Matlab绘图笔记：只给纵坐标加grid线，横坐标和刻度保持不变（2个坐标轴叠加）

问题描述：想把下面左图matlab默认的方框刻度绘制成右图box off刻度在外面的效果。（只显示纵坐标的坐标线为灰色，X坐标轴不变，y轴的lable也不会随着y轴的grid改变。主要看坐标轴的变化，因为这里线条是随机的，每次都不一样！）

实现代码：

function [ ] = gridLine( )

%绘制一条随机，浅蓝色，粗细为3像素的线条
plot(11:20, rand(10,1)*5,'color',[0 0.6 1],'LineWidth',3)

%get a handle to first axis
hAx1 = gca;   

%create a second transparent axis, same position/extents, same ticks and labels
hAx2 = axes('Position',get(hAx1,'Position'), ...
    'Color','none', 'Box','off', ...
    'XTickLabel',get(hAx1,'XTickLabel'), 'YTickLabel',get(hAx1,'YTickLabel'), ...
    'XTick',get(hAx1,'XTick'), 'YTick',get(hAx1,'YTick'), ...
    'XLim',get(hAx1,'XLim'), 'YLim',get(hAx1,'YLim'));

%show grid-lines of Y axis, give them desired color (light gray), but hide text labels
set(hAx1,'YColor',[136 136 136]/255,'YGrid','on','GridLineStyle','-','XTickLabel',[], 'YTickLabel',[], 'Box','off');

%hidden the XTick but keep the XTickLabel on axes1.
set(hAx1, 'TickLength', [0 0]);

%this is another way instead of the two lines above.
%set(hAx1,'YColor',[136 136 136]/255,'YGrid','on','GridLineStyle','-','XTickLabel',[], 'YTickLabel',[], 'Box','off', 'XTick',[]); %this also work!

%将刻度显示在框外面
set(hAx2,'TickDir','Out')

end

如果只是简单的用如下代码：

function [ ] = gridLine( )

%绘制一条随机，浅蓝色，粗细为3像素的线条
plot(11:20, rand(10,1)*5,'color',[0 0.6 1],'LineWidth',3)
 
set(gca,'YGrid','on','YColor','r');

%将刻度显示在框外面
set(gca,'TickDir','Out')

end

效果会是下图的样子 ：（整个纵坐标（刻度，lable，坐标线）都会一起变化，因为它们在matlab里面是一个整体！当然，窗口内部的纵坐标的网格线可以用上面一样的属性【'GridLineStyle','-'】从默认的dash设置为solid。）

参考文献：

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/6580274/minor-grid-with-solid-lines-grey-color

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/15529585/remove-xticks-but-keep-xticklabels-in-matlab

http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/answers/74260-xtick-visibility-off-with-xticklabel-showing