freeradius安装和配置

注意：freeradius装完非常大，有几百兆

 

    软件准备

[root@nm freeradius-server-2.1.1]# rpm -qa | grep openssl openssl-0.9.7a-43.10 openssl-devel-0.9.7a-43.10 xmlsec1-openssl-1.2.6-3

[root@vmmac fprobe-1.1]# rpm -qa | grep ldap openldap-2.2.13-6.4E openldap-devel-2.2.13-6.4E openldap-clients-2.2.13-6.4E nss_ldap-226-13 openldap-servers-2.2.13-6.4E

freeradius-server-2.1.1.tar.gz

      freeradius 安装

[root@nm freeradius-server-2.1.1]# ./configure configure: creating ./config.status config.status: creating Makefile config.status: creating config.h 会装很长时间，接近1小时

[root@nm freeradius-server-2.1.1]# make Making all in rfc... gmake[4]: Entering directory`/usr/local/src/freeradius-server-2.1.1/doc/rfc' gmake[4]: Nothing to be done for `all'. gmake[4]: Leaving directory`/usr/local/src/freeradius-server-2.1.1/doc/rfc' gmake[3]: Leaving directory`/usr/local/src/freeradius-server-2.1.1/doc' gmake[2]: Leaving directory`/usr/local/src/freeradius-server-2.1.1/doc' gmake[1]: Leaving directory`/usr/local/src/freeradius-server-2.1.1'

[root@nm freeradius-server-2.1.1]# make install done gmake[4]: Leaving directory`/usr/local/src/freeradius-server-2.1.1/doc/rfc' gmake[3]: Leaving directory`/usr/local/src/freeradius-server-2.1.1/doc' gmake[2]: Leaving directory`/usr/local/src/freeradius-server-2.1.1/doc' gmake[1]: Leaving directory`/usr/local/src/freeradius-server-2.1.1' Installing dictionary files in /usr/local/share/freeradius /usr/local/src/freeradius-server-2.1.1/libtool --finish/usr/local/lib PATH="$PATH:/sbin" ldconfig -n /usr/local/lib

      安装后的第一次运行radiusd -X
安装后可以不进行任何配置，直接起daemon,直接进行loopback测试。
因为radius缺省配置就是支持本地daemon,本地client(loopback client)

The first time after installation, you should run the serveras "root".  Thiswill cause the server to create the certificatesit needs for EAP.  第一次启动，应该在root下运行radiusd-X这将使server建立EAP所需的 certificates $ radiusd –X  注意是大写X

Once that is done, the server can be run from an unpriviledgeduser account.   这个步骤做完后，server就能从非特权用户启动了

[root@nm local]# radiusd -X FreeRADIUS Version 2.1.1, for host i686-pc-linux-gnu, built on Oct29 2008 at 10:27:47 Copyright (C) 1999-2008 The FreeRADIUS server project andcontributors. There is NO warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FORA PARTICULAR PURPOSE. You may redistribute copies of FreeRADIUS under the terms ofthe GNU General Public License v2. Starting - reading configuration files ... including configuration file/usr/local/etc/raddb/radiusd.conf including configuration file /usr/local/etc/raddb/proxy.conf including configuration file/usr/local/etc/raddb/clients.conf including files in directory /usr/local/etc/raddb/modules/ 。。。 Listening on authenticationaddress * port 1812 Listening on accounting address *port 1813 Listening on proxy address * port1814 Ready to processrequests.

从另一个窗口 看log [root@nm ~]# cat /usr/local/var/log/radius/radius.log Wed Oct 29 11:23:25 2008 : Error: rlm_eap: SSL errorerror:02001002:system library:fopen:No such file or directory Wed Oct 29 11:23:25 2008 : Error: rlm_eap_tls: Error readingcertificate file /usr/local/etc/raddb/certs/server.pem Wed Oct 29 11:23:25 2008 : Error: rlm_eap: Failed to initializetype tls Wed Oct 29 11:23:25 2008 : Error:/usr/local/etc/raddb/eap.conf[17]: Instantiation failed for module"eap" Wed Oct 29 11:23:25 2008 : Error:/usr/local/etc/raddb/sites-enabled/inner-tunnel[223]: Failed tofind module "eap". Wed Oct 29 11:23:25 2008 : Error:/usr/local/etc/raddb/sites-enabled/inner-tunnel[176]: Errorsparsing authenticate section. Wed Oct 29 11:23:25 2008 : Error: Errors initializing modules 初次起动会出eap error

随后再重起一次radiusd，不加-X [root@nm local]# radiusd & [1] 2419

从另一个窗口看log [root@nm ~]# cat /usr/local/var/log/radius/radius.log 再次启动就只有一条新log,没有error了 Wed Oct 29 13:09:48 2008 : Info: Ready to process requests.

      radius 启动的特征

[root@nm ~]# ps -ef | grep radiusd root     2420    1  0 13:10?       00:00:00 radiusd

[root@nm ~]# netstat -an Active Internet connections (servers and established) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q LocalAddress              ForeignAddress            State      tcp       0     00.0.0.0:21                 0.0.0.0:*                  LISTEN      tcp       0     00.0.0.0:23                 0.0.0.0:*                  LISTEN      tcp       0     010.4.3.117:23              10.4.3.119:1058            ESTABLISHED tcp       0    14610.4.3.117:23              10.4.3.119:4471            ESTABLISHED tcp       0     0:::80                      :::*                       LISTEN      tcp       0     0:::22                      :::*                       LISTEN      tcp       0     0:::443                     :::*                       LISTEN      tcp       0     0::ffff:10.4.3.117:22       ::ffff:10.4.3.119:4488     ESTABLISHED udp       0     00.0.0.0:1812        0.0.0.0:*                               udp       0     00.0.0.0:1813         0.0.0.0:*                               udp       0     00.0.0.0:1814         0.0.0.0:*

    loopback测试——radtest

radtest [-d raddb_directory] user password radius-servernas-port-number secrect

nas-port-number:用不到，就为0即可 secret:就是在client.conf里的对应client的口令（radius安装完后，本地client127.0.0.1的口令缺省就是testing123）

[root@nm ~]# radtest test testlocalhost 0 testing123 Sending Access-Request ofid 48 to 127.0.0.1 port 1812        User-Name = "test"        User-Password = "test"        NAS-IP-Address = 127.0.0.1        NAS-Port = 0 rad_recv: Access-Rejectpacket from host 127.0.0.1 port 1812, id=48, length=20 尽管user,passwd都是假的，但只要收到Access-Reject，也证明FreeRADIUS服务器已经正常启动

    freeradius自带system V 启动文档

[root@vm ~]# cp /usr/local/sbin/rc.radiusd/etc/init.d/radius

[root@vm ~]# /etc/init.d/radius Usage: /etc/init.d/ {start|stop|reload|restart|check} [root@vm ~]# /etc/init.d/radius start Starting FreeRADIUS:radiusd

[root@vm rc3.d]# ln -s../init.d/radius S96radius [root@vm rc3.d]# ls -l lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root 14 Feb 23 13:32 S39ldap-> ../init.d/ldap* lrwxrwxrwx  1 root root 16 Feb 27 09:06 S96radius-> ../init.d/radius*

      RADIUS 服务器的配置包括：

•    radiusd.conf    服务器端配置
•    clients.conf     存储radius客户端（NAS,ROUTER）的验证信息，主要是配KEY
•    ./modules/      主要是针对LDAP，MYSQL、数字证书等的配置

1．radiusd.conf 没什么可改的，都是系统的一些属性配置（目录啊、PID啊、LOG啊等等） [root@vmmac ~]# vi /usr/local/etc/raddb/radiusd.conf prefix = /usr/local exec_prefix = ${prefix} sysconfdir =${prefix}/etc localstatedir = ${prefix}/var sbindir = ${exec_prefix}/sbin logdir =${localstatedir}/log/radius raddbdir = ${sysconfdir}/raddb radacctdir = ${logdir}/radacct #user = radius #group = radius 缺省此两句被注释掉，是root启动daemon 如果radius认证不采用本地认证（/etc/passwd）的话，强烈建议采用radius 用户启动daemon max_requests = 1024 缺省1024，此值太小会造成大量认证时的busy,此值太大会耗内存 listen {        type =auth     Listen认证        ipaddr = *        port =0     Port 0表示会listen在/etc/service下的端口定义（1812） } listen {        type =acct    Listen记帐        ipaddr = *        port = 0 } log {        #  Destination for log messages：        #      files - log to "file", as definedbelow.        #      syslog - to syslog (see also the"syslog_facility", below.        #      stdout - standard output        #      stderr - standard error.        #        destination = files        file = ${logdir}/radius.log        #  Which syslog facility to use, if ${destination}== "syslog"        syslog_facility = daemon        #  Log authentication requests to the logfile.        auth = yes        auth_badpass = yes        auth_goodpass = yes $INCLUDE clients.conf 实际clients.conf也是radiusd.conf的一部分，只不过分出去了。 modules {        $INCLUDE ${confdir}/modules/        $INCLUDE eap.conf        $INCLUDE sql.conf        $INCLUDE sql/mysql/counter.conf }

2. clients.conf ，定义NAS，主要是设KEY，主要是改clients.conf [root@vmmac ~]# vi /usr/local/etc/raddb/clients.conf client 10.4.193.26{        secret=admin123 Secret的意思：Radiusaaa与NAS之间的key传送是密文，而且传的不是口令，而是MD5计算结果 } client 10.4.3.150{        secret=admin123 } client localhost {        ipaddr = 127.0.0.1        secret         = testing123 } #client 192.168.0.0/24{ 设网段，这样可以方便多台NAS，且NAS填加的时候不用反复改clients.conf #      secret         = testing123-1 #      shortname      = private-network-1 #} # #client 192.168.0.0/16 { #      secret         = testing123-2 #      shortname      = private-network-2 #}

      发觉radius.conf中没有设认证方式的地方
缺省就是local
访问radius就是自动读/etc/passwd or/etc/shadow
然后读ldap,mysql等,这些 conf也都事先include了,就看你设没设了.

      如果radius.conf和ldap合作,有把握不读local(/etc/passwd),那么daemon可以直接用radius用户启动，而不是root启动