Oracle中的in和exsits的用法

一、基本概念
in
用来判断某值是否出现在一个特定的集合中。若出现则返回true,否则返回false。

exists
先对where前的主查询进行查询,然后将每一个主查询的结果逐行代入exists查询进行判断。若满足条件则输出当前这一条主查询的结果,否则不输出。


二、实例(以scott用户下的表为例)


-- 财务部或销售部的员工

select * from emp e where e.deptno in 
(select deptno from dept d where d.dname ='ACCOUNTING' or d.dname = 'SALES')

select * from emp e where exists 
(select 1 from dept d where (d.dname ='ACCOUNTING' or d.dname = 'SALES') and d.deptno = e.deptno)


-- 不是财务部或销售部的员工
select * from emp e where e.deptno not in 
(select deptno from dept d where d.dname ='ACCOUNTING' or d.dname = 'SALES')

select * from emp e where not exists 
(select 1 from dept d where (d.dname ='ACCOUNTING' or d.dname = 'SALES') and d.deptno = e.deptno)



三 、exists详解


表A 

ID NAME 
1 A1 
2 A2 
3 A3 


表B 
ID AID NAME 
1 1   B1 
2 2   B2 
3 2   B3 

SELECT * FROM A WHERE EXISTS (SELECT * FROM B WHERE A.ID = B.AID) 

执行结果

1 A1 
2 A2 


SELECT * FROM A WHERENOT EXIST (SELECT * FROM B WHERE A.ID = B.AID) 
执行结果
3 A3


参考地址:http://www.cnblogs.com/highriver/archive/2011/05/30/2063461.html


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