"启动gVIM时最大化
"au GUIEnter * simalt ~x
"搜索时全小写相当于不区分大小写，只要有一个大写字母出现，则区分大小写
set ignorecase smartcase
"自动判断编码方式
"set fileencoding=gb18030
"set fileencodings=ucs-bom,gb18030,utf-8,default
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
" vim在windows下的编码设置
""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
set encoding=utf-8
set fileencodings=utf-8,chinese,latin-1
if has("win32")
set fileencoding=chinese
else
set fileencoding=utf-8
endif
"解决菜单乱码
source $VIMRUNTIME/delmenu.vim
source $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim
"解决consle输出乱码
language messages zh_CN.utf-8

" 突出显示当前行
set cursorline
"Set to auto read when a file is changed from the outside
if exists("&autoread")
    set autoread
endif
"智能补全  
imap <M-/> <C-X><C-O>  

"编译和运行C/C++、Python程序
func CompileRun()  
    exec "w" 
    if &filetype == 'c'
        exec "!gcc -Wl,-enable-auto-import % -g -o %<.exe"
        exec "!%<.exe"
  elseif &filetype == 'cpp'     
        exec "!g++ -Wl,-enable-auto-import % -g -o %<.exe"
        exec "!%<.exe"
    elseif &filetype == 'python' 
        exec "!python %"  
    endif
endfunc
  
  
"定义Debug函数，用来调试程序  
func Debug()  
    exec "w"
    if &filetype == 'c'  
        exec "!gcc % -g -o %<.exe"  
        exec "!gdb %<.exe"  
    elseif &filetype == 'cpp'  
        exec "!g++ % -g -o %<.exe"  
        exec "!gdb %<.exe"  
    endif  
endfunc 

map <F5> :call CompileRun()<CR>
map <F6> :call Debug()<CR>

"===================================================================================================
"                                        插件配置
"===================================================================================================

let Tlist_Show_One_File = 1            "不同时显示多个文件的tag，只显示当前文件的
let Tlist_Exit_OnlyWindow = 1          "如果taglist窗口是最后一个窗口，则退出vim
let Tlist_Use_Right_Window = 1         "在右侧窗口中显示taglist窗口

"winManager 配置
let g:winManagerWindowLayout='FileExplorer'"|TagList'
"按c时打开
nmap c :WMToggle<cr> :Tlist<cr>

"全屏
if has('gui_running') && g:iswindows==1
    map <F11> :call libcallnr("gvimfullscreen.dll", "ToggleFullScreen", 0)<CR>
endif

"cscope配置
nmap <C-@>s :cs find s <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>:copen<CR>
nmap <C-@>g :cs find g <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
nmap <C-@>c :cs find c <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>:copen<CR>
nmap <C-@>t :cs find t <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>:copen<CR>
nmap <C-@>e :cs find e <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>:copen<CR>
nmap <C-@>f :cs find f <C-R>=expand("<cfile>")<CR><CR>:copen<CR>
nmap <C-@>i :cs find i ^<C-R>=expand("<cfile>")<CR>{1}lt;CR>:copen<CR>
nmap <C-@>d :cs find d <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>:copen<CR>
"cscope调用函数
function Do_CsTag()
    let dir = getcwd()
    if filereadable("tags")
        if(g:iswindows==1)
            let tagsdeleted=delete(dir."//"."tags")
        else
            let tagsdeleted=delete("./"."tags")
        endif
        if(tagsdeleted!=0)
            echohl WarningMsg | echo "Fail to do tags! I cannot delete the tags" | echohl None
            return
        endif
    endif
    if has("cscope")
        silent! execute "cs kill -1"
    endif
    if filereadable("cscope.files")
        if(g:iswindows==1)
            let csfilesdeleted=delete(dir."//"."cscope.files")
        else
            let csfilesdeleted=delete("./"."cscope.files")
        endif
        if(csfilesdeleted!=0)
            echohl WarningMsg | echo "Fail to do cscope! I cannot delete the cscope.files" | echohl None
            return
        endif
    endif
    if filereadable("cscope.out")
        if(g:iswindows==1)
            let csoutdeleted=delete(dir."//"."cscope.out")
        else
            let csoutdeleted=delete("./"."cscope.out")
        endif
        if(csoutdeleted!=0)
            echohl WarningMsg | echo "Fail to do cscope! I cannot delete the cscope.out" | echohl None
            return
        endif
    endif
    if(executable('ctags'))
        "silent! execute "!ctags -R --c-types=+p --fields=+S *"
        silent! execute "!ctags -R --c++-kinds=+p --fields=+iaS --extra=+q ."
    endif
    if(executable('cscope') && has("cscope") )
        if(g:iswindows!=1)
            silent! execute "!find . -name '*.h' -o -name '*.c' -o -name '*.cpp' -o -name '*.java' -o -name '*.cs' > cscope.files"
        else
            silent! execute "!dir /s/b *.c,*.cpp,*.h,*.java,*.cs >> cscope.files"
        endif
        silent! execute "!cscope -b"
        execute "normal :"
        if filereadable("cscope.out")
            execute "cs add cscope.out"
        endif
    endif
endfunction
"按F12是打开文件管理和taglist，并自动在当前目录生成cscope的数据库
map <F12> :WMToggle<cr> :call Do_CsTag()<CR>
"F3转到定义
map <F3> :cs find g <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>
"F4查找所有引用
map <F4> :cs find c <C-R>=expand("<cword>")<CR><CR>:copen<CR>

"tags调用函数
function Do_Tag()
    silent! execute "!ctags -R"
endfunction
map <F9> :WMToggle<cr> :call Do_Tag()<CR>


:nmap ,s :source $VIM/_vimrc " 译释：nmap 是绑定一个在normal模式下的快捷键
:nmap ,v :e $VIM/_vimrc
:nmap ,f :update<CR>:silent !start c://progra~1//intern~1//iexplore.exe file://%:p