Android:WebService

Android:WebService使用实例

分类： Android 2013-09-23 14:48  6156人阅读  评论(14)  收藏  举报

最近刚刚开始学习使用WebService的方法进行服务器端数据交互，发现网上的资料不是很全，

目前就结合收集到的一些资料做了一个小例子和大家分享一下~

我们在PC机器java客户端中，需要一些库，比如XFire,Axis2,CXF等等来支持访问WebService，但是这些库并不适合我们资源有限的android手机客户端，做过JAVA ME的人都知道有KSOAP这个第三方的类库，可以帮助我们获取服务器端webService调用，当然KSOAP已经提供了基于android版本的jar包了，那么我们就开始吧：

首先下载KSOAP包：ksoap2-android-assembly-2.5.2-jar-with-dependencies.jar包      下载地址

然后新建android项目：并把下载的KSOAP包放在android项目的lib目录下：右键->build path->configure build path--选择Libraries，如图：

 

同时，只添加jar包肯能是不够的，需要添加class folder，即可以再工程的libs文件夹中加入下载的KSOAP包，如图：

  

 

环境配好之后可以用下面七个步骤来调用WebService方法：

第一：实例化SoapObject对象，指定webService的命名空间（从相关WSDL文档中可以查看命名空间），以及调用方法名称。如：

//命名空间
privatestatic final String serviceNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
//调用方法(获得支持的城市)
privatestatic final String getSupportCity="getSupportCity";

//实例化SoapObject对象
SoapObject request=new SoapObject(serviceNameSpace, getSupportCity);

第二步：假设方法有参数的话,设置调用方法参数：

request.addProperty("参数名称","参数值");

第三步：设置SOAP请求信息(参数部分为SOAP协议版本号，与你要调用的webService中版本号一致)：

//获得序列化的Envelope
SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope=new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
envelope.bodyOut=request;

第四步：注册Envelope：

(new MarshalBase64()).register(envelope);

第五步：构建传输对象，并指明WSDL文档URL：

//请求URL
privatestatic final String serviceURL="http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx";
//Android传输对象
AndroidHttpTransport transport=new AndroidHttpTransport(serviceURL);
transport.debug=true;

第六步：调用WebService(其中参数为1：命名空间+方法名称，2：Envelope对象)：

transport.call(serviceNameSpace+getWeatherbyCityName, envelope);

第七步：解析返回数据：

if(envelope.getResponse()!=null){
                return parse(envelope.bodyIn.toString());
            }

这里有个地址提供webService天气预报的服务网站，在浏览器中输入网站：http://www.webxml.com.cn/webservices/weatherwebservice.asmx可以看到该网站提供的

调用方法，点进去之后可以看到调用时需要输入的参数，当然有的不需要参数，例如：getSupportProvince ，而getSupportCity需要输入查找的省份名，getWeatherbyCityName 需要输入查找的城市名。接下来我们就利用这三个接口获得数据，并做出显示：

获得本天气预报Web Service支持的洲，国内外省份和城市信息：

 public class MainActivity extends Activity {
     // WSDL文档中的命名空间
     private static final String targetNameSpace = "http://WebXml.com.cn/";
     // WSDL文档中的URL
     private static final String WSDL = "http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";

     // 需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的洲、国内外省份和城市信息)
     private static final String getSupportProvince = "getSupportProvince";
     private List<Map<String,String>> listItems;
     private ListView mListView;

     @Override
     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
         listItems = new ArrayList<Map<String,String>>();
         mListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.province_list);
         new NetAsyncTask().execute();
         mListView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {

             @Override
             public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
                     int position, long id) {
                 String mProvinceName = listItems.get(position).get("province");
                 Log.d("ProvinceName", mProvinceName);
                 Intent intent = new Intent();
                 intent.putExtra("Pname", mProvinceName);
                 intent.setClass(MainActivity.this, CityActivity.class);
                 startActivity(intent);
             }

         });
     }

     class NetAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Object, Object, String> {

         @Override
         protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
             if (result.equals("success")) {
                 //列表适配器
                 SimpleAdapter simpleAdapter = new SimpleAdapter(MainActivity.this, listItems, R.layout.province_item,
                         new String[] {"province"}, new int[]{R.id.province});
                 mListView.setAdapter(simpleAdapter);
             }
             super.onPostExecute(result);
         }

         @Override
         protected String doInBackground(Object... params) {
             // 根据命名空间和方法得到SoapObject对象
             SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,
                     getSupportProvince);
             // 通过SOAP1.1协议得到envelop对象
             SoapSerializationEnvelope envelop = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(
                     SoapEnvelope.VER11);
             // 将soapObject对象设置为envelop对象，传出消息

             envelop.dotNet = true;
             envelop.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);
             // 或者envelop.bodyOut = soapObject;
             HttpTransportSE httpSE = new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);
             // 开始调用远程方法
             try {
                 httpSE.call(targetNameSpace + getSupportProvince, envelop);
                 // 得到远程方法返回的SOAP对象
                 SoapObject resultObj = (SoapObject) envelop.getResponse();
                 // 得到服务器传回的数据
                 int count = resultObj.getPropertyCount();
                 for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                     Map<String,String> listItem = new HashMap<String, String>();
                     listItem.put("province", resultObj.getProperty(i).toString());
                     listItems.add(listItem);
                 }
             } catch (IOException e) {
                 e.printStackTrace();
                 return "IOException";
             } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
                 e.printStackTrace();
                 return "XmlPullParserException";
             }
             return "success";
         }
     }
 }

显示省份列表的activity_main.xml文件：

 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:layout_width="fill_parent"
     android:layout_height="match_parent" >

     <ListView
         android:id="@+id/province_list"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="fill_parent"/>

 </LinearLayout>

列表中选项显示的province_item.xml文件：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:layout_width="match_parent"
     android:layout_height="match_parent"
     android:orientation="vertical" >

     <TextView
         android:id="@+id/province"
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="match_parent"
         android:textSize="20sp"/>

 </LinearLayout>

效果图，如图：

 

查询本天气预报Web Services支持的国内外城市或地区信息：

 public class CityActivity extends Activity {
     // WSDL文档中的命名空间
     private static final String targetNameSpace = "http://WebXml.com.cn/";
     // WSDL文档中的URL
     private static final String WSDL = "http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";

     // 需要调用的方法名(获得本天气预报Web Services支持的城市信息,根据省份查询城市集合：带参数)
     private static final String getSupportCity = "getSupportCity";
     private List<Map<String,String>> listItems;
     private ListView mListView;

     @Override
     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
         listItems = new ArrayList<Map<String,String>>();
         mListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.province_list);
         new NetAsyncTask().execute();
         //列表单击事件监听
         mListView.setOnItemClickListener(new AdapterView.OnItemClickListener() {

             @Override
             public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view,
                     int position, long id) {
                 String mCityName = listItems.get(position).get("city");
                 String cityName = getCityName(mCityName);
                 Log.d("CityName", cityName);
                 Intent intent = new Intent();
                 //存储选择的城市名
                 intent.putExtra("Cname", cityName);
                 intent.setClass(CityActivity.this, WeatherActivity.class);
                 startActivity(intent);
             }

         });
     }
     /**
      * 拆分“城市 （代码）”字符串，将“城市”字符串分离
      * @param name
      * @return
      */
     public String getCityName(String name) {
         String city = "";
         int position = name.indexOf(' ');
         city = name.substring(0, position);
         return city;
     }

     class NetAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Object, Object, String> {

         @Override
         protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
             if (result.equals("success")) {
                 //列表适配器
                 SimpleAdapter simpleAdapter = new SimpleAdapter(CityActivity.this, listItems, R.layout.province_item,
                         new String[] {"city"}, new int[]{R.id.province});
                 mListView.setAdapter(simpleAdapter);
             }
             super.onPostExecute(result);
         }

         @Override
         protected String doInBackground(Object... params) {
             // 根据命名空间和方法得到SoapObject对象
             SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getSupportCity);
             //参数输入
             String name = getIntent().getExtras().getString("Pname");
             soapObject.addProperty("byProvinceName", name);
             // 通过SOAP1.1协议得到envelop对象
             SoapSerializationEnvelope envelop = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(
                     SoapEnvelope.VER11);
             // 将soapObject对象设置为envelop对象，传出消息
             envelop.dotNet = true;
             envelop.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);
             HttpTransportSE httpSE = new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);
             // 开始调用远程方法
             try {
                 httpSE.call(targetNameSpace + getSupportCity, envelop);
                 // 得到远程方法返回的SOAP对象
                 SoapObject resultObj = (SoapObject) envelop.getResponse();
                 // 得到服务器传回的数据
                 int count = resultObj.getPropertyCount();
                 for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                     Map<String,String> listItem = new HashMap<String, String>();
                     listItem.put("city", resultObj.getProperty(i).toString());
                     listItems.add(listItem);
                 }
             } catch (IOException e) {
                 e.printStackTrace();
                 return "IOException";
             } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
                 e.printStackTrace();
                 return "XmlPullParserException";
             }
             return "success";
         }
     }
 }

用于列表显示的xml重复使用，这里就不再重复写一次了，效果图，如图：

最后，根据选择的城市或地区名称获得天气情况：

 public class WeatherActivity extends Activity {
     //WSDL文档中的命名空间
     private static final String targetNameSpace="http://WebXml.com.cn/";
     //WSDL文档中的URL
     private static final String WSDL="http://webservice.webxml.com.cn/WebServices/WeatherWebService.asmx?wsdl";
     //根据城市或地区名称查询获得未来三天内天气情况、现在的天气实况、天气和生活指数
     private static final String getWeatherbyCityName="getWeatherbyCityName";
     WeatherBean mWBean;
     private ImageView mImageView;
     private EditText mCityName;
     private EditText mTemp;
     private EditText mWeather;
     private TextView mToday;
     private TextView mDetail;
     private int Image[];

     @Override
     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
         setContentView(R.layout.weather);
         Image = new int[]{R.drawable.image0,R.drawable.image1,R.drawable.image2,
                 R.drawable.image3,R.drawable.image4,R.drawable.image5,
                 R.drawable.image6,R.drawable.image7,R.drawable.image8,
                 R.drawable.image9,R.drawable.image10,R.drawable.image11,
                 R.drawable.image12,R.drawable.image13,R.drawable.image14,
                 R.drawable.image15,R.drawable.image16,R.drawable.image17,
                 R.drawable.image18,R.drawable.image19,R.drawable.image20,
                 R.drawable.image21,R.drawable.image22,R.drawable.image23,
                 R.drawable.image24,R.drawable.image25,R.drawable.image26,
                 R.drawable.image27};
         mWBean = new WeatherBean();
         mImageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.picture);
         mCityName = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.city_name);
         mTemp = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.temp);
         mWeather = (EditText) findViewById(R.id.weather);
         mToday = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.today_weather);
         mDetail = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.city_detail);
         new NetAsyncTask().execute();

     }

     class NetAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<Object, Object, String> {

         @Override
         protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
             String image = mWBean.getWeatherPicture();
             int position = getImageId(image);
             Log.d("image", Image[position]+"");
             mImageView.setImageResource(Image[position]);
             mCityName.setText(mWBean.getCityName());
             mTemp.setText(mWBean.getTemp());
             mWeather.setText(mWBean.getWeather());
             mToday.setText(mWBean.getLiveWeather());
             mDetail.setText(mWBean.getCityDetail());
             super.onPostExecute(result);
         }

         public int getImageId(String picture) {
             int id = 0;
             int tempId = picture.indexOf('.');
             String sub = picture.substring(0, tempId);
             id = Integer.parseInt(sub);
             return id;
         }

         @Override
         protected String doInBackground(Object... params) {
             // 根据命名空间和方法得到SoapObject对象
             SoapObject soapObject = new SoapObject(targetNameSpace,getWeatherbyCityName);
             String city = getIntent().getExtras().getString("Cname");
             soapObject.addProperty("theCityName",city);//调用的方法参数与参数值（根据具体需要可选可不选）
             // 通过SOAP1.1协议得到envelop对象
             SoapSerializationEnvelope envelop = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11);
             // 将soapObject对象设置为envelop对象，传出消息

             envelop.dotNet = true;
             envelop.setOutputSoapObject(soapObject);
             // 或者envelop.bodyOut = soapObject;
             HttpTransportSE httpSE = new HttpTransportSE(WSDL);
             // 开始调用远程方法
             try {
                 httpSE.call(targetNameSpace + getWeatherbyCityName, envelop);
                 // 得到远程方法返回的SOAP对象
                 SoapObject resultObj = (SoapObject) envelop.getResponse();
                 // 得到服务器传回的数据
                 mWBean.setCityName(resultObj.getProperty(1).toString());
                 mWBean.setTemp(resultObj.getProperty(5).toString());
                 mWBean.setWeather(resultObj.getProperty(6).toString());
                 mWBean.setWeatherPicture(resultObj.getProperty(8).toString());
                 mWBean.setLiveWeather(resultObj.getProperty(10).toString());
                 mWBean.setCityDetail(resultObj.getProperty(22).toString());

             } catch (IOException e) {
                 e.printStackTrace();
                 return "IOException";
             } catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
                 e.printStackTrace();
                 return "XmlPullParserException";
             }
             return "success";
         }
     }
 }

这里没有显示全部的信息，提供了一个存储部分天气信息的类：

 public class WeatherBean {
     private String CityName;
     private String Temp;
     private String Weather;
     private String WeatherPicture;
     private String LiveWeather;
     private String CityDetail;
     public String getCityName() {
         return CityName;
     }
     public void setCityName(String cityName) {
         CityName = cityName;
     }
     public String getLiveWeather() {
         return LiveWeather;
     }
     public void setLiveWeather(String liveWeather) {
         LiveWeather = liveWeather;
     }

     public String getTemp() {
         return Temp;
     }
     public void setTemp(String temp) {
         Temp = temp;
     }
     public String getWeather() {
         return Weather;
     }
     public void setWeather(String weather) {
         Weather = weather;
     }
     public String getWeatherPicture() {
         return WeatherPicture;
     }
     public void setWeatherPicture(String weatherPicture) {
         WeatherPicture = weatherPicture;
     }
     public String getCityDetail() {
         return CityDetail;
     }
     public void setCityDetail(String cityDetail) {
         CityDetail = cityDetail;
     }
 }

 

显示天气状况的weather.xml文件：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <ScrollView xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     android:layout_width="match_parent"
     android:layout_height="match_parent"
     android:orientation="vertical" >

     <LinearLayout
         android:layout_width="fill_parent"
         android:layout_height="wrap_content"
         android:orientation="vertical" >

         <TableLayout
             android:layout_width="fill_parent"
             android:layout_height="wrap_content" >

             <TableRow>

                 <TextView
                     android:layout_width="fill_parent"
                     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                     android:text="天气实况："
                     android:textSize="16sp" />

                 <ImageView
                     android:id="@+id/picture"
                     android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                     android:layout_height="wrap_content" />
             </TableRow>

             <TableRow>

                 <TextView
                     android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                     android:layout_weight="1"
                     android:text="城市:"
                     android:textSize="16sp" />

                 <EditText
                     android:id="@+id/city_name"
                     android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                     android:layout_weight="2"
                     android:hint="城市名称"
                     android:editable="false" />
             </TableRow>

             <TableRow>

                 <TextView
                     android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                     android:layout_weight="1"
                     android:text="温度:"
                     android:textSize="16sp" />

                 <EditText
                     android:id="@+id/temp"
                     android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                     android:layout_weight="2"
                     android:hint="今日气温"
                     android:editable="false" />
             </TableRow>

             <TableRow>

                 <TextView
                     android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                     android:layout_weight="1"
                     android:text="天气:"
                     android:textSize="16sp" />

                 <EditText
                     android:id="@+id/weather"
                     android:layout_width="wrap_content"
                     android:layout_height="wrap_content"
                     android:layout_weight="2"
                     android:hint="今日天气"
                     android:editable="false" />
             </TableRow>

         </TableLayout>

         <TextView
             android:id="@+id/today_weather"
             android:layout_width="fill_parent"
             android:layout_height="wrap_content"
             android:textSize="16sp" />

         <TextView
             android:layout_width="fill_parent"
             android:layout_height="wrap_content"
             android:text="城市简介："
             android:textSize="16sp" />

         <TextView
             android:id="@+id/city_detail"
             android:layout_width="fill_parent"
             android:layout_height="wrap_content"
             android:textSize="16sp" />
     </LinearLayout>

 </ScrollView>

效果图如图：

这里许多功能做得不是很完善，大家可以根据自己的需要进行设计~