What is the difference between user mode and kernel mode, and real mode and protected mode?

 

User mode (Ring 3) programs are running in application level. This allows the trusted operating system and drivers running in kernel mode to access vital tasks.

Kernel mode (Ring 0) programs are running in system level. This prevents user mode processes from reaching vital parts and causing conflicts.

The two operating mode of X86 is real mode and protected mode.

Real Mode: Access 1 mega memory. Used during the process of system booting.

Protected Mode: Access 4G memory. Provide memory paging and access control.

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