- 环境介绍
- 增加步骤
Centos 增加新硬盘
一、环境介绍
原主机有500G硬盘，现在新增一颗2T硬盘。
二、增加步骤
- 查看硬盘
- 新建分区
- 格式化
- 挂载使用
- 设置开机自动挂载
1.查看硬盘
# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xba24d924 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 26 287 2097152 82 Linux swap / Solaris Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda3 287 60802 486083584 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x97d16691 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
可见一颗sdb硬盘2T存在系统中，但未被格式化。
2.新建分区
使用fdisk命令对新增的sdb硬盘进行操作
# fdisk /dev/sdb
The device presents a logical sector size that is smaller than
the physical sector size. Aligning to a physical sector (or optimal
I/O) size boundary is recommended, or performance may be impacted.
WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
sectors (command 'u').
Command (m for help): p #查看此颗硬盘分区状况
Disk /dev/sdb: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x97d16691
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n #新建分区
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p #新建原始分区
Partition number (1-4): 1 #分区编号
First cylinder (1-243201, default 1): 1#从第一个扇区开始
Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-243201, default 243201): #直接回车使用所有空间
Using default value 243201
Command (m for help): p#再次查看分区情况
Disk /dev/sdb: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x97d16691
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 243201 1953512001 83 Linux
Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.
Command (m for help): w#保存分区
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
再次使用fdisk命令查看服务器硬盘情况
# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 500.1 GB, 500107862016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 60801 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xba24d924 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 26 204800 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 26 287 2097152 82 Linux swap / Solaris Partition 2 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda3 287 60802 486083584 83 Linux Disk /dev/sdb: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes Disk identifier: 0x97d16691 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 243201 1953512001 83 Linux Partition 1 does not start on physical sector boundary.
此时可以看见新建的sdb1分区,还需要格式化才能使用。
3.格式化
使用mkfs命令将新增硬盘格式化为ext3格式
# mkfs.ext3 /dev/sdb1
mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010)
/dev/sdb1 alignment is offset by 512 bytes.
This may result in very poor performance, (re)-partitioning suggested.
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=1 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
122101760 inodes, 488378000 blocks
24418900 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=0
14905 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,
4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,
102400000, 214990848
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 20 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
4.挂载使用
# mkdir /eda_bak #建立新挂载点 # mount /dev/sdb1 /eda_bak #挂载使用此硬盘 # mount #查看系统挂载情况 /dev/sda3 on / type ext3 (rw) proc on /proc type proc (rw) sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw) devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620) tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw,rootcontext="system_u:object_r:tmpfs_t:s0") /dev/sda1 on /boot type ext3 (rw) none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw) sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw) gvfs-fuse-daemon on /root/.gvfs type fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon (rw,nosuid,nodev) /dev/sdb1 on /eda_bak type ext3 (rw) # df -h #查看使用空间 Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda3 457G 3.0G 431G 1% / tmpfs 995M 260K 994M 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 194M 26M 158M 15% /boot /dev/sdb1 1.8T 196M 1.7T 1% /eda_bak
5.设置开机自动挂载
# vi /etc/fstab 增加 /dev/sdb1 /eda_bak ext3 defaults 1 2
至此、完成。