Spring与JMX集成,实现方式灵活而且简单,主要体现在:
1、可以自动探测实现MBean接口的MBean对象,而且可以将一个普通的Spring Bean注册为MBean;
2、定制管理MBean的接口,根据需要暴露特定管理MBean的操作;
3、使用注解定义MBean管理接口;
4、可以实现对本地和远程MBean的代理。
标准MBean管理
对于实现标准MBean接口MBean资源,在Spring中可以设置不同的探测模式,主要是通过MBeanExporter来实现。例如,定义MBean管理接口:
- packageorg.shirdrn.spring.jmx.autodetect;
-
- publicinterfaceMyObjectMBean{
- publiclonggetId();
- publicvoidsetId(longid);
- publicStringgetName();
- publicvoidsetName(Stringname);
- publicStringshow();
- }
对应的MBean实现,如下所示:
- packageorg.shirdrn.spring.jmx.autodetect;
-
- importorg.apache.log4j.Logger;
-
- publicclassMyObjectimplementsMyObjectMBean{
-
- privatestaticfinalLoggerLOG=Logger.getLogger(MyObject.class);
- privatelongid;
- privateStringname;
-
- publicMyObject(){
- super();
- }
-
- publicMyObject(longid,Stringname){
- super();
- this.id=id;
- this.name=name;
- }
-
- publiclonggetId(){
- returnid;
- }
-
- publicvoidsetId(longid){
- this.id=id;
- }
-
- publicStringgetName(){
- returnname;
- }
-
- publicvoidsetName(Stringname){
- this.name=name;
- }
-
- publicStringshow(){
- StringBuffersb=newStringBuffer().append("id=").append(id).append(
- ",name=").append(name);
- LOG.info("show()="+sb.toString());
- returnsb.toString();
- }
- }
上面是一个标准MBean的实现,可以使用JavaSE 6平台的JMX服务来管理,但是在Spring集成的环境下,也可以重用这些MBean实现,例如下面是一个典型的配置:
- <?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans
- xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
- <beanid="mbServer"class="org.springframework.jmx.export.MBeanExporter">
- <propertyname="autodetectModeName">
- <value>AUTODETECT_ALL</value>
- </property>
- </bean>
- <beanname="mydomain:myobj=MyObjectMBean"class="org.shirdrn.spring.jmx.autodetect.MyObject">
- <propertyname="id">
- <value>90000000001</value>
- </property>
- <propertyname="name">
- <value>shirdrn</value>
- </property>
- </bean>
- </beans>
上面配置中,MBeanExporter会查找本地MBean Server,指定的探测模式autodetectModeName为AUTODETECT_ALL,这也是MBeanExporter的默认值(这个属性完全可以省略,不用配置),无需手动向MBean Server进行注册,便能管理配置的MBean对象“mydomain:myobj=MyObjectMBean”。
对于探测模式autodetectModeName属性,Spring提供了4个取值:
AUTODETECT_NONE 不启用自动探测,需要手动向MBean Server进行注册,即通过MBeanExporter的beans属性进入注册;
AUTODETECT_MBEAN 在当前IOC容器中进行查找MBean组件;
AUTODETECT_ASSEMBLER 设置根据MBeanInfoAssembler的策略进行探测;
AUTODETECT_ALL 自动探测,是AUTODETECT_MBEAN和AUTODETECT_ASSEMBLER的并集。
另外,Spring的MBeanExporter也提供了autodetect属性,取值为true和false,指定对MBean组件的探测行为。
普通Spring Bean管理
对于一个普通的Spring Bean,也可以作为MBean来进行管理,Spring可以很好地支持。如下面一个普通的Java类:
- packageorg.shirdrn.spring.jmx;
-
- importorg.apache.log4j.Logger;
-
- publicclassMyJavaObject{
-
- privatestaticfinalLoggerLOG=Logger.getLogger(MyJavaObject.class);
- privatelongid;
- privateStringname;
-
- publicMyJavaObject(){
- super();
- }
-
- publicMyJavaObject(longid,Stringname){
- super();
- this.id=id;
- this.name=name;
- }
-
- publiclonggetId(){
- returnid;
- }
-
- publicvoidsetId(longid){
- this.id=id;
- }
-
- publicStringgetName(){
- returnname;
- }
-
- publicvoidsetName(Stringname){
- this.name=name;
- }
-
- publicStringshow(){
- StringBuffersb=newStringBuffer().append("id=").append(id).append(
- ",name=").append(name);
- LOG.info("show()="+sb.toString());
- returnsb.toString();
- }
- }
它并没有实现MBean管理接口,可以通过MBeanExporter的beans属性进行注册,配置如下所示:
- <?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans
- xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
- <beanid="mbServer"class="org.springframework.jmx.export.MBeanExporter">
- <propertyname="beans">
- <map>
- <entrykey="mydomain:myjavaobj=MyJavaObject"value-ref="myobj"/>
- </map>
- </property>
- </bean>
- <beanname="myobj"class="org.shirdrn.spring.jmx.MyJavaObject">
- <propertyname="id">
- <value>90000000001</value>
- </property>
- <propertyname="name">
- <value>shirdrn</value>
- </property>
- </bean>
- </beans>
因为org.shirdrn.spring.jmx.MyJavaObject没有对应的MBean接口,所以默认情况下,该类中public的成员都会暴露出来,通过MBeanServer可以管理。实际上,系统中MBean的某些属性或方法可能不需要暴露给外部进行管理,为了克服这种缺点,Spring提供了基于方法列表和接口定制的功能,可以将你所感兴趣的属性或方法暴露给外部管理。
基于方法列表和接口定制的MBean管理
对于上述普通的Java类MyJavaObject,可以通过定制接口和方法列表,来暴露MBean属性或方法。例如,一个方法列表,可以在进行配置的时候指定,如下所示:
- <beanid="assembler"class="org.springframework.jmx.export.assembler.MethodNameBasedMBeanInfoAssembler">
- <propertyname="managedMethods"value="setId,setName,show"/>
- </bean>
上面通过org.springframework.jmx.export.assembler.MethodNameBasedMBeanInfoAssembler来进行方法列表的设置。而对于接口,可以定义一个接口,如下所示:
- packageorg.shirdrn.spring.jmx.selected.interfaces;
-
- publicinterfaceSelectedMethodsInterface{
- publiclongsetId(longid);
- publicvoidsetName(Stringname);
- publicvoidshow();
- }
Spring配置,如下所示:
- <beanid="assembler"class="org.springframework.jmx.export.assembler.InterfaceBasedMBeanInfoAssembler">
- <propertyname="managedInterfaces">
- <list>
- <value>org.shirdrn.spring.jmx.selected.interfaces.SelectedMethodsInterface</value>
- </list>
- </property>
- </bean>
上面通过org.springframework.jmx.export.assembler.InterfaceBasedMBeanInfoAssembler,可以设置一个接口列表,来管理MBean暴露的接口。
对于上面两种方式,都得到一个assembler实例,需要将其注入到org.springframework.jmx.export.MBeanExporter中,如下所示:
- <beanid="exporter"class="org.springframework.jmx.export.MBeanExporter">
- <propertyname="beans">
- <map>
- <entrykey="mydomain:javaObj=MyJavaObject"value-ref="javaObject"/>
- </map>
- </property>
- <propertyname="assembler"ref="assembler"/>
- </bean>
基于注解的MBean管理
对于一个普通的Java类,作为MBean需要被管理,可以通过注解指定要暴露的属性和方法,示例如下:
- packageorg.shirdrn.spring.jmx.annotation;
-
- importorg.apache.log4j.Logger;
- importorg.springframework.jmx.export.annotation.ManagedAttribute;
- importorg.springframework.jmx.export.annotation.ManagedOperation;
- importorg.springframework.jmx.export.annotation.ManagedResource;
-
- @ManagedResource(objectName="annojmx:myjao=AnnotationObject",description="MyJavaAnnotationObject")
- publicclassMyJavaAnnotationObject{
-
- privatestaticfinalLoggerLOG=Logger.getLogger(MyJavaAnnotationObject.class);
- privatelongid;
- privateStringname;
-
- publicMyJavaAnnotationObject(){
- super();
- }
-
- publicMyJavaAnnotationObject(longid,Stringname){
- super();
- this.id=id;
- this.name=name;
- }
-
- @ManagedAttribute
- publiclonggetId(){
- returnid;
- }
-
- publicvoidsetId(longid){
- this.id=id;
- }
-
- publicStringgetName(){
- returnname;
- }
-
- @ManagedAttribute
- publicvoidsetName(Stringname){
- this.name=name;
- }
-
- @ManagedOperation
- publicStringshow(){
- StringBuffersb=newStringBuffer().append("id=").append(id).append(
- ",name=").append(name);
- LOG.info("show()="+sb.toString());
- returnsb.toString();
- }
- }
上面@ManagedResource表示指定该类的实例作为MBean注册到MBean Server中,然后可以通过对属性和方法分别使用@ManagedAttribute和@ManagedOperation来指定暴露的属性和方法。有关这些注解的详细内容,可以查阅相关文档。
下面是一个基本的配置内容:
- <?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
- <beanid="exporter"class="org.springframework.jmx.export.MBeanExporter">
- <propertyname="assembler"ref="assembler"/>
- <propertyname="namingStrategy"ref="namingStrategy"/>
- </bean>
- <beanid="assembler"
- class="org.springframework.jmx.export.assembler.MetadataMBeanInfoAssembler">
- <propertyname="attributeSource"ref="jmxas"/>
- </bean>
- <beanid="namingStrategy"
- class="org.springframework.jmx.export.naming.MetadataNamingStrategy">
- <propertyname="attributeSource"ref="jmxas"/>
- </bean>
- <beanid="jmxas"class="org.springframework.jmx.export.annotation.AnnotationJmxAttributeSource"/>
- <beanid="javaObj"
- class="org.shirdrn.spring.jmx.annotation.MyJavaAnnotationObject">
- <propertyname="id"value="201122121200"/>
- <propertyname="name"value="shirdrn"/>
- </bean>
- </beans>
上面使用了Spring的MBeanExporter,可以看到,Spring配置内容相对较多。
Spring还提供两种简化配置的方式,
一种是,提供了org.springframework.jmx.export.annotation.AnnotationMBeanExporter,可以将上述配置大大简化,等价的配置如下所示:
- <?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
- <beanclass="org.springframework.jmx.export.annotation.AnnotationMBeanExporter"/>
- <beanname="myAnnoObject"
- class="org.shirdrn.spring.jmx.annotation.MyJavaAnnotationObject">
- <propertyname="id"value="201122121200"/>
- <propertyname="name"value="shirdrn"/>
- </bean>
- </beans>
另一种是,提供了<context:mbean-export />标签,更加简洁,等价的配置如下所示:
- <?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">
- <context:mbean-exportregistration="failOnExisting"/>
- <beanname="myAnnoObject"
- class="org.shirdrn.spring.jmx.annotation.MyJavaAnnotationObject">
- <propertyname="id"value="201122121200"/>
- <propertyname="name"value="shirdrn"/>
- </bean>
- </beans>
通过远程代理访问MBean
根据JavaSE 6平台的JMX技术架构定义,分为设备层、代理层、远程管理层这三层,我们通过可以使用Spring提供的org.springframework.jmx.access.MBeanProxyFactoryBean实现,定义代理,来访问MBean Server管理MBean资源。实际上,Spring提供的这个代理功能位于JMX架构的远程管理层,那么在代理层和远程管理层之间,要定义连接器,才能通过远程管理层访问到代理层的MBean Server组件。下面通过实例来实现:
首先,定义个普通的Java类,作为待管理的MBean,如下所示:
- packageorg.shirdrn.spring.jmx.rmi;
-
- importorg.apache.log4j.Logger;
-
- publicclassMyJavaObject{
-
- privatestaticfinalLoggerLOG=Logger.getLogger(MyJavaObject.class);
- privatelongid;
- privateStringname;
-
- publicMyJavaObject(){
- super();
- }
-
- publicMyJavaObject(longid,Stringname){
- super();
- this.id=id;
- this.name=name;
- }
-
- publiclonggetId(){
- returnid;
- }
-
- publicvoidsetId(longid){
- this.id=id;
- }
-
- publicStringgetName(){
- returnname;
- }
-
- publicvoidsetName(Stringname){
- this.name=name;
- }
-
- publicStringshow(){
- StringBuffersb=newStringBuffer().append("id=").append(id).append(
- ",name=").append(name);
- LOG.info("show()="+sb.toString());
- returnsb.toString();
- }
- }
其次,定义了一个Java接口,来按需暴露操作MBean资源的方法:
- packageorg.shirdrn.spring.jmx.rmi;
-
- publicinterfaceMyManagedInterfaces{
- publiclongsetId(longid);
- publicStringgetName();
- publicStringshow();
- }
再次,看一下我们模拟代理层Spring配置server.xml内容:
- <?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
- <beanid="exporter"class="org.springframework.jmx.export.MBeanExporter">
- <propertyname="beans">
- <map>
- <entrykey="mydomain:myjavaobj=MyJavaObject"value-ref="myJavaObj"/>
- </map>
- </property>
- <propertyname="assembler"ref="assembler"/>
- </bean>
- <beanid="assembler"
- class="org.springframework.jmx.export.assembler.InterfaceBasedMBeanInfoAssembler">
- <propertyname="managedInterfaces">
- <list>
- <value>org.shirdrn.spring.jmx.rmi.MyManagedInterfaces</value>
- </list>
- </property>
- </bean>
- <beanname="myJavaObj"class="org.shirdrn.spring.jmx.rmi.MyJavaObject">
- <propertyname="id"value="88000000001"/>
- <propertyname="name"value="shirdrn"/>
- </bean>
- <beanid="server"class="org.springframework.jmx.support.ConnectorServerFactoryBean"depends-on="registry">
- <propertyname="objectName">
- <value>connector:name=rmi</value>
- </property>
- <propertyname="serviceUrl">
- <value>service:jmx:rmi://localhost/jndi/rmi://localhost:1099/jmxrmi</value>
- </property>
- </bean>
- <beanid="registry"class="org.springframework.remoting.rmi.RmiRegistryFactoryBean">
- <propertyname="port">
- <value>1099</value>
- </property>
- </bean>
- </beans>
上半部分配置已经非常熟悉,就是将MBean注册到MBean Server中。下半部分是有关连接器的配置,它是基于RMI协议来进行适配,通过Spring提供的org.springframework.jmx.support.ConnectorServerFactoryBean来实现器,这样,远程管理层可以连接到启动的连接服务器,来访问MBean资源。
然后,我们启动MBean Server及其连接服务器,代码如下所示:
- packageorg.shirdrn.spring.jmx.rmi;
-
- importorg.apache.log4j.Logger;
- importorg.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
-
- publicclassServer{
-
- privatestaticfinalLoggerLOG=Logger.getLogger(Server.class);
-
- publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args)throwsException{
- newClassPathXmlApplicationContext("org/shirdrn/spring/jmx/rmi/server.xml");
- LOG.info("Serverstarted.");
-
- Objectlock=newObject();
- synchronized(lock){
- lock.wait();
- }
- }
- }
启动后,我们定义的MBean已经注册到本地MBean Server中,同时启动了连接器,监听1099端口。
接着,我们定义远程访问层的Spring配置proxy.xml内容,如下所示:
- <?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">
- <beanid="proxy"class="org.springframework.jmx.access.MBeanProxyFactoryBean">
- <propertyname="connectOnStartup"value="true"/>
- <propertyname="objectName"value="mydomain:myjavaobj=MyJavaObject"/>
- <propertyname="proxyInterface">
- <value>org.shirdrn.spring.jmx.rmi.MyManagedInterfaces</value>
- </property>
- <propertyname="serviceUrl">
- <value>service:jmx:rmi://localhost/jndi/rmi://localhost:1099/jmxrmi</value>
- </property>
- </bean>
- </beans>
最后,启动代理,访问MBean资源,代码如下所示:
- packageorg.shirdrn.spring.jmx.rmi;
-
- importorg.apache.log4j.Logger;
- importorg.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
- importorg.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
-
- publicclassProxy{
-
- privatestaticfinalLoggerLOG=Logger.getLogger(Proxy.class);
-
- publicstaticvoidmain(String[]args)throwsException{
- ApplicationContextctx=newClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
- "org/shirdrn/spring/jmx/rmi/proxy.xml");
- LOG.info("Proxyserverstarted.");
- MyManagedInterfacesproxy=(MyManagedInterfaces)ctx.getBean("proxy");
- Stringmessage=proxy.show();
- LOG.info("proxy.show()="+message);
-
- Objectlock=newObject();
- synchronized(lock){
- lock.wait();
- }
- }
- }
这里,只能访问通过org.shirdrn.spring.jmx.rmi.MyManagedInterfaces接口定义的方法来操作注册到MBean Server中的MBean资源。