oracle体系结构

oracle 笔记：

unix 命令：ipcs

sql语句： show sga

                    --查看granule_size  

                    select component,granule_size  from v$sga_dynamic_components

                  alter system  set shared_pool_size = 64m;

                 

                 select  name,value from v$parameter;

                 show parameter pag

               --根据pfile创建spfile

    create spfile from pfile;

    create spfile='$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/spfileTS.ora'  from pfile=''$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initTS.ora'

--根据spfile创建pfile

   create pfile from spfile;

  --修改spfile参数

    alter system set parameter=value <comment='text'>  <deferred>  <scope=memory|spfile|both>  <sid='sid|*'>

     如：alter system set fast_start_mttr_target =300;

              alter system set fast_start_mttr_target =300 comment='hello TS';

              select name,value,update_comment from v$parameter where name ='fast_start_mttr_target';

   --延迟加载的参数

              select name,issys_modifiable from v$parameter where issys_modifiable='DEFERRED';

 

    -- deleting or resetting values

              alter system set undo_suppress_errors=true;

              alter system reset undo_suppress_errors  scope=spfile sid='*';;

Backgroup Process

   1、Mandatory background Process

         DBWn  PMON   CKPT  LGWR  SMON

   2、Optional background Process

         ARCn   LMDn   QMNn   CJQ0   LMON  RECO 

         Dnnn   LMS  Snnn   LCKn     Pnnn

Non-interactive Installation

  ./runInstaller -responsefile myrespfile -silent

    myrespfile 示例：/home/oracle/database/response/enterprise.rsp

三、   Managing an Oracle Instance

1、ORACLE启动
    startup pfile=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/abc123.ora

2、ORACLE启动状态：shutdown   ----------->nomount -------------->mount ---------------->open

查看数据库处于什么状态：select  open_mode from v$database;

startup nomount  (Instance started)

alter database mount;(Control file opened for this instance)

alter database open;(All files opened as described by the control file for this instance)

3、   restrict状态

alter system enable restricted session;

select saddr,sid,serial# from v$session;

select sid,serial#,username from v$session;

alter system kill session '16,5';

4、   read-only状态

 startup mount;

alter database open read only;

  5、更改session的sql_trace

alter session set sql_trace=true;

       

6、查看user状态并打开

select username ,account_status from dba_users;

alter user scott account unlock;

alter user hr identified by hr;           --修改密码

四、     Creating a Database

1、创建oracle认证用户密码

orapwd file=orapwTS password=sunlin entries=10

2、

3、

(1) lin.env

 ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/db
ORACLE_SID=lin
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

export ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID PATH LD_LIBRARY_PATH

(2)initlin.ora

lin.__db_cache_size=197132288
lin.__java_pool_size=4194304
lin.__large_pool_size=4194304
lin.__shared_pool_size=75497472
lin.__streams_pool_size=0
audit_file_dest='/home/oracle/admin/lin/adump' 
background_dump_dest='/home/oracle/admin/lin/bdump'
compatible='10.2.0.1.0'
control_files='/home/oracle/oradata/lin/control01.ctl','/home/oracle/oradata/lin/control02.ctl','/home/oracle/oradata/lin
/control03.ctl' 
core_dump_dest='/home/oracle/admin/lin/cdump'
db_block_size=8192
db_domain=''
db_file_multiblock_read_count=16
db_name='lin' 
db_recovery_file_dest='/home/oracle/flash_recovery_area'
db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648
dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=linXDB)'
job_queue_processes=10
nls_language='AMERICAN' 
open_cursors=300
pga_aggregate_target=94371840
processes=150 
remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'
sga_target=285212672
undo_management='AUTO'

undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'
user_dump_dest='/home/oracle/admin/lin/udump'

(3) 创建目录

(4)crdb01.sql   ------创建数据库语句

pool dbcreate.log


CREATE DATABASE "lin"
        MAXDATAFILES 500
        MAXINSTANCES 8
        MAXLOGFILES  32
        CHARACTER SET "UTF8"
        NATIONAL CHARACTER SET AL16UTF16
        ARCHIVELOG
        DATAFILE
                '/home/oracle/oradata/lin/system01.dbf' size 300m
        EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL
        DEFAULT TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp TEMPFILE '/home/oracle/oradata/lin/tempts01.dbf' SIZE 100M EXTENT MANAGEMENT LO
CAL
        UNDO TABLESPACE "UNDOTBS1"
        DATAFILE '/home/oracle/oradata/lin/undotbs01.dbf' SIZE 200M
        SYSAUX DATAFILE '/home/oracle/oradata/lin/sysaux01.dbf' SIZE 300M
        LOGFILE
    GROUP 1 (
        '/home/oracle/oradata/lin/redo01a.rdo',
        '/home/oracle/oradata/lin/redo01b.rdo'
    ) SIZE 100M,
    GROUP 2 (
        '/home/oracle/oradata/lin/redo02a.rdo',
        '/home/oracle/oradata/lin/redo02b.rdo'
    ) SIZE 100M,

GROUP 3 (
        '/home/oracle/oradata/lin/redo03a.rdo',
        '/home/oracle/oradata/lin/redo03b.rdo'
    ) SIZE 100M
;

(5)生成orapw文件

orapw file=orapwlin password=sunlin entries=10

(6)执行生成数据库语句

sql>@$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/crdb01.sql

sql>@?/rdbms/admin/catalog.sql

sql>@?/rdbms/admin/catproc.sql

sql>@?/rdbms/admin/catclust.sql

  

一、

1、ORACLE启动

    startup pfile=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/abc123.ora

2、ORACLE启动状态：shutdown   ----------->nomount -------------->mount ---------------->open

一、

1、ORACLE启动

    startup pfile=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/abc123.ora

2、ORACLE启动状态：shutdown   ----------->nomount -------------->mount ---------------->open