http://www.williamhua.com/2009/04/23/android-touchscreen-gesture-recogniton/
http://goro.iteye.com/blog/402163
Android Touch Screen 与传统Click Touch Screen不同,会有一些手势(Gesture),例如Fling,Scroll等等。这些Gesture会使用户体验大大提升。Android中的Gesture识别(detector)是通过GestureDetector.OnGestureListener接口实现的。
首先,Android事件处理机制是基于Listener实现的,比如触摸屏相关的事件,就是通过onTouchListener实现;
其次,所有View的子类都可以通过setOnTouchListener()、setOnKeyListener()等方法来添加对某一类事件的Listener;
第三,Listener一般会以Interface的方式来提供,其中包含一个或多个abstract方法,我们需要实现这些方法来完成onTouch()、onKey()等操作。这样,程序便可以在特定的事件被dispatch到该view的时候,通过callback函数给予适当的响应。
1. Touch Screen Click举例
Java代码
1.public class MyGesture extends Activity implements OnTouchListener {
2. public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
3. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
4. setContentView(R.layout.main);
5. TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
6. tv.setOnTouchListener(this);
7. }
8. public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
9. Toast.makeText(this, "Touch Touch", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
10. return false;
11. }
12.}
public class MyGesture extends Activity implements OnTouchListener {
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
tv.setOnTouchListener(this);
}
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
Toast.makeText(this, "Touch Touch", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return false;
}
}我们可以通过MotionEvent的getAction()方法来获取Touch事件的类型,包括 ACTION_DOWN(按下触摸屏), ACTION_MOVE(按下触摸屏后移动受力点), ACTION_UP(松开触摸屏)和ACTION_CANCEL(不会由用户直接触发)。借助对于用户不同操作的判断,结合getRawX()、getRawY()、getX()和getY()等方法来获取坐标后,我们可以实现诸如拖动某一个按钮,拖动滚动条等功能。
2. 回到今天的重点,当我们捕捉到Touch操作的时候,如何识别出用户的Gesture?这里我们需要GestureDetector.OnGestureListener接口的帮助,代码如下:
Java代码
1.public class MyGesture extends Activity implements OnTouchListener, OnGestureListener {
2. private GestureDetector mGestureDetector;
3. public MyGesture() {
4. mGestureDetector = new GestureDetector(this);
5. }
6. public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
7. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
8. setContentView(R.layout.main);
9. TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
10. tv.setOnTouchListener(this);
11. tv.setFocusable(true);
12. tv.setClickable(true);
13. tv.setLongClickable(true);
14. mGestureDetector.setIsLongpressEnabled(true);
15. }
16.
17. /*
18. * 在onTouch()方法中,我们调用GestureDetector的onTouchEvent()方法,将捕捉到的MotionEvent交给GestureDetector
19. * 来分析是否有合适的callback函数来处理用户的手势
20. */
21. public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
22. return mGestureDetector.onTouchEvent(event);
23. }
24.
25. // 用户轻触触摸屏,由1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN触发
26. public boolean onDown(MotionEvent arg0) {
27. Log.i("MyGesture", "onDown");
28. Toast.makeText(this, "onDown", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
29. return true;
30. }
31.
32. /*
33. * 用户轻触触摸屏,尚未松开或拖动,由一个1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN触发
34. * 注意和onDown()的区别,强调的是没有松开或者拖动的状态
35. */
36. public void onShowPress(MotionEvent e) {
37. Log.i("MyGesture", "onShowPress");
38. Toast.makeText(this, "onShowPress", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
39. }
40.
41. // 用户(轻触触摸屏后)松开,由一个1个MotionEvent ACTION_UP触发
42. public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent e) {
43. Log.i("MyGesture", "onSingleTapUp");
44. Toast.makeText(this, "onSingleTapUp", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
45. return true;
46. }
47.
48. // 用户按下触摸屏、快速移动后松开,由1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN, 多个ACTION_MOVE, 1个ACTION_UP触发
49. public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) {
50. Log.i("MyGesture", "onFling");
51. Toast.makeText(this, "onFling", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
52. return true;
53. }
54.
55. // 用户按下触摸屏,并拖动,由1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN, 多个ACTION_MOVE触发
56. public boolean onScroll(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float distanceX, float distanceY) {
57. Log.i("MyGesture", "onScroll");
58. Toast.makeText(this, "onScroll", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
59. return true;
60. }
61.
62. // 用户长按触摸屏,由多个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN触发
63. public void onLongPress(MotionEvent e) {
64. Log.i("MyGesture", "onLongPress");
65. Toast.makeText(this, "onLongPress", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
66. }
67.}
public class MyGesture extends Activity implements OnTouchListener, OnGestureListener {
private GestureDetector mGestureDetector;
public MyGesture() {
mGestureDetector = new GestureDetector(this);
}
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.main);
TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
tv.setOnTouchListener(this);
tv.setFocusable(true);
tv.setClickable(true);
tv.setLongClickable(true);
mGestureDetector.setIsLongpressEnabled(true);
}
/*
* 在onTouch()方法中,我们调用GestureDetector的onTouchEvent()方法,将捕捉到的MotionEvent交给GestureDetector
* 来分析是否有合适的callback函数来处理用户的手势
*/
public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
return mGestureDetector.onTouchEvent(event);
}
// 用户轻触触摸屏,由1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN触发
public boolean onDown(MotionEvent arg0) {
Log.i("MyGesture", "onDown");
Toast.makeText(this, "onDown", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return true;
}
/*
* 用户轻触触摸屏,尚未松开或拖动,由一个1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN触发
* 注意和onDown()的区别,强调的是没有松开或者拖动的状态
*/
public void onShowPress(MotionEvent e) {
Log.i("MyGesture", "onShowPress");
Toast.makeText(this, "onShowPress", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
// 用户(轻触触摸屏后)松开,由一个1个MotionEvent ACTION_UP触发
public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent e) {
Log.i("MyGesture", "onSingleTapUp");
Toast.makeText(this, "onSingleTapUp", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
return true;
}
// 用户按下触摸屏、快速移动后松开,由1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN, 多个ACTION_MOVE, 1个ACTION_UP触发
public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) {
Log.i("MyGesture", "onFling");
Toast.makeText(this, "onFling", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
return true;
}
// 用户按下触摸屏,并拖动,由1个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN, 多个ACTION_MOVE触发
public boolean onScroll(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float distanceX, float distanceY) {
Log.i("MyGesture", "onScroll");
Toast.makeText(this, "onScroll", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
return true;
}
// 用户长按触摸屏,由多个MotionEvent ACTION_DOWN触发
public void onLongPress(MotionEvent e) {
Log.i("MyGesture", "onLongPress");
Toast.makeText(this, "onLongPress", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
3. Fling事件的处理代码:除了第一个触发Fling的ACTION_DOWN和最后一个ACTION_MOVE中包含的坐标等信息外,我们还可以根据用户在X轴或者Y轴上的移动速度作为条件。比如下面的代码中我们就在用户移动超过100个像素,且X轴上每秒的移动速度大于200像素时才进行处理。
Java代码
1.public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) {
2. // 参数解释:
3. // e1:第1个ACTION_DOWN MotionEvent
4. // e2:最后一个ACTION_MOVE MotionEvent
5. // velocityX:X轴上的移动速度,像素/秒
6. // velocityY:Y轴上的移动速度,像素/秒
7.
8. // 触发条件 :
9. // X轴的坐标位移大于FLING_MIN_DISTANCE,且移动速度大于FLING_MIN_VELOCITY个像素/秒
10.
11. final int FLING_MIN_DISTANCE = 100, FLING_MIN_VELOCITY = 200;
12. if (e1.getX() - e2.getX() > FLING_MIN_DISTANCE && Math.abs(velocityX) > FLING_MIN_VELOCITY) {
13. // Fling left
14. Log.i("MyGesture", "Fling left");
15. Toast.makeText(this, "Fling Left", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
16. } else if (e2.getX() - e1.getX() > FLING_MIN_DISTANCE && Math.abs(velocityX) > FLING_MIN_VELOCITY) {
17. // Fling right
18. Log.i("MyGesture", "Fling right");
19. Toast.makeText(this, "Fling Right", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
20. }
21. return false;
22.}
public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) {
// 参数解释:
// e1:第1个ACTION_DOWN MotionEvent
// e2:最后一个ACTION_MOVE MotionEvent
// velocityX:X轴上的移动速度,像素/秒
// velocityY:Y轴上的移动速度,像素/秒
// 触发条件 :
// X轴的坐标位移大于FLING_MIN_DISTANCE,且移动速度大于FLING_MIN_VELOCITY个像素/秒
final int FLING_MIN_DISTANCE = 100, FLING_MIN_VELOCITY = 200;
if (e1.getX() - e2.getX() > FLING_MIN_DISTANCE && Math.abs(velocityX) > FLING_MIN_VELOCITY) {
// Fling left
Log.i("MyGesture", "Fling left");
Toast.makeText(this, "Fling Left", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
} else if (e2.getX() - e1.getX() > FLING_MIN_DISTANCE && Math.abs(velocityX) > FLING_MIN_VELOCITY) {
// Fling right
Log.i("MyGesture", "Fling right");
Toast.makeText(this, "Fling Right", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
}
return false;
} 这个例子中,tv.setLongClickable( true )是必须的,因为 只有这样,view才能够处理不同于Tap(轻触)的hold(即ACTION_MOVE,或者多个ACTION_DOWN),我们同样可以通过layout定义中的android:longClickable来做到这一点。
4. SimpleOnGestureListener
Java代码
1.public class MyGesture extends Activity implements OnTouchListener {
2. private GestureDetector mGestureDetector;
3. public MyGesture() {
4. mGestureDetector = new GestureDetector(new MySimpleGesture());
5. }
6. public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
7. super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
8. setContentView(R.layout.main);
9. TextView tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv);
10. tv.setOnTouchListener(this);
11. tv.setFocusable(true);
12. tv.setClickable(true);
13. tv.setLongClickable(true);
14. }
15. public boolean onTouch(View v, MotionEvent event) {
16. if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_UP) {
17. Log.i("MyGesture", "MotionEvent.ACTION_UP");
18. }
19. return mGestureDetector.onTouchEvent(event);
20. }
21.
22. // SimpleOnGestureListener implements GestureDetector.OnDoubleTapListener, GestureDetector.OnGestureListener
23. private class MySimpleGesture extends SimpleOnGestureListener {
24. // 双击的第二下Touch down时触发
25. public boolean onDoubleTap(MotionEvent e) {
26. Log.i("MyGesture", "onDoubleTap");
27. return super.onDoubleTap(e);
28. }
29.
30. // 双击的第二下Touch down和up都会触发,可用e.getAction()区分
31. public boolean onDoubleTapEvent(MotionEvent e) {
32. Log.i("MyGesture", "onDoubleTapEvent");
33. return super.onDoubleTapEvent(e);
34. }
35.
36. // Touch down时触发
37. public boolean onDown(MotionEvent e) {
38. Log.i("MyGesture", "onDown");
39. return super.onDown(e);
40. }
41.
42. // Touch了滑动一点距离后,up时触发
43. public boolean onFling(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float velocityX, float velocityY) {
44. Log.i("MyGesture", "onFling");
45. return super.onFling(e1, e2, velocityX, velocityY);
46. }
47.
48. // Touch了不移动一直Touch down时触发
49. public void onLongPress(MotionEvent e) {
50. Log.i("MyGesture", "onLongPress");
51. super.onLongPress(e);
52. }
53.
54. // Touch了滑动时触发
55. public boolean onScroll(MotionEvent e1, MotionEvent e2, float distanceX, float distanceY) {
56. Log.i("MyGesture", "onScroll");
57. return super.onScroll(e1, e2, distanceX, distanceY);
58. }
59.
60. /*
61. * Touch了还没有滑动时触发
62. * (1)onDown只要Touch Down一定立刻触发
63. * (2)Touch Down后过一会没有滑动先触发onShowPress再触发onLongPress
64. * So: Touch Down后一直不滑动,onDown -> onShowPress -> onLongPress这个顺序触发。
65. */
66. public void onShowPress(MotionEvent e) {
67. Log.i("MyGesture", "onShowPress");
68. super.onShowPress(e);
69. }
70.
71. /*
72. * 两个函数都是在Touch Down后又没有滑动(onScroll),又没有长按(onLongPress),然后Touch Up时触发
73. * 点击一下非常快的(不滑动)Touch Up: onDown->onSingleTapUp->onSingleTapConfirmed
74. * 点击一下稍微慢点的(不滑动)Touch Up: onDown->onShowPress->onSingleTapUp->onSingleTapConfirmed
75. */
76. public boolean onSingleTapConfirmed(MotionEvent e) {
77. Log.i("MyGesture", "onSingleTapConfirmed");
78. return super.onSingleTapConfirmed(e);
79. }
80. public boolean onSingleTapUp(MotionEvent e) {
81. Log.i("MyGesture", "onSingleTapUp");
82. return super.onSingleTapUp(e);
83. }
84. }
85.}