Android 的 SurfaceView 双缓冲应用

原文：http://www.oschina.net/code/snippet_54100_1422

 

     双缓冲是为了防止动画闪烁而实现的一种多线程应用，基于SurfaceView的双缓冲实现很简单，开一条线程并在其中绘图即可。本文介绍基于SurfaceView的双缓冲实现，以及介绍类似的更高效的实现方法。 

     本文程序运行截图如下，左边是开单个线程读取并绘图，右边是开两个线程，一个专门读取图片，一个专门绘图：

      对比一下，右边动画的帧速明显比左边的快，左右两者都没使用Thread.sleep()。为什么要开两个线程一个读一个画，而不去开两个线程像左边那样都 “边读边画”呢？因为SurfaceView每次绘图都会锁定Canvas,也就是说同一片区域这次没画完下次就不能画，因此要提高双缓冲的效率，就得开一条线程专门画图，开另外一条线程做预处理的工作。

 

    

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:orientation="vertical"> <LinearLayout android:id="@+id/LinearLayout01" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"> <Button android:id="@+id/Button01" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="单个独立线程"></Button> <Button android:id="@+id/Button02" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="两个独立线程"></Button> </LinearLayout> <SurfaceView android:id="@+id/SurfaceView01" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"></SurfaceView> </LinearLayout>  

package com.testSurfaceView; import java.lang.reflect.Field; import java.util.ArrayList; import android.app.Activity; import android.graphics.Bitmap; import android.graphics.BitmapFactory; import android.graphics.Canvas; import android.graphics.Paint; import android.graphics.Rect; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; import android.view.SurfaceHolder; import android.view.SurfaceView; import android.view.View; import android.widget.Button; public class TestSurfaceView extends Activity { /** Called when the activity is first created. */ Button btnSingleThread, btnDoubleThread; SurfaceView sfv; SurfaceHolder sfh; ArrayList<Integer> imgList = new ArrayList<Integer>(); int imgWidth, imgHeight; Bitmap bitmap;//独立线程读取，独立线程绘图 @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); btnSingleThread = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.Button01); btnDoubleThread = (Button) this.findViewById(R.id.Button02); btnSingleThread.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent()); btnDoubleThread.setOnClickListener(new ClickEvent()); sfv = (SurfaceView) this.findViewById(R.id.SurfaceView01); sfh = sfv.getHolder(); sfh.addCallback(new MyCallBack());// 自动运行surfaceCreated以及surfaceChanged } class ClickEvent implements View.OnClickListener { @Override public void onClick(View v) { if (v == btnSingleThread) { new Load_DrawImage(0, 0).start();//开一条线程读取并绘图 } else if (v == btnDoubleThread) { new LoadImage().start();//开一条线程读取 new DrawImage(imgWidth + 10, 0).start();//开一条线程绘图 } } } class MyCallBack implements SurfaceHolder.Callback { @Override public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) { Log.i("Surface:", "Change"); } @Override public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) { Log.i("Surface:", "Create"); // 用反射机制来获取资源中的图片ID和尺寸 Field[] fields = R.drawable.class.getDeclaredFields(); for (Field field : fields) { if (!"icon".equals(field.getName()))// 除了icon之外的图片 { int index = 0; try { index = field.getInt(R.drawable.class); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IllegalAccessException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } // 保存图片ID imgList.add(index); } } // 取得图像大小 Bitmap bmImg = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), imgList.get(0)); imgWidth = bmImg.getWidth(); imgHeight = bmImg.getHeight(); } @Override public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) { Log.i("Surface:", "Destroy"); } } /** * 读取并显示图片的线程 */ class Load_DrawImage extends Thread { int x, y; int imgIndex = 0; public Load_DrawImage(int x, int y) { this.x = x; this.y = y; } public void run() { while (true) { Canvas c = sfh.lockCanvas(new Rect(this.x, this.y, this.x + imgWidth, this.y + imgHeight)); Bitmap bmImg = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), imgList.get(imgIndex)); c.drawBitmap(bmImg, this.x, this.y, new Paint()); imgIndex++; if (imgIndex == imgList.size()) imgIndex = 0; sfh.unlockCanvasAndPost(c);// 更新屏幕显示内容 } } }; /** * 只负责绘图的线程 */ class DrawImage extends Thread { int x, y; public DrawImage(int x, int y) { this.x = x; this.y = y; } public void run() { while (true) { if (bitmap != null) {//如果图像有效 Canvas c = sfh.lockCanvas(new Rect(this.x, this.y, this.x + imgWidth, this.y + imgHeight)); c.drawBitmap(bitmap, this.x, this.y, new Paint()); sfh.unlockCanvasAndPost(c);// 更新屏幕显示内容 } } } }; /** * 只负责读取图片的线程 */ class LoadImage extends Thread { int imgIndex = 0; public void run() { while (true) { bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), imgList.get(imgIndex)); imgIndex++; if (imgIndex == imgList.size())//如果到尽头则重新读取 imgIndex = 0; } } }; }