C++中用TinyXML对XML文件进行解析

最近老师要求的一个项目中需要在C++对XML文件进行解析,原来只在JAVA中做过类似的解析,然后上了某度了一下,最后搜了一篇关于TinyXML的博客,地址如下:http://blog.csdn.net/mhapdream/article/details/9088363

感觉TinyXML比较好用,准备用它来解析.

TinyXML下载地址:http://sourceforge.net/projects/tinyxml/

下载下来后,只需要将tinyxml.h、tinystr.h、tinystr.cpp、tinyxml.cpp、tinyxmlerror.cpp、tinyxmlparser.cpp这五文件导入工程即可.

下面举两个例,这两个例子基本囊括XML的一些操作:

#include <iostream>
#include "tinyxml.h"
#include "tinystr.h"
#include <string>
#include <windows.h>
#include <atlstr.h>
using namespace std;

CString GetAppPath()
{//获取应用程序根目录
	TCHAR modulePath[MAX_PATH];
	GetModuleFileName(NULL, modulePath, MAX_PATH);
	CString strModulePath(modulePath);
	strModulePath = strModulePath.Left(strModulePath.ReverseFind(_T('\\')));
	return strModulePath;
}

bool CreateXmlFile(string& szFileName)
{//创建xml文件,szFilePath为文件保存的路径,若创建成功返回true,否则false
	try
	{
		//创建一个XML的文档对象。
		TiXmlDocument *myDocument = new TiXmlDocument();
		//创建一个根元素并连接。
		TiXmlElement *RootElement = new TiXmlElement("Persons");
		myDocument->LinkEndChild(RootElement);
		//创建一个Person元素并连接。
		TiXmlElement *PersonElement = new TiXmlElement("Person");
		RootElement->LinkEndChild(PersonElement);
		//设置Person元素的属性。
		PersonElement->SetAttribute("ID", "1");
		//创建name元素、age元素并连接。
		TiXmlElement *NameElement = new TiXmlElement("name");
		TiXmlElement *AgeElement = new TiXmlElement("age");
		PersonElement->LinkEndChild(NameElement);
		PersonElement->LinkEndChild(AgeElement);
		//设置name元素和age元素的内容并连接。
		TiXmlText *NameContent = new TiXmlText("周星星");
		TiXmlText *AgeContent = new TiXmlText("22");
		NameElement->LinkEndChild(NameContent);
		AgeElement->LinkEndChild(AgeContent);
		CString appPath = GetAppPath();
		string seperator = "\\";
		string fullPath = appPath.GetBuffer(0) +seperator+szFileName;
		myDocument->SaveFile(fullPath.c_str());//保存到文件
	}
	catch (string& e)
	{
		return false;
	}
	return true;
}

bool ReadXmlFile(string& szFileName)
{//读取Xml文件，并遍历
	try
	{
		CString appPath = GetAppPath();
		string seperator = "\\";
		string fullPath = appPath.GetBuffer(0) +seperator+szFileName;
		//创建一个XML的文档对象。
		TiXmlDocument *myDocument = new TiXmlDocument(fullPath.c_str());
		myDocument->LoadFile();
		//获得根元素，即Persons。
		TiXmlElement *RootElement = myDocument->RootElement();
		//输出根元素名称，即输出Persons。
		cout << RootElement->Value() << endl;
		//获得第一个Person节点。
		TiXmlElement *FirstPerson = RootElement->FirstChildElement();
		//获得第一个Person的name节点和age节点和ID属性。
		TiXmlElement *NameElement = FirstPerson->FirstChildElement();
		TiXmlElement *AgeElement = NameElement->NextSiblingElement();
		TiXmlAttribute *IDAttribute = FirstPerson->FirstAttribute();
		//输出第一个Person的name内容，即周星星；age内容，即；ID属性，即。
		cout << NameElement->FirstChild()->Value() << endl;
		cout << AgeElement->FirstChild()->Value() << endl;
		cout << IDAttribute->Value()<< endl;
	}
	catch (string& e)
	{
		return false;
	}
	return true;
}
int main()
{
	string fileName = "info.xml";
	CreateXmlFile(fileName);
	ReadXmlFile(fileName);
}

生成的XML文件如下:

运行结果如下:

第二个例子比较全面:

#include <string>
#include <list>
#include <map>
#include "tinyxml.h"

using namespace std;

typedef std::map<std::string,std::string> MessageMap;

// a basic window abstraction - demo purposes only
class WindowSettings
{
public:
	int x,y,w,h;
	string name;

	WindowSettings()
		: x(0), y(0), w(100), h(100), name("Untitled")
	{
	}

	WindowSettings(int x, int y, int w, int h, const string& name)
	{
		this->x=x;
		this->y=y;
		this->w=w;
		this->h=h;
		this->name=name;
	}
};

class ConnectionSettings
{
public:
	string ip;
	double timeout;
};

class AppSettings
{
public:
	string m_name;
	MessageMap m_messages;
	list<WindowSettings> m_windows;
	ConnectionSettings m_connection;

	AppSettings() {}

	void save(const char* pFilename);
	void load(const char* pFilename);

	// just to show how to do it
	void setDemoValues()
	{
		m_name="MyApp";
		m_messages.clear();
		m_messages["Welcome"]="Welcome to "+m_name;
		m_messages["Farewell"]="Thank you for using "+m_name;
		m_windows.clear();
		m_windows.push_back(WindowSettings(15,15,400,250,"Main"));
		m_connection.ip="Unknown";
		m_connection.timeout=123.456;
	}
};

void AppSettings::save(const char* pFilename)
{

	TiXmlDocument doc;  
	TiXmlElement* msg;
	TiXmlDeclaration* decl = new TiXmlDeclaration( "1.0", "", "" );  
	doc.LinkEndChild( decl );  

	TiXmlElement * root = new TiXmlElement( this->m_name.c_str() );  
	doc.LinkEndChild( root );  

	TiXmlComment * comment = new TiXmlComment();
	comment->SetValue(" Settings for MyApp " );  
	root->LinkEndChild( comment );  

	TiXmlElement * msgs = new TiXmlElement( "Messages" );  
	root->LinkEndChild( msgs );  

	msg = new TiXmlElement( "Welcome" );  
	msg->LinkEndChild( new TiXmlText( this->m_messages["Welcome"].c_str() ));  
	msgs->LinkEndChild( msg );  

	msg = new TiXmlElement( "Farewell" );  
	msg->LinkEndChild( new TiXmlText( this->m_messages["Farewell"].c_str() ));  
	msgs->LinkEndChild( msg );  

	TiXmlElement * windows = new TiXmlElement( "Windows" );  
	root->LinkEndChild( windows );  


	for(list<WindowSettings>::iterator iter = m_windows.begin(); iter != m_windows.end(); iter++)
	{
		TiXmlElement * window;
		window = new TiXmlElement( "Window" );  
		windows->LinkEndChild( window );  
		window->SetAttribute("name", iter->name.c_str());
		window->SetAttribute("x", iter->x);
		window->SetAttribute("y", iter->y);
		window->SetAttribute("w", iter->w);
		window->SetAttribute("h", iter->h);
	}

	TiXmlElement * cxn = new TiXmlElement( "Connection" );  
	root->LinkEndChild( cxn );  
	cxn->SetAttribute("ip", m_connection.ip.c_str());
	cxn->SetDoubleAttribute("timeout", m_connection.timeout); // floating point attrib

	doc.SaveFile(pFilename);  
}
void AppSettings::load(const char* pFilename)
{
	TiXmlDocument doc(pFilename);
	if (!doc.LoadFile()) return;

	TiXmlHandle hDoc(&doc);
	TiXmlElement* pElem;
	TiXmlHandle hRoot(0);

	// block: name
	{
		pElem=hDoc.FirstChildElement().Element();
		// should always have a valid root but handle gracefully if it does
		if (!pElem) return;
		m_name=pElem->Value();

		// save this for later
		hRoot=TiXmlHandle(pElem);
	}

	// block: string table
	{
		m_messages.clear(); // trash existing table

		pElem=hRoot.FirstChild( "Messages" ).FirstChild().Element();
		for( pElem; pElem; pElem=pElem->NextSiblingElement())
		{
			const char *pKey=pElem->Value();
			const char *pText=pElem->GetText();
			if (pKey && pText) 
			{
				m_messages[pKey]=pText;
			}
		}
	}

	// block: windows
	{
		m_windows.clear(); // trash existing list

		TiXmlElement* pWindowNode=hRoot.FirstChild( "Windows" ).FirstChild().Element();
		for( pWindowNode; pWindowNode; pWindowNode=pWindowNode->NextSiblingElement())
		{
			WindowSettings w;
			const char *pName=pWindowNode->Attribute("name");
			if (pName) w.name=pName;

			pWindowNode->QueryIntAttribute("x", &w.x); // If this fails, original value is left as-is
			pWindowNode->QueryIntAttribute("y", &w.y);
			pWindowNode->QueryIntAttribute("w", &w.w);
			pWindowNode->QueryIntAttribute("hh", &w.h);

			m_windows.push_back(w);
		}
	}

	// block: connection
	{
		pElem=hRoot.FirstChild("Connection").Element();
		if (pElem)
		{
			m_connection.ip=pElem->Attribute("ip");
			pElem->QueryDoubleAttribute("timeout",&m_connection.timeout);
		}
	}
}
int main(void)
{
	// block: customise and save settings
	{
		AppSettings settings;
		settings.m_name="HitchHikerApp";
		settings.m_messages["Welcome"]="Don't Panic";
		settings.m_messages["Farewell"]="Thanks for all the fish";
		settings.m_windows.push_back(WindowSettings(15,25,300,250,"BookFrame"));
		settings.m_windows.push_back(WindowSettings(5,5,350,50,"BookFrame2"));
		settings.m_connection.ip="192.168.0.77";
		settings.m_connection.timeout=42.0;

		settings.save("appsettings2.xml");
	}

	// block: load settings
	{
		AppSettings settings;
		settings.load("appsettings2.xml");
		printf("%s: %s\n", settings.m_name.c_str(), 
			settings.m_messages["Welcome"].c_str());
		for(list<WindowSettings>::iterator iter = settings.m_windows.begin(); iter != settings.m_windows.end(); iter++)
		{
			printf("%s: Show window '%s' at %d,%d (%d x %d)\n", 
				settings.m_name.c_str(), iter->name.c_str(), iter->x, iter->y, iter->w, iter->h);
		}
		printf("%s: %s\n", settings.m_name.c_str(), settings.m_messages["Farewell"].c_str());
	}
	return 0;
}

生成的XML文件如下:

运行结果如下: