使用带dblink方式的datapump迁移Oracle 10g到11g

      对于从Oracle 10g下迁移数据库到Oracle 11g,除了使用RMAN方式之外,我们可以使用带dblink的datapump方式来实现基于逻辑上的迁移。其步骤也相对简单,而且不会产生中间过程生成的dump文件。本文即针对如何使用该方法给出了示例,供大家参考。

 

1、确保源数据库和目标数据库处于可用状态
--环境描述
--源库:   mftst  Oracle 10.2.0.3 + Enterprise Linux Enterprise Linux Server release 5.5 (Carthage)   32bit
--目标库: usbo   Oracle 11.2.0.1 + Welcome to SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 10 SP3 (x86_64) - Kernel \r (\l). 64bit

robin@SZDB:~> tnsping usbo
[oracle@linux1 ~]$ tnsping gomftst
sys@MFTST> select * from v$version where rownum<2;

BANNER
----------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 10g Release 10.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

2、源数据库端的相关参数
sys@MFTST> select instance_name,host_name from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME    HOST_NAME
---------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
MFTST            SZDB

--确保参数parallel_max的值为0,以避免源库端导出性能慢(Bug 5453502/Note: 392689.1)
sys@MFTST> show parameter parallel_max

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
parallel_max_servers                 integer     0

3、目标数据库段端相关参数
sys@USBO> select * from v$version where rownum<2;

BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production

sys@USBO> select instance_name,host_name from v$instance;

INSTANCE_NAME    HOST_NAME
---------------- ----------------------------------------------------------------
usbo             linux1.orasrv.com

--确保参数cursor_sharing的值为EXACT,以避免性能问题(Bug 4235941/Note: 416238.1)
sys@USBO> show parameter cursor_sha

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
cursor_sharing                       string      EXACT

--目标数据库端的导入导出路径
sys@USBO> select * from dba_directories where directory_name like '%PUMP%';

OWNER                          DIRECTORY_NAME                 DIRECTORY_PATH
------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------------------------------------
SYS                            DATA_PUMP_DIR                  /u01/app/oracle/admin/usbo/dpdump/

4、创建从目标数据库到源数据库的dblink
sys@USBO> create database link gomftst connect to goex_admin identified by goex_admin using 'GOMFTST';

Database link created.

sys@USBO> select * from dual@gomftst;

DUM
---
X

-- Author   : Robinson Cheng
-- Blog     : http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612

5、创建相应的表空间
--由于源数据库的表空间不存在于目标数据库,导入时创建对象会报错,因此我们需要在目标数据库创建表空间
--对于Oracle 11g,我们可以使用remap_datafile以及remap_tablespace参数来指定,不过直接创建相应的表空间貌似更加简便
sys@USBO> SELECT 'create tablespace ' || tablespace_name || ' datafile ''' || REPLACE (file_name, 'MFTST', 'usbo') || ''' size '
  2     || TO_CHAR (CEIL (size_mb)) || ' M autoextend on;' as cmd
  3    FROM (SELECT tablespace_name, file_name, (bytes / 1024 / 1024) size_mb
  4            FROM dba_data_files@gomftst
  5           WHERE tablespace_name IN (SELECT DISTINCT tablespace_name
  6                                       FROM dba_segments@gomftst
  7                                      WHERE owner IN ('GOEX_ADMIN', 'FIX_ADMIN')));

CMD
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
create tablespace GOEX_ACCOUNT_TBL datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_account_tbl.dbf' size 329 M autoextend on;
create tablespace GOEX_STOCK_TBL datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_stock_tbl.dbf' size 161 M autoextend on;
create tablespace GOEX_STOCK_L_TBL datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_stock_l_tbl.dbf' size 2 M autoextend on;
create tablespace GOEX_TX_TBL datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_tx_tbl.dbf' size 825 M autoextend on;
create tablespace GOEX_USERS_TBL datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_users_tbl.dbf' size 315 M autoextend on;
create tablespace GOEX_ACCOUNT_IDX datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_account_idx.dbf' size 51 M autoextend on;
create tablespace GOEX_STOCK_IDX datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_stock_idx.dbf' size 40 M autoextend on;
create tablespace GOEX_STOCK_L_IDX datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_stock_l_idx.dbf' size 3 M autoextend on;
create tablespace GOEX_TX_IDX datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_tx_idx.dbf' size 68 M autoextend on;
create tablespace GOEX_USERS_IDX datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_users_idx.dbf' size 60 M autoextend on;
create tablespace GOEX_IMPORT_TBL datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_import_tbl.dbf' size 608 M autoextend on;
create tablespace GOEX_IMPORT_IDX datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_import_idx.dbf' size 11 M autoextend on;
create tablespace IES_IDX datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_IES_IDX.DBF' size 20 M autoextend on;
create tablespace IES_TBL datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_IES_TBL.DBF' size 105 M autoextend on;
create tablespace FIX_TX_IDX datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_fix_tx_idx.dbf' size 3 M autoextend on;
create tablespace FIX_TX_TBL datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_fix_tx_tbl.dbf' size 24 M autoextend on;
create tablespace FIX_USERS_IDX datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_fix_users_idx.dbf' size 1 M autoextend on;
create tablespace FIX_USERS_TBL datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_fix_users_tbl.dbf' size 3 M autoextend on;
create tablespace GOEX_IPO_IDX datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_ipo_idx.dbf' size 2 M autoextend on;
create tablespace GOEX_IPO_TBL datafile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_ipo_tbl.dbf' size 3 M autoextend on;
--把上面的语句直接复制到SQL提示符下执行即可,如果有需要也可以将其封装到脚本来执行

--创建相应的临时表空间,这是由于被导入的schema可能缺省的临时表空间并非temp的问题
sys@USBO> SELECT    'create temporary tablespace '
  2         || tablespace_name
  3         || ' tempfile '''
  4         || REPLACE (file_name, 'MFTST', 'usbo')
  5         || ''' size '
  6         || TO_CHAR (CEIL (bytes / 1024 / 1024))
  7         || ' M autoextend on;' as cmd
  8    FROM dba_temp_files@gomftst
  9   WHERE tablespace_name IN (SELECT temporary_tablespace
 10                               FROM dba_users@gomftst
 11                              WHERE username IN ('GOEX_ADMIN', 'FIX_ADMIN') AND temporary_tablespace <> 'TEMP');

CMD
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
create temporary tablespace GOEX_TEMP tempfile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_tempusbo.dbf' size 149 M autoextend on;

--下面是创建相应的临时表空间
sys@USBO> create temporary tablespace GOEX_TEMP tempfile '/u02/database/usbo/oradata/usbo_tempusbo.dbf' size 149 M autoextend on;

6、实施数据迁移
$ export ORACLE_SID=usbo
$ impdp \'\/ as sysdba \' directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR network_link=gomftst logfile=imp_mftst.log version=10.2.0.3 \
parallel=2 schemas='goex_admin,fix_admin'

[oracle@linux1 ~]$ impdp \'\/ as sysdba \' directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR network_link=gomftst logfile=imp_mftst.log version=10.2.0.3 \
> parallel=2 schemas='goex_admin,fix_admin'

Import: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Tue Sep 3 15:12:19 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

Connected to: Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
Starting "SYS"."SYS_IMPORT_SCHEMA_13":  "/******** AS SYSDBA" directory=DATA_PUMP_DIR network_link=gomftst logfile=imp_mftst.log 
version=10.2.0.3 parallel=2 schemas=goex_admin,fix_admin 
Estimate in progress using BLOCKS method...
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE_DATA
Total estimation using BLOCKS method: 1.557 GB
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/USER
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYSTEM_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/ROLE_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/DEFAULT_ROLE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/PRE_SCHEMA/PROCACT_SCHEMA
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SYNONYM/SYNONYM
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TYPE/TYPE_SPEC
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TYPE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SEQUENCE/SEQUENCE
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/SEQUENCE/GRANT/OWNER_GRANT/OBJECT_GRANT
Processing object type SCHEMA_EXPORT/TABLE/TABLE
. . imported "GOEX_ADMIN"."BO2_OUT_TRADE_CHRG_DTL_TBL"     4359 rows
. . imported "GOEX_ADMIN"."GO_GA_ACC_HIST_TBL"              117 rows
. . imported "GOEX_ADMIN"."GO_GA_TRANS_SUMMARY_TBL"          16 rows
. . imported "GOEX_ADMIN"."BO2_OUT_TRADE_HIST_DTL_TBL"      752 rows
. . imported "GOEX_ADMIN"."BO2_OUT_STKINFO_DTL_TBL"      733481 rows
. . imported "GOEX_ADMIN"."GO_GA_STOCK_OVERSEA_TBL"      668255 rows
. . imported "GOEX_ADMIN"."BO2_OUT_ACC_HIST_DTL_TBL"         19 rows
............................

7、需要注意的
如果在导入的过程中有角色或其他非相关的用户报错,可以考虑从源库提取创建脚本在目标数据库先创建再导入

 

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