Asp.Net2.0的客户端回调是一种很让人激动的方法,他能够让我们控制要提交什么数据给服务器而不用提交整个页面,同时服务器也只返回你所需要的数据而不要发回整个页面。
首先我们要说一个很重要的方法:GetCallbackEventRefernce.
GetCallbackEventReference首先实现让客户端脚本有能力传递参数给服务器端的RaiseCallbackEvent方法,然后返回RaiseCallBackEvent方法的值给你在GetCallbackEventRefernce方法中注册的一个参数(其实也是一个你要在客户端写的脚本)。调用GetCallbackEventRefernce你必须从客户端脚本中传递给他两个参数,一个是要传递给RaiseCallbackEvent事件的值,一个是context.
他的参数意义如下:
第一个:实现了ICallbackEventHandler借口的页面或者服务器控件,写this代表但前页面。
第二个:代表你从要从客户端传递给服务器RaiseCallbackEvent方法的值
第三个:你要在客户端写的一个js函数,同时,服务器也会把计算得到的数据传递给这个函数做为这个函数的参数。
第四个:context具体什么意思我也不太清楚GetCallbackEventRefernce发送到了客户、端的代码是这样的:
WebForm_DoCallback('__Page',arg,ReceiveServerData,context,null,false)
那么我们要怎么样做才能够从客户端调用他呢?看到了三中方法:
第一种:在后台写个public string,在Page_Load中给他赋值为:=Page.ClientScript.GetCallbackEventReference(this, "message", "ShowServerTime", "context");注意在这里是Page.ClientScrip,因为他会返回个ClientScriptManager,ClientScriptManager管理所有的客户端脚本。然后在前台某个按钮的onclick事件里.做个小实验代码如下:
前台ServerTime.aspx:为了方便去掉好多没用的html
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<title></title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function GetServerTime()
{
CallBackResult("擦干你的泪水");
}
function ShowServerTime(timeMessage, context) {
alert('现在服务器上的时间是: ' + timeMessage);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<input type="button" value="得到服务器端时间" onclick="GetServerTime();" />
<asp:Label ID="lbltime" runat="server"></asp:Label>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<title></title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function GetServerTime()
{
CallBackResult("擦干你的泪水");
}
function ShowServerTime(timeMessage, context) {
alert('现在服务器上的时间是: ' + timeMessage);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<input type="button" value="得到服务器端时间" onclick="GetServerTime();" />
<asp:Label ID="lbltime" runat="server"></asp:Label>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
<title></title>
<script type="text/javascript">
function GetServerTime()
{
CallBackResult("擦干你的泪水");
}
function ShowServerTime(timeMessage, context) {
alert('现在服务器上的时间是: ' + timeMessage);
}
</script>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<input type="button" value="得到服务器端时间" onclick="GetServerTime();" />
<asp:Label ID="lbltime" runat="server"></asp:Label>
</div>
</form>
</body>
</html>
后台:
public partial class AspAjax : System.Web.UI.Page, ICallbackEventHandler
{
public string sCallBackFunctionInvocation;
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
sCallBackFunctionInvocation = Page.ClientScript.GetCallbackEventReference(this, "arg", "ShowServerTime", "context");
string ScriptFunction = "function CallBackResult(arg, context) { " + sCallBackFunctionInvocation + "} ;";
Page.ClientScript.RegisterClientScriptBlock(this.GetType(),
"CallServer", ScriptFunction, true);
}
String returnValue;
public string GetCallbackResult()
{
return returnValue;
}
public void RaiseCallbackEvent(string eventArgument)
{
returnValue = eventArgument + DateTime.Now.ToString();
}
}
一个 string GetCallbackResult 和 void RaiseCallbackEvent 搞定!
--------------------------------------
再给大家一个例子:
前台:
DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML
1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head id="Head1" runat="server">
<script type="text/javascript">
function LookUpStock()
...{
var lb = document.forms[0].ListBox1;
var product = lb.options[lb.selectedIndex].text
CallServer(product, "");
}
function ReceiveServerData(rValue)
...{
Results.innerText = rValue;
}
script>
head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server">
<div>
<asp:ListBox ID="ListBox1" Runat="server">asp:ListBox>
<br />
<br />
<button onclick="LookUpStock()">Look Up Stockbutton>
<br />
<br />
Items in stock: <span ID="Results">span>
<br />
div>
form>
body>
html>
后台:
using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Configuration;
using System.Collections;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Security;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;
using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;
public partial class Exp2 : System.Web.UI.Page, System.Web.UI.ICallbackEventHandler
...{
protected System.Collections.Specialized.ListDictionary catalog;
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
...{
String cbReference =
Page.ClientScript.GetCallbackEventReference(this,
"arg", "ReceiveServerData", "context");
String callbackScript;
callbackScript = "function CallServer(arg, context)" +
"{ " + cbReference + "} ;";
Page.ClientScript.RegisterClientScriptBlock(this.GetType(),
"CallServer", callbackScript, true);
catalog = new System.Collections.Specialized.ListDictionary();
catalog.Add("monitor", 12);
catalog.Add("laptop", 10);
catalog.Add("keyboard", 23);
catalog.Add("mouse", 17);
ListBox1.DataSource = catalog;
ListBox1.DataTextField = "key";
ListBox1.DataBind();
}
string earg = "";
//#region ICallbackEventHandler 成员
public string GetCallbackResult()
...{
String returnValue;
if (catalog[earg] == null)
...{
returnValue = "-1";
}
else
...{
returnValue = catalog[earg].ToString();
}
return returnValue;
}
public void RaiseCallbackEvent(string eventArgument)
...{
//throw new Exception("The method or operation is not implemented.");
earg = eventArgument;
}
//#endregion
}