linux nfs配置

系统平台：Ubuntu 10.04.2 LTS + cloud3916e Linux version 3.4.35
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添加内核对NFS的支持：
Networking support
 Networking Options


(*)TCP/IP networking


(*)IP: kernel level autoconfiguration


(*)IP: DHCP support


(*)IP: Bootp support


(*)IP: Rarp support


File systems


 --- Network File Systems                                                               x x  
<*>   NFS client support                                                               x x  
[*]     NFS client support for NFS version 3                                           x x  
[*]       NFS client support for the NFSv3 ACL protocol extension                      x x  
[*]     NFS client support for NFS version 4                                           x x  
[*]   Root file system on NFS






(*)NFS file system support


(*)Root file system on NFS


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安装nfs：
#sudo apt-get install nfs-kernel-server


打开/etc/exports文件，在末尾加入：
/home/nfs *(insecure,rw,sync,no_root_squash)


注：nfs允许挂载的目录及权限，在文件/etc/exports中进行定义，各字段含义如下：
/home/nfs：要共享的目录
* ：允许所有的网段访问
rw ：读写权限
sync：资料同步写入内在和硬盘
no_root_squash：nfs客户端共享目录使用者权限
重启服务：


#sudo /etc/init.d/portmap restart                <---重启portmap，很重要
#sudo /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server restart      <---重启nfs服务
#showmount -e                                    <---显示共享出的目录


注：nfs是一个RPC程序，使用它前，需要映射好端口，通过portmap设定
命令执行情况如下：
~$ sudo /etc/init.d/portmap restart
Rather than invoking init scripts through /etc/init.d, use the service(8)
utility, e.g. service portmap restart
Since the script you are attempting to invoke has been converted to an
Upstart job, you may also use the restart(8) utility, e.g. restart portmap
portmap start/running, process 474


~$ sudo /etc/init.d/nfs-kernel-server restart
 * Stopping NFS kernel daemon                                         [ OK ] 
 * Unexporting directories for NFS kernel daemon...                   [ OK ] 
 * Exporting directories for NFS kernel daemon...     
  exportfs: /etc/exports [1]: Neither 'subtree_check' or 'no_subtree_check' specified for export "*:/home/nfs".
  Assuming default behaviour ('no_subtree_check').
  NOTE: this default has changed since nfs-utils version 1.0.x
                                                                    [ OK ]
 * Starting NFS kernel daemon                                       [ OK ]


 
现在可以在本机上试一下：
#sudo mount -t nfs localhost:/home/nfs /mnt
注：localhost为本机linux的IP地址
这样就把共享目录挂到了/mnt目录，取消挂载用：
#sudo umount /mnt
如果用在嵌入式设备上挂载，要加上参数-o nolock


mount -t nfs -o nolock 192.168.1.160:/home/nfs /mnt/