TNS-12516及ORA-12516错误解决

在客户端进行sqlplus连接报错如下：

ORA-12516: TNS: 监听程序找不到符合协议堆栈要求的可用处理程序

在/home/oracle/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/log/listener.log中查看到错误如下：

TNS-12516: TNS:listener could not find available handler with matching protocol stack

sqlplus连接之后报错：

[oracle@kel ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu May 16 00:06:17 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected.
SQL> show parameter session
ORA-01012: not logged on


SQL> shutdown immediate
ORA-24324: service handle not initialized
ORA-24323: value not allowed
ORA-00020: maximum number of processes (%s) exceeded

alterlog中报错：

Wed May 15 23:59:26 2013
Process m000 died, see its trace file
Wed May 15 23:59:26 2013
ksvcreate: Process(m000) creation failed
Thu May 16 00:00:26 2013
Process m000 died, see its trace file
Thu May 16 00:00:26 2013
ksvcreate: Process(m000) creation failed
Process m000 died, see its trace file
Thu May 16 00:00:27 2013
ksvcreate: Process(m000) creation failed
Thu May 16 00:01:27 2013
Process m000 died, see its trace file
Thu May 16 00:01:27 2013
ksvcreate: Process(m000) creation failed
Process m000 died, see its trace file
Thu May 16 00:01:27 2013
ksvcreate: Process(m000) creation failed

1、无法登陆数据库的情况下使用以下方法：

a、找到数据库的关键进程，然后杀死，此时数据库实例会自动进行关闭

	[oracle@kel ~]$ ps -ef|grep dbw
	oracle   16107     1  0 00:04 ?        00:00:00 ora_dbw0_orcl
	oracle   16755 15946  0 00:19 pts/0    00:00:00 grep dbw
	[oracle@kel ~]$ kill -9 16107

2、公用的方法，当能登陆进数据库之后

b、sqlplus登录进数据库，启动数据库

[oracle@kel ~]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu May 16 00:20:11 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  176160768 bytes
Fixed Size		    2019384 bytes
Variable Size		  100667336 bytes
Database Buffers	   71303168 bytes
Redo Buffers		    2170880 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.

c、查看系统，发现process的值已经接近上限，修改processes的值

SQL> show parameter process

NAME				     TYPE	 VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
aq_tm_processes 		     integer	 0
db_writer_processes		     integer	 1
gcs_server_processes		     integer	 0
job_queue_processes		     integer	 10
log_archive_max_processes	     integer	 2
processes			     integer	 20

SQL> alter system set processes=1150 scope=spfile;

System altered.

d、重新启动oracle数据库

SQL> startup force
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  176160768 bytes
Fixed Size		    2019384 bytes
Variable Size		  100667336 bytes
Database Buffers	   71303168 bytes
Redo Buffers		    2170880 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> show parameter process;

NAME				     TYPE	 VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
aq_tm_processes 		     integer	 0
db_writer_processes		     integer	 1
gcs_server_processes		     integer	 0
job_queue_processes		     integer	 10
log_archive_max_processes	     integer	 2
processes			     integer	 150

连接不上数据库的时候，可能会是processes值已经达到了上限，从而修改processes的值，加大即可。