leetcode笔记:Best Time to Buy and Sell Stock III

一. 题目描述

Say you have an array for which the i-th element is the price of a given stock on day i.

Design an algorithm to find the maximum profit. You may complete at most two transactions.

Note: You may not engage in multiple transactions at the same time (ie, you must sell the stock before you buy again).

二. 题目分析

和前两道题相比,这道题限制了股票的交易次数,最多只能交易两次。

可使用动态规划来完成,首先是进行第一步扫描,先计算出序列[0, …, i]中的最大利润profit,用一个数组f1保存下来,这一步时间复杂度为O(n)

第二步是逆向扫描,计算子序列[i, …, n - 1]中的最大利润profit,同样用一个数组f2保存下来,这一步的时间复杂度也是O(n)

最后一步,对于,对f1 + f2,找出最大值即可。

三. 示例代码

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>

using namespace std;

class Solution {
public:
    int maxProfit(vector<int> &prices) 
    {
        int size = prices.size();
        if (size <= 1) return 0;

        vector<int> f1(size);
        vector<int> f2(size);

        int minV = prices[0];
        for (int i = 1; i < size; ++i)
        {
            minV = std::min(minV, prices[i]);
            f1[i] = std::max(f1[i - 1], prices[i] - minV);
        }

        int maxV = prices[size - 1];
        f2[size - 1] = 0;
        for (int i = size-2; i >= 0; --i)
        {
            maxV = std::max(maxV, prices[i]);
            f2[i] = std::max(f2[i + 1], maxV - prices[i]);
        }

        int sum = 0;
        for (int i = 0; i < size; ++i)
            sum = std::max(sum, f1[i] + f2[i]);

        return sum;
    }
};

四. 小结

相比前两题,该题难度稍大,与该题相关的题目有好几道。后续更新…

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