Linux文件系统的管理

查看分区情况

[root@rhel63-9 ~]# fdisk -l   Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000ad0c8      Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System /dev/sda1   *           1       12749   102400000   83  Linux /dev/sda2           12749       15298    20480000   82  Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3           15298      121601   853879008+  83  Linux   Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000

 

创建分区

[root@rhel63-9 ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x73c64f67. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable.   Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)   WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to          switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to          sectors (command 'u').   Command (m for help): m Command action    a   toggle a bootable flag    b   edit bsd disklabel    c   toggle the dos compatibility flag    d   delete a partition    l   list known partition types    m   print this menu    n   add a new partition    o   create a new empty DOS partition table    p   print the partition table    q   quit without saving changes    s   create a new empty Sun disklabel    t   change a partition's system id    u   change display/entry units    v   verify the partition table    w   write table to disk and exit    x   extra functionality (experts only)   Command (m for help): p     Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x73c64f67      Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System   Command (m for help): n Command action    e   extended    p   primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-121601, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-121601, default 121601): Using default value 121601   Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered!   Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. [root@rhel63-9 ~]# partprobe Warning: WARNING: the kernel failed to re-read the partition table on /dev/sda (Device or resource busy).  As a result, it may not reflect all of your changes until after reboot. [root@rhel63-9 ~]# sync; [root@rhel63-9 ~]# reboot

 

创建PV

[root@rhel63-9 ~]# fdisk -l   Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x73c64f67      Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System /dev/sdb1               1      121601   976760001   83  Linux   Disk /dev/sda: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 121601 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x000ad0c8      Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System /dev/sda1   *           1       12749   102400000   83  Linux /dev/sda2           12749       15298    20480000   82  Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda3           15298      121601   853879008+  83  Linux   [root@rhel63-9 ~]# pvdisplay   "/dev/sda3" is a new physical volume of "814.32 GiB"   --- NEW Physical volume ---   PV Name               /dev/sda3   VG Name                 PV Size               814.32 GiB   Allocatable           NO   PE Size               0     Total PE              0   Free PE               0   Allocated PE          0   PV UUID               v0hWNX-j0pA-ISds-edVp-n7Fj-8LlV-UujcDF   [root@rhel63-9 ~]# pvremove /dev/sda3   Labels on physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully wiped [root@rhel63-9 ~]# pvdisplay [root@rhel63-9 ~]# pvcreate /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb1   Writing physical volume data to disk "/dev/sda3"   Physical volume "/dev/sda3" successfully created   Writing physical volume data to disk "/dev/sdb1"   Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created [root@rhel63-9 ~]# pvdisplay   "/dev/sda3" is a new physical volume of "814.32 GiB"   --- NEW Physical volume ---   PV Name               /dev/sda3   VG Name                 PV Size               814.32 GiB   Allocatable           NO   PE Size               0     Total PE              0   Free PE               0   Allocated PE          0   PV UUID               8BcbtW-cjs9-koIY-GUSy-osAr-hpmJ-rKSvW9      "/dev/sdb1" is a new physical volume of "931.51 GiB"   --- NEW Physical volume ---   PV Name               /dev/sdb1   VG Name                 PV Size               931.51 GiB   Allocatable           NO   PE Size               0     Total PE              0   Free PE               0   Allocated PE          0   PV UUID               GMJOhb-m111-928y-xgrv-eXZO-cr37-37N5NC

 

创建VG

[root@rhel63-9 ~]# vgcreate VolGroup00 /dev/sda3 /dev/sdb1   Volume group "VolGroup00" successfully created [root@rhel63-9 ~]# vgdisplay   --- Volume group ---   VG Name               VolGroup00   System ID               Format                lvm2   Metadata Areas        2   Metadata Sequence No  1   VG Access             read/write   VG Status             resizable   MAX LV                0   Cur LV                0   Open LV               0   Max PV                0   Cur PV                2   Act PV                2   VG Size               1.70 TiB   PE Size               4.00 MiB   Total PE              446932   Alloc PE / Size       0 / 0     Free  PE / Size       446932 / 1.70 TiB   VG UUID               rB3Xcm-ZSw0-ekXe-WEH0-lgHe-sNOb-ZobRm0

 

创建LV

[root@rhel63-9 ~]# lvcreate -L 1.70T -n LogVol00 VolGroup00   Rounding up size to full physical extent 1.70 TiB   Logical volume "LogVol00" created [root@rhel63-9 ~]# lvdisplay   --- Logical volume ---   LV Path                /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00   LV Name                LogVol00   VG Name                VolGroup00   LV UUID                bi7dmO-hRMt-00OO-ZL80-0Xax-6ol3-ieFilX   LV Write Access        read/write   LV Creation host, time rhel63-9, 2013-07-04 09:11:11 +0800   LV Status              available   # open                 0   LV Size                1.70 TiB   Current LE             445645   Segments               2   Allocation             inherit   Read ahead sectors     auto   - currently set to     256   Block device           253:0

 

格式化LV

[root@rhel63-9 ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 mke2fs 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) Filesystem label= OS type: Linux Block size=4096 (log=2) Fragment size=4096 (log=2) Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks 114089984 inodes, 456340480 blocks 22817024 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user First data block=0 Maximum filesystem blocks=4294967296 13927 block groups 32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group 8192 inodes per group Superblock backups stored on blocks:         32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632, 2654208,         4096000, 7962624, 11239424, 20480000, 23887872, 71663616, 78675968,         102400000, 214990848   Writing inode tables: done                             Creating journal (32768 blocks): done Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done   This filesystem will be automatically checked every 38 mounts or 180 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

 

挂载LV

[root@rhel63-9 ~]# cd /  [root@rhel63-9 /]# mkdir data [root@rhel63-9 /]# mount /dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 /data [root@rhel63-9 /]# df -kh Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda1              97G   96G     0 100% / tmpfs                  64G     0   64G   0% /dev/shm /dev/mapper/VolGroup00-LogVol00                       1.7T  196M  1.6T   1% /data