OpenCV中Mat数据结构使用举例

#include "stdafx.h"

#include <string>
#include <iostream>

#include <opencv2/opencv.hpp>

using namespace std;
using namespace cv;

int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
//创建一个用1+3j填充的 7 x 7 复矩阵-----1
Mat M(7, 7, CV_32FC2, Scalar(1,3));

//现在将 M转换为100 x 60的CV_8UC(15)的矩阵,旧内容将会被释放
M.create(100, 60, CV_8UC(15));//不能为矩阵设置初值

//第 5行，乘以 3，加到第 3 行，
M.row(3) = M.row(3) + M.row (5) * 3;

//现在将第7列复制到第1列, M.col(1) = M.col(7);//这个不能实现,对列操作时要新建一个Mat
Mat M1 = M.col(1);
M.col(7).copyTo(M1);

//创建一种新的 320 x 240 图像-----2
Mat img(Size(320,240), CV_8UC3, Scalar::all(255));

string strWindowName = "ShowImage";

namedWindow(strWindowName, WINDOW_AUTOSIZE);
imshow(strWindowName, img);
waitKey(0);

//选择ROI(region of interest)
Mat roi(img, Rect(10, 10, 100, 100));

//填充 （0,255,0） 的ROI （这是RGB 空间中的绿色),320 x 240 原始图像将被修改
roi = Scalar(0, 255, 0) ;

imshow(strWindowName, img);
waitKey(0);

//获取数组中的子块-----3
Mat A = Mat::eye(10, 10, CV_32S);

//提取 A 的1 （含）到 3 （不包含）列
Mat B = A(Range::all(), Range(1, 3));

//提取 B 的5 （含）到 9 （不包含）行,即 C ~ A（Range（5,9）,Range （1,3））
Mat C = B(Range(5, 9), Range::all());

Size size;
Point ofs;

C.locateROI(size, ofs);//使用locateROI() 计算子数组在主容器数组中的相对的位置
cout<<size.width<<"  "<<size.height<<"  "<<ofs.x<<"  "<<ofs.y<<endl;

//快速初始化小矩阵-----4
double m[3][3] = {{1, 2, 3}, {1, 2, 5}, {3, 4, 6}};

Mat M2 = Mat(3, 3, CV_64F, m);//.inv();

Mat E = Mat::eye(4, 4, CV_64F);    
cout<<"E = "<<endl<<" "<<E<<endl;

Mat O = Mat::ones(2, 2, CV_32F);    
cout<<"O = "<<endl<<" "<<O<<endl;

Mat Z = Mat::zeros(3,3, CV_8UC1);
cout<<"Z = "<<endl<<" "<<Z<<endl;

//IplImage、Mat、CvMat互转-----5
IplImage *img1 = cvLoadImage("aa.jpg", 2 | 4);

Mat mtx(img1);//IplImage *-> Mat,新的Mat类型与原来的IplImage类型共享图像数据，转换只是创建一个Mat矩阵头// or : Mat mtx = img1;

CvMat oldmat = mtx;//Mat-> CvMat //只是创建矩阵头，而没有复制数据,oldmat不用手动释放

CV_Assert((oldmat.cols == img1->width) && (oldmat.rows == img1->height) && (oldmat.data.ptr == (uchar *)img1->imageData) && (oldmat.step == img1->widthStep));

imshow(strWindowName, mtx);
waitKey(0);

cvNamedWindow(strWindowName.c_str(), 0);
cvShowImage(strWindowName.c_str(), &oldmat);
cvWaitKey(0);

IplImage img2 = mtx;//Mat->IplImage //只是创建图像头，而没有复制数据,img2不用手动释放

cvShowImage(strWindowName.c_str(), &img2);
cvWaitKey(0);

Mat mat3(&oldmat);//CvMat->Mat

imshow(strWindowName, mat3);
waitKey(0);

cvDestroyWindow(strWindowName.c_str());
cvReleaseImage(&img1);

//创建 3 x 3 双精度恒等矩阵-----6
Mat M3 = (Mat_ <double>(3,3) <<1,0,0, 0,1,0, 0,0,1);

//访问数组元素-----7
M2.at<double>(0, 0) += 10.f;

double sum = 0;//计算元素和,方法一

for (int i=0; i<M2.rows; i++)
{
const double *Mi = M2.ptr<double>(i) ;

for (int j=0; j<M2.cols; j++)
{
sum += std::max(Mi[j], 0.);
}
}
cout<<sum<<endl;

sum = 0;//计算元素和,方法二

int cols =M2.cols, rows = M2.rows ;

if (M2.isContinuous())
{
cols *= rows;

rows = 1 ;
}

for (int i=0; i<rows; i++)
{
const double *Mi = M2.ptr <double>(i);

for (int j=0; j<cols; j++)
{
sum += std::max(Mi[j], 0.);
}
}
cout<<sum<<endl;

sum = 0;//计算元素和,方法三

MatConstIterator_<double>  it = M2.begin<double>(), it_end = M2.end<double>();

for(; it != it_end; ++it)
{
sum += std::max(*it, 0.);
}
cout<<sum<<endl;


return 0;

}

参考文献:

1、 http://blog.csdn.net/giantchen547792075/article/details/7061391

2、 http://blog.csdn.net/giantchen547792075/article/details/7169255

3、 http://blog.csdn.net/giantchen547792075/article/details/7318415

4、 http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_534497fd01015k7z.html

5、 http://blog.csdn.net/wobuaishangdiao/article/details/7754580

6、 http://blog.csdn.net/yang_xian521/article/details/7107786

7、 http://blog.csdn.net/yang_xian521/article/details/7161335

8、 http://blog.csdn.net/caiye917015406/article/details/7791815