Windows从noinstall zip安装MySQL免安装版

Windows从noinstall zip安装MySQL免安装版

目录 [hide]

• 1 第一步，下载MySQL的免安装版压缩包
• 2 第二步，配置MySQL
• 3 第三步，启动MySQL
• 4 第四步：更改MySQL密码
• 5 安装到Windows service服务开机自动启动
  • 5.1 向Windows添加服务
  • 5.2 启动MySQL服务
  • 5.3 从服务中停止MySQL服务
  • 5.4 删除Windows的MySQL服务

本篇适用于MySQL5.5版本，并已测试通过。对MySQL5.6来说，配置文件不能用。

安装MySQL作为开发的数据库，这是一个小程序员必备的。如果是开发大型的企业级程序，请选择企业级的数据库，比如Oracle、DB2，至于Microsoft的SQLServer就算了吧。

鉴于许多人在安装MySQL的时候出现许多的问题（大多使用MySQL的安装程序安装的），这里就写写MySQL的安装。

对于Windows的MySQL的安装其实很简单。个人推荐使用免安装版的MySQL，这种版本只要下来，解压缩后配置一下就可以使用了。而对那种安装包则就比较麻烦，本篇也不做介绍。因为周围有许多人的MySQL安装使用安装程序，而安装到一半，配置不会弄，MySQL数据库也弄的怪怪的。

第一步，下载MySQL的免安装版压缩包

好了，对于MySQL的免安装程序，我们先要下载一个MySQL的压缩包。下载地址：MySQL官网下载或者腾讯旋风分享下载。

说明：在MySQL下载的时候，会有个让你login或sign up的按钮，不用注册了，看下方有个 No thanks, just start my download.的链接。点击可直接下载，不用登录。

对于解压缩出来的MySQL，有几个配置文件样例，有my-small.ini、my-huge.ini等等，我们只要复制其中的一个，并命名为my.ini。

Small: System has Medium: System has at least 64MB memory
Large: System has at least 512MB memory and the server will run mainly MySQL.
Huge: System has at least 1GB memory and the server will run mainly MySQL.
Heavy: System has at least 4GB memory and the server will run mainly MySQL.

第二步，配置MySQL

将第一步复制的配置文件my.ini打开，我们需要修改一下basedir（MySQL数据库的文件夹）和datadir（MySQL数据库的数据目录）。如下，

# Example MySQL config file for medium systems.
#
# This is for a system with little memory (32M - 64M) where MySQL plays
# an important part, or systems up to 128M where MySQL is used together with
# other programs (such as a web server)
#
# You can copy this file to
# /etc/my.cnf to set global options,
# mysql-data-dir/my.cnf to set server-specific options (in this
# installation this directory is C:\mysql\data) or
# ~/.my.cnf to set user-specific options.
#
# In this file, you can use all long options that a program supports.
# If you want to know which options a program supports, run the program
# with the "--help" option.

# The following options will be passed to all MySQL clients
[client]
#password   = your_password
port         = 3306
socket       = /tmp/mysql.sock

# Here follows entries for some specific programs

# The MySQL server
[mysqld]
port         = 3306
socket       = /tmp/mysql.sock
#skip-locking
key_buffer  = 16M
max_allowed_packet  = 1M
table_cache  = 64
sort_buffer_size  = 512K
net_buffer_length  = 8K
read_buffer_size  = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size  = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size  = 8M
# set basedir to your installation path
basedir =E:/Program Files (x86)1/mysql-5.5.27-winx64
# set datadir to the location of your data directory
datadir =E:/Program Files (x86)1/mysql-5.5.27-winx64/data

# Don't listen on a TCP/IP port at all. This can be a security enhancement,
# if all processes that need to connect to mysqld run on the same host.
# All interaction with mysqld must be made via Unix sockets or named pipes.
# Note that using this option without enabling named pipes on Windows
# (via the "enable-named-pipe" option) will render mysqld useless!
#
#skip-networking

# Disable Federated by default
skip-federated

# Replication Master Server (default)
# binary logging is required for replication
log-bin =mysql-bin

# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1
# defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
# but will not function as a master if omitted
server-id    = 1

# Replication Slave (comment out master section to use this)
#
# To configure this host as a replication slave, you can choose between
# two methods :
#
# 1) Use the CHANGE MASTER TO command (fully described in our manual) -
#    the syntax is:
#
#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST=<host>, MASTER_PORT=<port>,
#    MASTER_USER=<user>, MASTER_PASSWORD=<password> ;
#
#    where you replace <host>, <user>, <password> by quoted strings and
#    <port> by the master's port number (3306 by default).
#
#    Example:
#
#    CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='125.564.12.1', MASTER_PORT=3306,
#    MASTER_USER='joe', MASTER_PASSWORD='secret';
#
# OR
#
# 2) Set the variables below. However, in case you choose this method, then
#    start replication for the first time (even unsuccessfully, for example
#    if you mistyped the password in master-password and the slave fails to
#    connect), the slave will create a master.info file, and any later
#    change in this file to the variables' values below will be ignored and
#    overridden by the content of the master.info file, unless you shutdown
#    the slave server, delete master.info and restart the slaver server.
#    For that reason, you may want to leave the lines below untouched
#    (commented) and instead use CHANGE MASTER TO (see above)
#
# required unique id between 2 and 2^32 - 1
# (and different from the master)
# defaults to 2 if master-host is set
# but will not function as a slave if omitted
#server-id       = 2
#
# The replication master for this slave - required
#master-host     =   <hostname>
#
# The username the slave will use for authentication when connecting
# to the master - required
#master-user     =   <username>
#
# The password the slave will authenticate with when connecting to
# the master - required
#master-password =   <password>
#
# The port the master is listening on.
# optional - defaults to 3306
#master-port     =  <port>
#
# binary logging - not required for slaves, but recommended
#log-bin=mysql-bin

# Point the following paths to different dedicated disks
#tmpdir     = /tmp/
#log-update     = /path-to-dedicated-directory/hostname

# Uncomment the following if you are using BDB tables
#bdb_cache_size = 4M
#bdb_max_lock = 10000

# Uncomment the following if you are using InnoDB tables
#innodb_data_home_dir = C:\mysql\data/
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
#innodb_log_group_home_dir = C:\mysql\data/
#innodb_log_arch_dir = C:\mysql\data/
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
#innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M
#innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
#innodb_log_file_size = 5M
#innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M
#innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
#innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50

[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet  = 16M

[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
# Remove the next comment character if you are not familiar with SQL
#safe-updates

[isamchk]
key_buffer  = 20M
sort_buffer_size  = 20M
read_buffer  = 2M
write_buffer  = 2M

[myisamchk]
key_buffer  = 20M
sort_buffer_size  = 20M
read_buffer  = 2M
write_buffer  = 2M

[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout

将这两处的地址换成自己的MySQL的地址，已经date目录。注意斜线的方向，使用E:/Program Files/mysql-5.5.27-winx64或者E:\\Program Files\\mysql-5.5.27-winx64。仅有这两处需要改动，其他不必改动了，除非特殊需要。

第三步，启动MySQL

要启动MySQL也很简单，打开命令提示符。输入一下两个命令

cd /d E:\Program Files\mysql-5.5.27-winx64\bin\
mysqld --console

会出现一下内容就成功了。

130317 20:11:05 [Note] Plugin 'FEDERATED' is disabled.
130317 20:11:05 InnoDB: The InnoDB memory heap is disabled
130317 20:11:05 InnoDB: Mutexes and rw_locks use Windows interlocked functions
130317 20:11:05 InnoDB: Compressed tables use zlib 1.2.3
130317 20:11:05 InnoDB: Initializing buffer pool, size = 128.0M
130317 20:11:05 InnoDB: Completed initialization of buffer pool
130317 20:11:05 InnoDB: highest supported file format is Barracuda.
130317 20:11:06  InnoDB: Waiting for the background threads to start
130317 20:11:07 InnoDB: 1.1.8 started; log sequence number 14128205
130317 20:11:07 [Note] Server hostname (bind-address): '0.0.0.0'; port: 3306
130317 20:11:07 [Note]   - '0.0.0.0' resolves to '0.0.0.0';
130317 20:11:07 [Note] Server socket created on IP: '0.0.0.0'.
130317 20:11:07 [Note] Event Scheduler: Loaded 0 events
130317 20:11:07 [Note] mysqld: ready for connections.
Version: '5.5.27-log'  socket: ''  port: 3306  MySQL Community Server (GPL)

为了以后的方便，将里面的内容保存到startmysql.bat文件里，以后只要双击bat就可以运行mysql了。

第四步：更改MySQL密码

默认MySQL的root密码为空的，在某些地方，密码不能输入为空，所以需要更改密码。

首先先启动MySQL数据库，可以使用上面的bat启动MySQL。

然后根据下面的命令进行更改

mysql -u root -p  #从命令行中进入mysql的客户端
use mysql;   #使用mysql这个数据库
update user  set password=password( "root" ) where user= "root" ;  #对root密码进行更改
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;  #刷新一下权限

安装到Windows service服务开机自动启动

如果需要将MySQL开机自动运行，并且以服务的形式存在，那么按照本方法进行即可。以服务的形式打开MySQL，就不用再适用上面的批处理文件了。

先停止MySQL Server的运行。以管理员方式运行命令提示符

向WINDOWS添加服务

E:\Program Files\mysql-5.5.27-winx64\bin>mysqld --install MySQL5.5
Service successfully installed.

使用mysqld 并使用参数--install MySQL5.5，说明向服务注册一个叫MySQL5.5的服务名，如果不加服务名，则使用默认的MySQL作为服务名。

注意：使用 --install 参数添加的服务为开机自动启动的。如果想要使用手工启动，那么使用参数 --install-manual代替。命令 mysqld --install-manual添加服务，需要手工启动服务。

启动MYSQL服务

第二步只是向Windows服务添加了一个MySQL5.5的服务，但是并没有启动。可以到Windows服务里启动，或者使用命令行(需要管理员权限)

C:\> net start MySQL5.5
MySQL5.5 服务正在启动 .
MySQL5.5 服务已经启动成功。

从服务中停止MYSQL服务

C:\> net stop MySQL5.5
MySQL5.5 服务正在停止.
MySQL5.5 服务已成功停止。

删除WINDOWS的MYSQL服务

E:\Program Files\mysql-5.5.27-winx64\bin>mysqld --remove MySQL5.5
Service successfully removed.

原地址 http://www.chenyudong.com/archives/installing-mysql-on-microsoft-windows-using-a-noinstall-zip-archive.html