struts2学习笔记之四(注册登陆小项目)
1、创建工程LoginAndRegister
2、引入Struts2的Path
3、将关键struts2-blank\lib里jar包拷贝到LoginAndRegister\WEB-INF\lib下面
4、从struts2-blank中复制web.xml和struts.xml到项目的相应目录下
注意观察是否需要修改版本号
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app id="WebApp_9" version="2.4" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd">
<display-name>Struts Blank</display-name>
<filter>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>struts2</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>5、有一个index.jsp页面，OK，编写index.jsp
<span style="font-size:18px;"><%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gb2312"%> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>登陆与注册</title> </head> <body> <a href="/LoginAndRegister/login.jsp" >登陆</a><br/> <span style="white-space:pre"> </span><a href="/LoginAndRegister/register.jsp">注册</a> </body> </html></span>6、编写login.jsp
<span style="font-size:18px;"><%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gb2312"%> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>登陆</title> </head> <body> <span style="white-space:pre"> </span><form action="/LoginAndRegister/org/tutorial/loginAction.action" method = "post"> <span style="white-space:pre"> </span>用户名：<input type="text" name="user.name"><br/> <span style="white-space:pre"> </span>密码： <input type="text" name="user.pass"><br/> <span style="white-space:pre"> </span><input type="submit" name="登陆"> <span style="white-space:pre"> </span></form> </body> </html></span>
注意url的写法，"/"表示webapps目录，所以要写上项目名，包名和action名
tomcat收到请求，然后交给org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter，过滤器搜索struts.xml文件，搜寻对应的action，在这里搜寻loginAction.action，<span style="font-size:18px;"><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"> <struts> <package name="org.tutorial" extends="struts-default"> <action name="loginAction" class="org.tutorial.loginAction"> <result name="success"> /loginSuccess.jsp </result> <result name="error"> /error.jsp </result> </action> <action name="registerAction" class="org.tutorial.registerAction"> <result name="success"> /loginSuccess.jsp </result> </action> </package> </struts></span>
一共两个action，一个是登陆使用的action，一个是注册使用的action
7、loginAction.java
注意：action的三条规则
a、必须有一个无参构造函数
b、最好事先action接口或actionsupport接口
c、服务方法
控制器action：
<span style="font-size:18px;">package org.tutorial;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class loginAction extends ActionSupport{
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private User user;
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public String execute(){
//System.out.println("name:pass -----" + name + ":" + pass);
UserService us = new UserService();
//System.out.println("user in action:" + user);
int id = us.validateUser(user);
if(id == -1)
return ERROR;
return SUCCESS;
}
}</span>
模型User类
<span style="font-size:18px;">package org.tutorial;
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private String pass;
private String tele;
private String addr;
public User(){
}
public User(int id, String name, String pass, String tele, String addr) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.pass = pass;
this.tele = tele;
this.addr = addr;
}
public String getName() {
return name;
}
public void setName(String name) {
this.name = name;
}
public String getPass() {
return pass;
}
public void setPass(String pass) {
this.pass = pass;
}
public String getTele() {
return tele;
}
public void setTele(String tele) {
this.tele = tele;
}
public String getAddr() {
return addr;
}
public void setAddr(String addr) {
this.addr = addr;
}
public int getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(int id) {
this.id = id;
}
@Override
public int hashCode() {
final int prime = 31;
int result = 1;
result = prime * result + ((name == null) ? 0 : name.hashCode());
result = prime * result + ((pass == null) ? 0 : pass.hashCode());
return result;
}
@Override
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
if (this == obj)
return true;
if (obj == null)
return false;
if (getClass() != obj.getClass())
return false;
User other = (User) obj;
if (name == null) {
if (other.name != null)
return false;
} else if (!name.equals(other.name))
return false;
if (pass == null) {
if (other.pass != null)
return false;
} else if (!pass.equals(other.pass))
return false;
return true;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", pass=" + pass
+ ", tele=" + tele + ", addr=" + addr + "]";
}
}</span>
请注意无参构造函数，不能省略，因为从请求中使用的构造函数是无参的，如果无参构造函数不存在，那么将不能从请求中实例化User。
业务处理类
<span style="font-size:18px;">package org.tutorial;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;
public class UserService {
//模拟用户数据库
private static Set<User> db = new HashSet<User>();
public UserService() {
User u = new User(1,"wukong","123456","18898834453","beijing");
db.add(u);
}
public int validateUser(User user) {
System.out.println("DB；" + db);
System.out.println("user: " + user);
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(db.contains(user)){
return user.getId();
}else{
return -1;
}
}
}</span>
返回视图页面loginSuccess.jsp
<span style="font-size:18px;"><%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gb2312"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>登陆成功</title>
</head>
<body>
欢迎您：<s:property value="user.name" />
</body>
</html>
</span>
OK，这样就可以实现简单的登陆功能了
8、接下来是注册模块
还是分步走
请求页面->action处理->业务逻辑
|------------>视图
请求页面register.jsp
<span style="font-size:18px;"><%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>
注册
</title>
</head>
<body>
欢迎使用本系统<br/>
<form action = "/LoginAndRegister/org/tutorial/registerAction.action" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>姓名</td>
<td><input type="text" value="user.name"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>密码</td>
<td><input type="text" value="user.name"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>联系方式</td>
<td><input type="text" value="user.name"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>地址</td>
<td><input type="text" value="user.name"></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
</span>
action处理类registerAction
<span style="font-size:18px;">package org.tutorial;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class registerAction extends ActionSupport {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private User user;
public User getUser() {
return user;
}
public void setUser(User user) {
this.user = user;
}
public String execute(){
UserService us = new UserService();
int status = us.addUser(user);
if(status == -1){
return ERROR;
}
return SUCCESS;
}
}
</span>
业务逻辑处理
<span style="font-size:18px;">package org.tutorial;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Set;
public class UserService {
//模拟用户数据库
private static Set<User> db = new HashSet<User>();
public UserService() {
User u = new User(1,"wukong","123456","18898834453","beijing");
db.add(u);
}
public int validateUser(User user) {
System.out.println("DB；" + db);
System.out.println("user: " + user);
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
if(db.contains(user)){
return user.getId();
}else{
return -1;
}
}
public int addUser(User user) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
int id = new Random().nextInt(99999);
user.setId(id);
db.add(user);
return 1;
}
}
</span>
注册成功后，使用的loginSuccess.jsp视图
注册登陆都已经实现了，现在想要了解下系统中的用户
9、查询用户
分步走
页面请求---->Action------>业务
|----------->视图
1、页面请求，由于不需要发送请求参数，这里使用超链接的形式
在loginSuccess.jsp页面里添加一个超链接
<span style="font-size:18px;"><a href="/LoginAndRegister/org/tutorial/usersListAction.action">查看所有的注册用户</a></span>2、然后编写action处理类
<span style="font-size:18px;">package org.tutorial;
import java.util.Set;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class usersListAction extends ActionSupport {
/**
*
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
//为了给页面传回数据，只需要为传回的field添加属性，并提供setter和getter即可。
//如下所示，为了传回用户列表，所以定义users属性，并且提供了setter和getter方法。
private Set<User> users;
public void setUsers(Set<User> users) {
this.users = users;
}
public Set<User> getUsers() {
return users;
}
public String execute(){
//获取users列表
UserService us = new UserService();
users = us.getUsersList();
return SUCCESS;
}
}
</span>
业务逻辑UserService类中添加业务方法
<span style="font-size:18px;">public Set<User> getUsersList() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return db;
}</span>
配置struts.xml，添加result
<span style="font-size:18px;"><action name="usersListAction" class="org.tutorial.usersListAction"> <result> /usersList.jsp </result> </action></span>
设计物理视图，给用户展示
<span style="font-size:18px;"><%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<title>用户列表</title>
</head>
<body>
<!-- 使用标签遍历列表 -->
<table width="600" border="1">
<tr>
<th>姓名</th>
<th>密码</th>
<th>联系方式</th>
<th>地址</th>
</tr>
<s:iterator value="users" id="u">
<tr>
<td>${u.name}</td>
<td>${u.pass}</td>
<td>${u.tele}</td>
<td>${u.addr}</td>
</tr>
</s:iterator>
</table>
</body>
</html></span>
李刚老师说是<s:iterator value="users" val="u">，至少我测试的时候是错误的。正确的是只用id表示迭代的元素。
| 姓名 | 密码 | 联系方式 | 地址 |
|---|---|---|---|
| li | 1234567 | 18894385472 | shenyang |
| wukong | 123456 | 18898834453 | beijing |
| bai | bai | 1823484543 | shenyang |
OK，注册，登陆，查询都已完成。