创建数据库
CoreData
-> DataModel
Add Entity
Attributes
下方的‘+’号创建模型文件
CoreData
-> NSManaged Object subclass
通过代码,关联数据库和实体
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
/*
* 关联的时候,如果本地没有数据库文件,Coreadata自己会创建
*/
// 1. 上下文
NSManagedObjectContext *context = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] init];
// 2. 上下文关连数据库
// 2.1 model模型文件
NSManagedObjectModel *model = [NSManagedObjectModel mergedModelFromBundles:nil];
// 2.2 持久化存储调度器
// 持久化,把数据保存到一个文件,而不是内存
NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *store = [[NSPersistentStoreCoordinator alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:model];
// 2.3 设置CoreData数据库的名字和路径
NSString *doc = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject];
NSString *sqlitePath = [doc stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"company.sqlite"];
[store addPersistentStoreWithType:NSSQLiteStoreType configuration:nil URL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:sqlitePath] options:nil error:nil];
context.persistentStoreCoordinator = store;
_context = context;
}
添加元素 - Create
-(IBAction)addEmployee{
// 创建一个员工对象
//Employee *emp = [[Employee alloc] init]; 不能用此方法创建
Employee *emp = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Employee" inManagedObjectContext:_context];
emp.name = @"wangwu";
emp.height = @1.80;
emp.birthday = [NSDate date];
// 直接保存数据库
NSError *error = nil;
[_context save:&error];
if (error) {
NSLog(@"%@",error);
}
}
读取数据 - Read
-(IBAction)readEmployee{
// 1.FetchRequest 获取请求对象
NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Employee"];
// 2.设置过滤条件
// 查找zhangsan
NSPredicate *pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name = %@",
@"zhangsan"];
request.predicate = pre;
// 3.设置排序
// 身高的升序排序
NSSortDescriptor *heigtSort = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"height" ascending:NO];
request.sortDescriptors = @[heigtSort];
// 4.执行请求
NSError *error = nil;
NSArray *emps = [_context executeFetchRequest:request error:&error];
if (error) {
NSLog(@"error");
}
//NSLog(@"%@",emps);
//遍历员工
for (Employee *emp in emps) {
NSLog(@"名字 %@ 身高 %@ 生日 %@",emp.name,emp.height,emp.birthday);
}
}
修改数据 - Update
-(IBAction)updateEmployee{
// 改变zhangsan的身高为2m
// 1.查找到zhangsan
// 1.1FectchRequest 抓取请求对象
NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Employee"];
// 1.2设置过滤条件
// 查找zhangsan
NSPredicate *pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name = %@", @"zhangsan"];
request.predicate = pre;
// 1.3执行请求
NSArray *emps = [_context executeFetchRequest:request error:nil];
// 2.更新身高
for (Employee *e in emps) {
e.height = @2.0;
}
// 3.保存
NSError *error = nil;
[_context save:&error];
if (error) {
NSLog(@"%@",error);
}
}
删除数据 - Delete
-(IBAction)deleteEmployee{
// 删除 lisi
// 1.查找lisi
// 1.1FectchRequest 抓取请求对象
NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Employee"];
// 1.2设置过滤条件
// 查找zhangsan
NSPredicate *pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name = %@",
@"lisi"];
request.predicate = pre;
// 1.3执行请求
NSArray *emps = [_context executeFetchRequest:request error:nil];
// 2.删除
for (Employee *e in emps) {
[_context deleteObject:e];
}
// 3.保存
NSError *error = nil;
[_context save:&error];
if (error) {
NSLog(@"%@",error);
}
}
创建数据库
CoreData
-> DataModel
Add Entity
, 注意:这里根据关联添加多个实体Attributes
下方的‘+’号创建模型文件
CoreData
-> NSManaged Object subclass
通过代码,关联数据库和实体
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
/*
* 关联的时候,如果本地没有数据库文件,Coreadata自己会创建
*/
// 1. 上下文
NSManagedObjectContext *context = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] init];
// 2. 上下文关连数据库
// 2.1 model模型文件
NSManagedObjectModel *model = [NSManagedObjectModel mergedModelFromBundles:nil];
// 2.2 持久化存储调度器
// 持久化,把数据保存到一个文件,而不是内存
NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *store = [[NSPersistentStoreCoordinator alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:model];
// 2.3 设置CoreData数据库的名字和路径
NSString *doc = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject];
NSString *sqlitePath = [doc stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"company.sqlite"];
[store addPersistentStoreWithType:NSSQLiteStoreType configuration:nil URL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:sqlitePath] options:nil error:nil];
context.persistentStoreCoordinator = store;
_context = context;
}
添加元素 - Create
-(IBAction)addEmployee{
// 1. 创建两个部门 ios android
//1.1 iOS部门
Department *iosDepart = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Department" inManagedObjectContext:_context];
iosDepart.name = @"ios";
iosDepart.departNo = @"0001";
iosDepart.createDate = [NSDate date];
//1.2 Android部门
Department *andrDepart = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Department" inManagedObjectContext:_context];
andrDepart.name = @"android";
andrDepart.departNo = @"0002";
andrDepart.createDate = [NSDate date];
//2. 创建两个员工对象 zhangsan属于ios部门 lisi属于android部门
//2.1 zhangsan
Employee *zhangsan = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Employee" inManagedObjectContext:_context];
zhangsan.name = @"zhangsan";
zhangsan.height = @(1.90);
zhangsan.birthday = [NSDate date];
zhangsan.depart = iosDepart;
//2.2 lisi
Employee *lisi = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Employee" inManagedObjectContext:_context];
lisi.name = @"lisi";
lisi.height = @2.0;
lisi.birthday = [NSDate date];
lisi.depart = andrDepart;
//3. 保存数据库
NSError *error = nil;
[_context save:&error];
if (error) {
NSLog(@"%@",error);
}
}
读取信息 - Read
-(IBAction)readEmployee{
// 读取ios部门的员工
// 1.FectchRequest 抓取请求对象
NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Employee"];
// 2.设置过滤条件
NSPredicate *pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"depart.name = %@",@"android"];
request.predicate = pre;
// 4.执行请求
NSError *error = nil;
NSArray *emps = [_context executeFetchRequest:request error:&error];
if (error) {
NSLog(@"error");
}
//遍历员工
for (Employee *emp in emps) {
NSLog(@"名字 %@ 部门 %@",emp.name,emp.depart.name);
}
}
其他功能与前几种类似,这里不在赘述
准备工作和上面类似,主要是查询方式不同
模糊查询
-(IBAction)readEmployee{
// 1.FectchRequest 抓取请求对象
NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Employee"];
// 2.设置排序
// 按照身高的升序排序
NSSortDescriptor *heigtSort = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"height" ascending:NO];
request.sortDescriptors = @[heigtSort];
// 3.模糊查询
// 3.1 名字以"wang"开头
// NSPredicate *pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name BEGINSWITH %@",@"wangwu1"];
// request.predicate = pre;
// 名字以"1"结尾
// NSPredicate *pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name ENDSWITH %@",@"1"];
// request.predicate = pre;
// 名字包含"wu1"
// NSPredicate *pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name CONTAINS %@",@"wu1"];
// request.predicate = pre;
// like 匹配
NSPredicate *pre = [NSPredicate predicateWithFormat:@"name like %@",@"*wu12"];
request.predicate = pre;
// 4.执行请求
NSError *error = nil;
NSArray *emps = [_context executeFetchRequest:request error:&error];
if (error) {
NSLog(@"error");
}
//遍历员工
for (Employee *emp in emps) {
NSLog(@"名字 %@ 身高 %@ 生日 %@",emp.name,emp.height,emp.birthday);
}
}
分页查询
-(void)pageSeacher{
// 1. FectchRequest 抓取请求对象
NSFetchRequest *request = [NSFetchRequest fetchRequestWithEntityName:@"Employee"];
// 2. 设置排序
// 身高的升序排序
NSSortDescriptor *heigtSort = [NSSortDescriptor sortDescriptorWithKey:@"height" ascending:NO];
request.sortDescriptors = @[heigtSort];
// 3. 分页查询
// 总有共有15数据
// 每次获取6条数据
// 第一页 0,6
// 第二页 6,6
// 第三页 12,6 3条数据
// 3.1 分页的起始索引
request.fetchOffset = 12;
// 3.2 分页的条数
request.fetchLimit = 6;
// 4. 执行请求
NSError *error = nil;
NSArray *emps = [_context executeFetchRequest:request error:&error];
if (error) {
NSLog(@"error");
}
// 5. 遍历员工
for (Employee *emp in emps) {
NSLog(@"名字 %@ 身高 %@ 生日 %@",emp.name,emp.height,emp.birthday);
}
}
注意:
创建多个数据库,即创建多个
DataModel
一个数据库对应一个上下文
需要根据bundle名创建上下文
添加或读取信息,需要根据不同的上下文,访问不同的实体
关联数据库和实体
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
// 一个数据库对应一个上下文
_companyContext = [self setupContextWithModelName:@"Company"];
_weiboContext = [self setupContextWithModelName:@"Weibo"];
}
/**
* 根据模型文件,返回一个上下文
*/
-(NSManagedObjectContext *)setupContextWithModelName:(NSString *)modelName{
// 1. 上下文
NSManagedObjectContext *context = [[NSManagedObjectContext alloc] init];
// 2. 上下文关连数据库
// 2.1 model模型文件
// 注意:如果使用下面的方法,如果 bundles为nil 会把bundles里面的所有模型文件的表放在一个数据库
//NSManagedObjectModel *model = [NSManagedObjectModel mergedModelFromBundles:nil];
// 改为以下的方法获取:
NSURL *companyURL = [[NSBundle mainBundle] URLForResource:modelName withExtension:@"momd"];
NSManagedObjectModel *model = [[NSManagedObjectModel alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:companyURL];
// 2.2 持久化存储调度器
// 持久化,把数据保存到一个文件,而不是内存
NSPersistentStoreCoordinator *store = [[NSPersistentStoreCoordinator alloc] initWithManagedObjectModel:model];
// 2.3 告诉Coredata数据库的名字和路径
NSString *doc = [NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES) lastObject];
NSString *sqliteName = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@.sqlite",modelName];
NSString *sqlitePath = [doc stringByAppendingPathComponent:sqliteName];
[store addPersistentStoreWithType:NSSQLiteStoreType configuration:nil URL:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:sqlitePath] options:nil error:nil];
context.persistentStoreCoordinator = store;
// 3. 返回上下文
return context;
}
添加元素
-(IBAction)addEmployee{
// 1. 添加员工
Employee *emp = [NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Employee" inManagedObjectContext:_companyContext];
emp.name = @"zhagsan";
emp.height = @2.3;
emp.birthday = [NSDate date];
// 直接保存数据库
[_companyContext save:nil];
// 2. 发微博
Status *status =[NSEntityDescription insertNewObjectForEntityForName:@"Status" inManagedObjectContext:_weiboContext];
status.text = @"发了一条微博!";
status.createDate = [NSDate date];
[_weiboContext save:nil];
}