Oracle 11g 中日志的查看

Oracle11g 中对alert的告警日志的修改

  一．首先介绍2个新名词

      Automatic Diagnostic Repository (ADR)

     
     一个存放数据库诊断日志、跟踪文件的目录，称作ADR base，对应初始化参数DIAGNOSTIC_DEST，如果设置了ORACLE_BASE环境变量，DIAGNOSTIC_DEST等于ORACLE_BASE，如果没有设置RACLE_BASE，则等与ORACLE_HOME/log。

 SQL> show parameter DIAGNOSTIC

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
diagnostic_dest                      string      /oracle/oracle

 

二．aelrt xml file

  在oracle 11g中，alert文件的信息是以xml的文件格式存在的，另外提供了普通文本格式的alert文件。
这两份log文件的位置分别是V$DIAG_INFO中的Diag Alert 和Diag Trace 对应的目录。

sql>select name ,value from  v$diag_info

 

NAME                      VALUE                                                        
----------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------
Diag Enabled            TRUE                                                         
ADR Base                /oracle/oracle                                               
ADR Home                /oracle/oracle/diag/rdbms/rac/rac1                           
Diag Trace              /oracle/oracle/diag/rdbms/rac/rac1/trace                     
Diag Alert              /oracle/oracle/diag/rdbms/rac/rac1/alert                     
Diag Incident           /oracle/oracle/diag/rdbms/rac/rac1/incident                  
Diag Cdump              /oracle/oracle/diag/rdbms/rac/rac1/cdump                     
Health Monitor          /oracle/oracle/diag/rdbms/rac/rac1/hm                        
Default Trace File      /oracle/oracle/diag/rdbms/rac/rac1/trace/rac1_ora_11028.trc  
Active Problem Count    0                                                            
Active Incident Count   0    

 

这个是xml格式的alert log：

cd     /oracle/oracle/diag/rdbms/rac/rac1/alert

[oracle@rac1 alert]$ ls
log.xml

 

 

文本格式的alert：

cd /oracle/oracle/diag/rdbms/rac/rac1/trace/

 

[oracle@rac1 trace]$ ls alert_rac1.log 
alert_rac1.log

 

[oracle@rac1 trace]$ tail alert_rac1.log 
Tue Nov 13 08:12:13 2007
Completed: ALTER DATABASE OPEN
Tue Nov 13 08:16:31 2007
Starting background process CJQ0
Tue Nov 13 08:16:31 2007
CJQ0 started with pid=31, OS id=2336 
Tue Nov 13 14:00:55 2007
Thread 1 advanced to log sequence 32
  Current log# 2 seq# 32 mem# 0: +DATA/rac/onlinelog/group_2.257.638334671
  Current log# 2 seq# 32 mem# 1: +FLASH/rac/onlinelog/group_2.258.638333877

 

    Alert文件记录了：关键错误（Critical errors (incidents) ），数据库管理操作，包括启动关闭数据库，创建、删除表空间，
物化视图刷新错误等信息，另外我做试验的时候还发现还包括有一般的ddl操作，下面是例子：

 sql>create tablespace  test datafile  '+DATA/rac/datafile/test.dbf' size 100m  extent management local;

 

 

[oracle@rac2 trace]$ tail -f alert_rac2.log 
Mon Nov 12 03:57:44 2007
CJQ0 started with pid=29, OS id=6576 
Mon Nov 12 04:12:38 2007
Stopping background process CJQ0
Mon Nov 12 04:13:00 2007
Starting background process CJQ0
Mon Nov 12 04:13:01 2007
CJQ0 started with pid=31, OS id=18429 
Mon Nov 12 04:17:58 2007
create tablespace  test datafile  '+DATA/rac/datafile/test.dbf' size 100m  extent management local

 

三．查看alert文件的方法：
 1.使用Enterprise Manager，进入Oracle database home page，在Related Links点击Alert Log  Contents.
见图：
2.使用vi等文本编辑alert_SID.log （text-only alert log, without the XML tags）
3.使用工具adrci：

 四的使用adrci

 [oracle@rac2 trace]$ which adrci 
~/product/11.1.0.6.0/db/bin/adrci

[oracle@rac2 trace]$ adrci

ADRCI: Release 11.1.0.6.0 - Beta on Mon Nov 12 04:34:47 2007

Copyright (c) 1982, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

ADR base = "/oracle/oracle"
adrci> help

 HELP [topic]
   Available Topics:
        CREATE REPORT
        ECHO
        EXIT
        HELP
        HOST
        IPS
        PURGE
        RUN
        SET BASE
        SET BROWSER
        SET CONTROL
        SET ECHO
        SET EDITOR
        SET HOMES | HOME | HOMEPATH
        SET TERMOUT
        SHOW ALERT
        SHOW BASE
        SHOW CONTROL
        SHOW HM_RUN
        SHOW HOMES | HOME | HOMEPATH
        SHOW INCDIR
        SHOW INCIDENT
        SHOW PROBLEM
        SHOW REPORT
        SHOW TRACEFILE
        SPOOL

 There are other commands intended to be used directly by Oracle, type
 "HELP EXTENDED" to see the list

  使用方法：

  1.client trace file

adrci> show base -product client 
adrci> set base <above output> 
adrci> show tracefile 
adrci> show trace <trace file.trc>

2   server trace file

adrci 
adrci> show tracefile 
adrci> show trace <trace file.trc>

3. 告警日志alert的trace file

 adrci

  help show alert

  Usage: SHOW ALERT [-p <predicate_string>]  [-term]
                    [ [-tail [num] [-f]] | [-file <alert_file_name>] ]

Examples: 

    show alert 

    show alert -p "message_text like '%incident%'"

    show alert -tail 20

adrci>>show alert -tail 10