Base64算法介绍及android中Base64应用

一、Base64编码简介:

       Base64是网络上最常见的用于传输8Bit字节代码的编码方式之一,大家可以查看RFC2045~RFC2049,上面有MIME的详细规范。Base64编码可用于在HTTP环境下传递较长的标识信息。例如,在Java Persistence系统Hibernate中,就采用了Base64来将一个较长的唯一标识符(一般为128-bit的UUID)编码为一个字符串,用作HTTP表单和HTTP GET URL中的参数。在其他应用程序中,也常常需要把二进制数据编码为适合放在URL(包括隐藏表单域)中的形式。此时,采用Base64编码具有不可读性,即所编码的数据不会被人用肉眼所直接看到。

二、Base64编码算法(Java实现):

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;  
  
public class Base64  
{  
    private static char[] base64EncodeChars = new char[] { 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'I', 'J', 'K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'O', 'P',  
            'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h', 'i', 'j', 'k', 'l', 'm', 'n', 'o',  
            'p', 'q', 'r', 's', 't', 'u', 'v', 'w', 'x', 'y', 'z', '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', '+', '/' };  
  
    private static byte[] base64DecodeChars = new byte[] { -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1,  
            -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 62, -1, -1, -1, 63, 52, 53, 54, 55,  
            56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20,  
            21, 22, 23, 24, 25, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46,  
            47, 48, 49, 50, 51, -1, -1, -1, -1, -1 };  
  
    private Base64()  
    {  
    }  
  
    public static String encode(byte[] data)  
    {  
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();  
        int len = data.length;  
        int i = 0;  
        int b1, b2, b3;  
  
        while (i < len)  
        {  
            b1 = data[i++] & 0xff;  
            if (i == len)  
            {  
                sb.append(base64EncodeChars[b1 >>> 2]);  
                sb.append(base64EncodeChars[(b1 & 0x3) << 4]);  
                sb.append("==");  
                break;  
            }  
            b2 = data[i++] & 0xff;  
            if (i == len)  
            {  
                sb.append(base64EncodeChars[b1 >>> 2]);  
                sb.append(base64EncodeChars[((b1 & 0x03) << 4) | ((b2 & 0xf0) >>> 4)]);  
                sb.append(base64EncodeChars[(b2 & 0x0f) << 2]);  
                sb.append("=");  
                break;  
            }  
            b3 = data[i++] & 0xff;  
            sb.append(base64EncodeChars[b1 >>> 2]);  
            sb.append(base64EncodeChars[((b1 & 0x03) << 4) | ((b2 & 0xf0) >>> 4)]);  
            sb.append(base64EncodeChars[((b2 & 0x0f) << 2) | ((b3 & 0xc0) >>> 6)]);  
            sb.append(base64EncodeChars[b3 & 0x3f]);  
        }  
        return sb.toString();  
    }  
  
    public static byte[] decode(String str)  
    {  
        byte[] data = str.getBytes();  
        int len = data.length;  
        ByteArrayOutputStream buf = new ByteArrayOutputStream(len);  
        int i = 0;  
        int b1, b2, b3, b4;  
  
        while (i < len)  
        {  
  
            /* b1 */  
            do  
            {  
                b1 = base64DecodeChars[data[i++]];  
            }  
            while (i < len && b1 == -1);  
            if (b1 == -1)  
            {  
                break;  
            }  
  
            /* b2 */  
            do  
            {  
                b2 = base64DecodeChars[data[i++]];  
            }  
            while (i < len && b2 == -1);  
            if (b2 == -1)  
            {  
                break;  
            }  
            buf.write((int) ((b1 << 2) | ((b2 & 0x30) >>> 4)));  
  
            /* b3 */  
            do  
            {  
                b3 = data[i++];  
                if (b3 == 61)  
                {  
                    return buf.toByteArray();  
                }  
                b3 = base64DecodeChars[b3];  
            }  
            while (i < len && b3 == -1);  
            if (b3 == -1)  
            {  
                break;  
            }  
            buf.write((int) (((b2 & 0x0f) << 4) | ((b3 & 0x3c) >>> 2)));  
  
            /* b4 */  
            do  
            {  
                b4 = data[i++];  
                if (b4 == 61)  
                {  
                    return buf.toByteArray();  
                }  
                b4 = base64DecodeChars[b4];  
            }  
            while (i < len && b4 == -1);  
            if (b4 == -1)  
            {  
                break;  
            }  
            buf.write((int) (((b3 & 0x03) << 6) | b4));  
        }  
        return buf.toByteArray();  
    }  

三、Base64编码在Android中的应用:

1.将Bitmap转为String:

public String bitmaptoString(Bitmap bitmap) {

		// 将Bitmap转换成字符串

		String string = null;

		ByteArrayOutputStream bStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

		bitmap.compress(CompressFormat.PNG, 100, bStream);

		byte[] bytes = bStream.toByteArray();

		string = Base64.encodeToString(bytes, Base64.DEFAULT);

		return string;

	}

2.将字符串转换成Bitmap类型:

public Bitmap stringtoBitmap(String string) {

		// 将字符串转换成Bitmap类型
		Bitmap bitmap = null;
		try {
			byte[] bitmapArray;
			bitmapArray = Base64.decode(string, Base64.DEFAULT);
			bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(bitmapArray, 0,
					bitmapArray.length);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		return bitmap;
	}

3.上传图片到服务器。

注:对于上传过程中失败的问题,上传失败的bug,主要的原因是编码字符的问题,记得要将base64的字符串 转化一下为utf-8,要不然会导致上传失败 。

public static String httpPostBase64(byte[]  data, String url,String uid,String blog) {
  String str=null;
  try {

   HttpPost httpRequest = new HttpPost(url);

   /*
    * 
    * NameValuePair实现请求参数的封装
    */
  


   List params = new LinkedList();
   params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("uid", uid));
   params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("blog", blog));
   if(data!=null){
    String data1 = Base64.encodeToString(data, 0, data.length,Base64.DEFAULT);
    params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("img",URLEncoder.encode(data1,"UTF-8")));
   }
   
   /* 添加请求参数到请求对象 */

   httpRequest.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(params, HTTP.UTF_8));

   /* 发送请求并等待响应 */

   HttpResponse httpResponse = new DefaultHttpClient().execute(httpRequest);

   /* 若状态码为200 ok */

   if (httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode() != 200) {

    Log.d("Code", httpResponse.getStatusLine().toString());

    return str;

   }else{
     HttpEntity httpEntity=httpResponse.getEntity();
     str = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity,"UTF-8");
    System.out.println("-------------------"+str);
   }

  } catch (Exception e) {

   for (StackTraceElement s : e.getStackTrace())

    Log.d("Exception", s.toString());

   Log.d("Exception", e.getLocalizedMessage());

   return str;

  }

  return str;

 }


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