最近一直使用QGraphicsView框架在我的一个实际项目中,官方文档好多都没说清楚啊,有木有?!文档都翻光了,却还是有好多没明白。
一个令我恼火的bug就是,明明log打出来的每个Item的坐标都是预期的,但为什么最后结果不对呢?
我在视图中添加了一个直线项(QPoint(0,0),QPoint(100,100));
结果却是:
有的同行看到可能会一下指出,我没有设置QGraphicsScene的SceneRect,所以所有的元素默认显示。
是的,上面这个例子的确如此,但是即使我们设置了呢,结果却是这样:
直线项确实不居中了,但是端点也没有在左上角啊!下面,我们就来深入结合例子弄清楚这一些问题。
先上demo代码,很简单,
mainwindow.h
<code class="language-c++ hljs cpp has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#ifndef MAINWINDOW_H</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#define MAINWINDOW_H</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <QMainWindow></span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <QGraphicsView></span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include<QGraphicsScene></span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include<QDebug></span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">namespace</span> Ui { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> MainWindow; } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">class</span> MainWindow : <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span> QMainWindow { Q_OBJECT <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">public</span>: <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">explicit</span> MainWindow(QWidget *parent = <span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>); ~MainWindow(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> showView();<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//显示graphicsView的函数</span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">private</span>: QGraphicsScene *graphicsScene;<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//scene声明</span> QGraphicsView *graphicsView;<span class="hljs-comment" style="color: rgb(136, 0, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">//view声明</span> Ui::MainWindow *ui; }; <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#endif <span class="hljs-comment" style="box-sizing: border-box;">// MAINWINDOW_H</span></span></code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li></ul>
mainwindow.cpp
<code class="language-c++ hljs vala has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include "mainwindow.h"</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include "ui_mainwindow.h"</span> MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) : QMainWindow(parent), ui(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Ui::MainWindow) { ui->setupUi(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>); graphicsScene = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> QGraphicsScene(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>); graphicsView = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> QGraphicsView(graphicsScene,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>); QSize window =<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>->size(); graphicsView->setFixedSize(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>->width(),<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>->height()); graphicsScene->addLine(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> MainWindow::showView() { graphicsView->show(); } MainWindow::~MainWindow() { delete ui; }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li></ul>
main.cpp
<code class="language-c++ hljs vala has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include "mainwindow.h"</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include <QApplication></span> <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> main(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">int</span> argc, <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">char</span> *argv[]) { QApplication a(argc, argv); qDebug() <<<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"line location:"</span><<<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"\n"</span>; qDebug()<<<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"startPoint:"</span> <<QPoint(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>); qDebug()<<<span class="hljs-string" style="color: rgb(0, 136, 0); box-sizing: border-box;">"endPoint:"</span> <<QPoint(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>); MainWindow w; w.show(); w.showView(); <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">return</span> a.exec(); }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li></ul>
这份代码确实是QGraphicsScene和QGraphicsView的基本代码,并没有设置QGraphicsScene的sceneRect,所以结果也是大家可以预测的那样居中显示:
但是!很多时候框架中自认为很令人方便的设计一点都不利于我们开发,我们开发人员习惯的坐标系统是左上角为(0,0)的坐标系统!
于是,官方给出了解决方案:使用void setSceneRect(const QRectF & rect)控制sceneRect区域,这很人迷惑,就在我们这个例子中,我们想让scene左上角坐标是(0,0),是不是说只需要scene->setSceneRect(QRectF(0,0,W,H)就可以了呢?很遗憾的是,实验结果告诉我们不是:
我们在上面的mainwindow.cpp里面设置scenRect为(0,0,150,150)试试看!:
mainwindow.cpp
<code class="language-c++ hljs vala has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include "mainwindow.h"</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include "ui_mainwindow.h"</span> MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) : QMainWindow(parent), ui(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Ui::MainWindow) { ui->setupUi(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>); graphicsScene = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> QGraphicsScene(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>); graphicsView = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> QGraphicsView(graphicsScene,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>); QSize window =<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>->size(); graphicsView->setFixedSize(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>->width(),<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>->height()); graphicsScene->setSceneRect(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">150</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">150</span>); graphicsScene->addLine(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> MainWindow::showView() { graphicsView->show(); } MainWindow::~MainWindow() { delete ui; }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li></ul>
结果是:
结果不是预期!
其实,正确的解决方案是setSceneRect(0,0,W,H);而且需要
看再次修改后的代码:
mainwindow.cpp
<code class="language-c++ hljs cpp has-numbering" style="display: block; padding: 0px; color: inherit; box-sizing: border-box; font-family: 'Source Code Pro', monospace;font-size:undefined; white-space: pre; border-radius: 0px; word-wrap: normal; background: transparent;"><span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include "mainwindow.h"</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include "ui_mainwindow.h"</span> <span class="hljs-preprocessor" style="color: rgb(68, 68, 68); box-sizing: border-box;">#include<QWidget></span> MainWindow::MainWindow(QWidget *parent) : QMainWindow(parent), ui(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> Ui::MainWindow) { ui->setupUi(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>); graphicsScene = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> QGraphicsScene(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>); graphicsView = <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">new</span> QGraphicsView(graphicsScene,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>); QSize windowsize =<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>->size(); graphicsView->setFixedSize(<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>->width(),<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">this</span>->height()); graphicsScene->setSceneRect(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span> ,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static_cast</span><QWidget *>(graphicsScene->parent())->size().width() ,<span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">static_cast</span><QWidget *>(graphicsScene->parent())->size().height()); graphicsScene->addLine(<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">0</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>,<span class="hljs-number" style="color: rgb(0, 102, 102); box-sizing: border-box;">100</span>); } <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">void</span> MainWindow::showView() { graphicsView->show(); } MainWindow::~MainWindow() { <span class="hljs-keyword" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 136); box-sizing: border-box;">delete</span> ui; }</code><ul class="pre-numbering" style="box-sizing: border-box; position: absolute; width: 50px; top: 0px; left: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 6px 0px 40px; border-right-width: 1px; border-right-style: solid; border-right-color: rgb(221, 221, 221); list-style: none; text-align: right; background-color: rgb(238, 238, 238);"><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">1</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">2</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">3</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">4</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">5</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">6</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">7</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">8</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">9</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">10</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">11</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">12</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">13</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">14</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">15</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">16</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">17</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">18</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">19</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">20</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">21</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">22</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">23</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">24</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">25</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">26</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">27</li><li style="box-sizing: border-box; padding: 0px 5px;">28</li></ul>
运行结果:
FROM: http://blog.csdn.net/tianyuan521521/article/details/46290525