读取excel文件的三种方法
VS2010 读取excel文件的三种方法
方法一：NPOI
NPOI参考
优点：
NPOI 是 POI 项目的 .NET 版本。POI是一个开源的Java读写Excel、WORD等微软OLE2组件文档的项目。
使用 NPOI 你就可以在没有安装 Office 或者相应环境的机器上对 WORD/EXCEL 文档进行读写。
操作步骤：
一、下载NPOI：http://down.gougou.com/down?cid=DAEA322D9D7F934B898077FB01C3A8CB02A746E6
二、项目添加引用；
三、首先把如下代码封装成一个ExcelHelper类；
四、调用方法。
代码：（经测试）
/// <summary>
/// 由Excel导入DataSet，如果有多个工作表，则导入多个DataTable
/// </summary>
/// <param name="excelFileStream">Excel文件流</param>
/// <param name="headerRowIndex">Excel表头行索引</param>
/// <returns>DataSet</returns>
public static DataSet ImportDataSetFromExcel(Stream excelFileStream, string sheetName, int headerRowIndex)
{
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
HSSFWorkbook workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(excelFileStream);
string sheetname = null;
HSSFSheet sheet = null;
try
{
sheetname = sheetName.Substring(0, sheetName.Length - 1);
sheet = workbook.GetSheet(sheetname);//"BlankSubtraction1"
if (sheet != null)
{
DataTable table = new DataTable();
HSSFRow headerRow = sheet.GetRow(headerRowIndex);
int cellCount = headerRow.LastCellNum;
for (int i = headerRow.FirstCellNum; i < 20; i++)
{
//string tst1 = headerRow.GetCell(1).ToString();
//string tst2 = headerRow.GetCell(1).StringCellValue.Trim();
if (headerRow.GetCell(i) != null)
{
//// 如果遇到第一个空列，则不再继续向后读取
//cellCount = i + 1;
//break;
DataColumn column = new DataColumn(i.ToString());
table.Columns.Add(column);
}
//DataColumn column = new DataColumn(i.ToString());//headerRow.GetCell(i).StringCellValue
//table.Columns.Add(column);
}
for (int i = (sheet.FirstRowNum + 1); i <= sheet.LastRowNum; i++)
{
HSSFRow row = sheet.GetRow(i);
if (row != null)
{
DataRow dataRow = table.NewRow();
cellCount = row.Cells.Count;
for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < 15; j++)
{
if (row.GetCell(j) != null)//row.GetCell(j) != null
{
string tst = row.GetCell(j).ToString();
dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString();
}
}
table.Rows.Add(dataRow);
}
}
ds.Tables.Add(table);
}
}
catch
{
}
excelFileStream.Close();
workbook = null;
return ds;
}
/// <summary>
/// 由Excel导入DataSet，如果有多个工作表，则导入多个DataTable
/// </summary> /// <param name="excelFilePath">Excel文件路径，为物理路径。</param>
/// <param name="headerRowIndex">Excel表头行索引</param>
/// <returns>DataSet</returns>
public DataSet ImportDataSetFromExcel(string excelFilePath, string sheetName, int headerRowIndex)
{
using (FileStream stream = System.IO.File.OpenRead(excelFilePath))
{
long tt = stream.Length;
//while (stream.Length() != null)
int ss = stream.ReadByte();
return ImportDataSetFromExcel(stream, sheetName, headerRowIndex);
}
}
方法二：使用COM组件。
缺点：
只能在安装excel 2003时才可以。
优点：（特殊情况下使用）
使用于excel打开后需要点击“保存”才能用程序读取的情况。
操作步骤：
首先，在引用的COM中找到Microsoft Excel 11.0 Object Library，添加。
代码：（经测试）
public DataSet CSV_Getds(string filePath)
{
//创建Application对象
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application xApp = new Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Application();
xApp.Visible = false;//
//得到WorkBook对象, 可以用两种方式之一: 下面的是打开已有的文件
//Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook xBook = xApp.Workbooks._Open(@"C:\Watson Data Interface\Raw Data\Thermo multiscan\吸光度值原始数据（450-630-blank）.xls",
//Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value
//, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value
//, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Workbook xBook = xApp.Workbooks._Open(filePath,
Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value
, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value
, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);
//xBook=xApp.Workbooks.Add(Missing.Value);//新建文件的代码
//指定要操作的Sheet，两种方式：
Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet xSheet = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Worksheet)xBook.Sheets[1];
//Worksheet ws = (Worksheet)xBook.Worksheets[1];
//Excel.Worksheet xSheet=(Excel.Worksheet)xApp.ActiveSheet;
//读取数据，通过Range对象
//Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range rng1 = xSheet.get_Range("A1", Type.Missing);
//读取，通过Range对象，但使用不同的接口得到Range
//Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range rng2 = (Microsoft.Office.Interop.Excel.Range)xSheet.Cells[3, 1];
//保存方式三
xBook.Save();
xBook.Close();
xSheet = null;
xBook = null;
xApp.Quit(); //这一句是非常重要的，否则Excel对象不能从内存中退出
xApp = null;
//保存方式二：保存WorkSheet
//xSheet.SaveAs(@"C:\Watson Data Interface\Raw Data\Thermo multiscan\吸光度值原始数据（450-630-blank）.xls",
// Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value,
// Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value, Missing.Value);
try
{
string[] name = GetTablesFromOleDb(filePath);
string a = string.Empty;
for (int i = 0; i < name.Length; i++)
{
if (name[i].Replace("'", "") == "BlankSubtraction1$")//BlankSubtraction1
{
a = name[i].Replace("'", "");
}
}
if (a == string.Empty)//不存在BlankSubtraction1时取Photometric1
{
for (int i = 0; i < name.Length; i++)
{
if (name[i].Replace("'", "") == "Photometric1$")
{
a = name[i].Replace("'", "");
}
}
}
string OLEDBConnStr = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OleDb.4.0;" + "data source=" + filePath + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0; HDR=YES; IMEX=1'";
OleDbDataAdapter oda = new OleDbDataAdapter("select * from [" + a + "]", OLEDBConnStr);
DataSet sourceDataTable = new DataSet();
oda.Fill(sourceDataTable);
oda.Dispose();
GC.Collect();
return sourceDataTable;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
return null;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 提供excel驱动和连接
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static string[] GetTablesFromOleDb(string path)
{
string[] result = null;
string connStr = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;" +
"Extended Properties=\"Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=1\";" + // 指定扩展属性为 Microsoft Excel 8.0 (97) 9.0 (2000) 10.0 (2002)，并且第一行作为数据返回，且以文本方式读取
"data source=" + path;
OleDbConnection conn = null;
System.Data.DataTable tblSchema = null;
// 初始化连接，并打开
conn = new OleDbConnection(connStr);
try
{
conn.Open();
tblSchema = conn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, new object[] { null, null, null, "TABLE" });
result = new string[tblSchema.Rows.Count];
for (int i = 0; i < tblSchema.Rows.Count; i++)
{
result[i] = tblSchema.Rows[i][2].ToString();
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return null;
}
finally
{
// 关闭连接e
conn.Close();
conn.Dispose();
}
return result;
}
方法三：使用office 驱动。
优点：
此方法最简单，也最普遍。
代码：（经测试）
public DataSet CSV_Getds(string filePath)
{
try
{
string[] name = GetTablesFromOleDb(filePath);
string a = string.Empty;
for (int i = 0; i < name.Length; i++)
{
if (name[i].Replace("'", "") == "BlankSubtraction1$")//BlankSubtraction1
{
a = name[i].Replace("'", "");
}
}
if (a == string.Empty)//不存在BlankSubtraction1时取Photometric1
{
for (int i = 0; i < name.Length; i++)
{
if (name[i].Replace("'", "") == "Photometric1$")
{
a = name[i].Replace("'", "");
}
}
}
string OLEDBConnStr = "Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OleDb.4.0;" + "data source=" + filePath + ";Extended Properties='Excel 8.0; HDR=YES; IMEX=1'";
OleDbDataAdapter oda = new OleDbDataAdapter("select * from [" + a + "]", OLEDBConnStr);
DataSet sourceDataTable = new DataSet();
oda.Fill(sourceDataTable);
oda.Dispose();
GC.Collect();
return sourceDataTable;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(ex.Message);
return null;
}
}