15分钟熟悉HBase Shell命令
下面我们看看HBase Shell的一些基本操作命令，我列出了几个常用的HBase Shell命令，如下：
| 名称 |
命令表达式 |
| 创建表 |
create '表名称', '列名称1','列名称2','列名称N' |
| 添加记录 |
put '表名称', '行名称', '列名称:', '值' |
| 查看记录 |
get '表名称', '行名称' |
| 查看表中的记录总数 |
count '表名称' |
| 删除记录 |
delete '表名' ,'行名称' , '列名称' |
| 删除一张表 |
先要屏蔽该表，才能对该表进行删除，第一步 disable '表名称' 第二步 drop '表名称' |
| 查看所有记录 |
scan "表名称" |
| 查看某个表某个列中所有数据 |
scan "表名称" , ['列名称:'] |
| 更新记录 |
就是重写一遍进行覆盖 |
一、一般操作
1.查询服务器状态
hbase(main):011:0> status1 active master, 0 backup masters, 1 servers, 0 dead, 4.0000 average load
2.查询版本
hbase(main):012:0> version1.2.1, r8d8a7107dc4ccbf36a92f64675dc60392f85c015, Wed Mar 30 11:19:21 CDT 2016
二、DDL操作
1.创建一个表
hbase(main):013:0> create 'table','column_famaly','column_famaly1','column_famaly2'0 row(s) in 94.9160 seconds
=> Hbase::Table - table
2.列出所有表
hbase(main):014:0> listTABLE
stu
table
test
3 row(s) in 0.0570 seconds
=> ["stu", "table", "test"]
3.获得表的描述
hbase(main):015:0> describe 'table'Table table is ENABLED
table
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{NAME => 'column_famaly', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW', R
EPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '1', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS =>
'0', TTL => 'FOREVER', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN_
MEMORY => 'false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}
{NAME => 'column_famaly1', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW',
REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '1', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS =
> '0', TTL => 'FOREVER', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN
_MEMORY => 'false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}
{NAME => 'column_famaly2', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW',
REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '1', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS =
> '0', TTL => 'FOREVER', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN
_MEMORY => 'false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}
3 row(s) in 0.0430 seconds
4.删除一个列族 alter,disable，enable
hbase(main):016:0> alter 'table',{NAME=>'column_famaly',METHOD=>'delete'}Updating all regions with the new schema...
1/1 regions updated.
Done.
0 row(s) in 3.0220 seconds
hbase(main):018:0> describe 'table'
Table table is ENABLED
table
COLUMN FAMILIES DESCRIPTION
{NAME => 'column_famaly1', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW',
REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '1', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS =
> '0', TTL => 'FOREVER', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN
_MEMORY => 'false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}
{NAME => 'column_famaly2', DATA_BLOCK_ENCODING => 'NONE', BLOOMFILTER => 'ROW',
REPLICATION_SCOPE => '0', VERSIONS => '1', COMPRESSION => 'NONE', MIN_VERSIONS =
> '0', TTL => 'FOREVER', KEEP_DELETED_CELLS => 'FALSE', BLOCKSIZE => '65536', IN
_MEMORY => 'false', BLOCKCACHE => 'true'}
2 row(s) in 0.0520 seconds
5.drop一个表
ERROR: Table stu is enabled. Disable it first.
Here is some help for this command:
Drop the named table. Table must first be disabled:
hbase> drop 't1'
hbase> drop 'ns1:t1'
报错了，因为要把表格设置为disable
6.把表设置为disable
hbase(main):020:0> disable 'stu'0 row(s) in 2.3150 seconds
再删除一个表
hbase(main):021:0> drop 'stu'
0 row(s) in 1.2820 seconds
列出所有表
hbase(main):022:0> list
TABLE
table
test
2 row(s) in 0.0240 seconds
=> ["table", "test"]
7.查询表是否存在
hbase(main):023:0> exists 'stu'Table stu does not exist
0 row(s) in 0.0380 seconds
hbase(main):024:0> exists 'table'
Table table does exist
0 row(s) in 0.0280 seconds
8.判断表是否enable
hbase(main):025:0> is_enabled 'table'true
0 row(s) in 0.0150 seconds
9.判断表是否disable
hbase(main):026:0> is_disabled 'table'false
0 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds
把表设为disable
hbase(main):027:0> disable 'table'
0 row(s) in 33.2980 seconds
hbase(main):028:0> is_disabled 'table'
true
0 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds
三、DML操作
1.插入几条记录
hbase(main):029:0> put 'table','id','column_famaly1:name','tanggao'ERROR: Failed 1 action: NotServingRegionException: 1 time,
Here is some help for this command:
Put a cell 'value' at specified table/row/column and optionally
timestamp coordinates. To put a cell value into table 'ns1:t1' or 't1'
at row 'r1' under column 'c1' marked with the time 'ts1', do:
hbase> put 'ns1:t1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value'
hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value'
hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', ts1
hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', {ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}
hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', ts1, {ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}
hbase> put 't1', 'r1', 'c1', 'value', ts1, {VISIBILITY=>'PRIVATE|SECRET'}
The same commands also can be run on a table reference. Suppose you had a reference
t to table 't1', the corresponding command would be:
hbase> t.put 'r1', 'c1', 'value', ts1, {ATTRIBUTES=>{'mykey'=>'myvalue'}}
报错了,因为要把表设为enable
hbase(main):030:0> enable 'table'
0 row(s) in 1.3620 seconds
插入几条记录
hbase(main):031:0> put 'table','id','column_famaly1:name','tanggao'
0 row(s) in 0.0460 seconds
hbase(main):032:0> put 'table','id','column_famaly1:age','20'
0 row(s) in 0.0150 seconds
hbase(main):033:0> put 'table','id','column_famaly1:sex','boy'
0 row(s) in 0.0190 seconds
2.获取一条数据
获取一个id的所有数据
hbase(main):034:0> get 'table','id'COLUMN CELL
column_famaly1:age timestamp=1463055735107, value=20
column_famaly1:name timestamp=1463055709542, value=tanggao
column_famaly1:sex timestamp=1463055753395, value=boy
3 row(s) in 0.3200 seconds
获取一个id，一个列族的所有数据
hbase(main):035:0> get 'table','id','column_famaly1'COLUMN CELL
column_famaly1:age timestamp=1463055735107, value=20
column_famaly1:name timestamp=1463055709542, value=tanggao
column_famaly1:sex timestamp=1463055753395, value=boy
3 row(s) in 0.0270 seconds
获取一个id，一个列族中一个列的所有数据
hbase(main):036:0> get 'table','id','column_famaly1:name'COLUMN CELL
column_famaly1:name timestamp=1463055709542, value=tanggao
1 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds
3.更新一条记录
把id的age修改为22hbase(main):037:0> put 'table','id','column_famaly1:age','22'
0 row(s) in 0.0160 seconds
hbase(main):038:0> get 'table','id','column_famaly1:age'
COLUMN CELL
column_famaly1:age timestamp=1463055893492, value=22
1 row(s) in 0.0190 seconds
4.通过timestamp来获取两个版本的数据
hbase(main):039:0>
get 'table','id',{COLUMN=>'column_famaly1:age',TIMESTAMP=>1463055735107}
COLUMN CELL
column_famaly1:age timestamp=1463055735107, value=20
1 row(s) in 0.0340 seconds
hbase(main):040:0> get 'table','id',{COLUMN=>'column_famaly1:age',TIMESTAMP=>1463055893492}
COLUMN CELL
column_famaly1:age timestamp=1463055893492, value=22
1 row(s) in 0.0140 seconds
5.全表扫描
hbase(main):041:0> scan 'table'ROW COLUMN+CELL
id column=column_famaly1:age, timestamp=1463055893492, value=
22
id column=column_famaly1:name, timestamp=1463055709542, value
=tanggao
id column=column_famaly1:sex, timestamp=1463055753395, value=
boy
1 row(s) in 0.1520 seconds
6.删除行健为id的值的‘column_famaly1:age’字段
hbase(main):042:0> delete 'table','id','column_famaly1:age'0 row(s) in 0.0200 seconds
hbase(main):043:0> get 'table','id'
COLUMN CELL
column_famaly1:name timestamp=1463055709542, value=tanggao
column_famaly1:sex timestamp=1463055753395, value=boy
2 row(s) in 0.2430 seconds
7.删除整行
hbase(main):044:0> deleteall 'table','id'0 row(s) in 0.0550 seconds
8.查询表中有多少行
hbase(main):045:0> count 'table'0 row(s) in 0.0450 seconds
=> 0
再插入几条记录
hbase(main):046:0> put 'table','id','column_famaly1:age','20'0 row(s) in 0.0160 seconds
hbase(main):047:0> put 'table','id','column_famaly1:name','tanggao'
0 row(s) in 0.0120 seconds
hbase(main):048:0> put 'table','id','column_famaly2:name','tanggao2'
0 row(s) in 0.0120 seconds
hbase(main):001:0> put 'table','id','column_famaly2:age','22'
0 row(s) in 0.4690 seconds
9.给‘id’这个行健增加'column_famaly1:addr'字段，并使用counter实现递增
hbase(main):002:0> incr 'table','id','column_famaly1:addr'COUNTER VALUE = 1
0 row(s) in 0.0340 seconds
hbase(main):003:0> incr 'table','id','column_famaly1:addr'
COUNTER VALUE = 2
0 row(s) in 9.6250 seconds
hbase(main):004:0> get 'table','id','column_famaly1:addr'
COLUMN CELL
column_famaly1:addr timestamp=1463056705124, value=\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x0
0\x02
1 row(s) in 0.3930 seconds
hbase(main):005:0> incr 'table','id','column_famaly1:addr'
COUNTER VALUE = 3
0 row(s) in 7.3880 seconds
10.获取当前count的值
hbase(main):006:0> get_counter 'table','id','column_famaly1:addr'COUNTER VALUE = 3
11.将整张表清空
hbase(main):007:0> truncate 'table'Truncating 'table' table (it may take a while):
- Disabling table...
- Truncating table...
0 row(s) in 4.1510 seconds
hbase(main):008:0>