Java https请求 HttpsURLConnection

有关tomcat 6.0如何配置https服务的文章可以参考：http://blog.csdn.net/zhou_zion/article/details/6759171

以下主要讲解如何使用https发起post请求：

参考文档：梁栋前辈的《Java加密与解密的艺术》

 import java.io.BufferedReader;
 import java.io.FileInputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStreamReader;
 import java.net.MalformedURLException;
 import java.net.URL;
 import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
 import java.security.KeyStore;

 import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;
 import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;
 import javax.net.ssl.KeyManagerFactory;
 import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;
 import javax.net.ssl.TrustManagerFactory;

 public class HttpsPost {
     /**
      * 获得KeyStore.
      * @param keyStorePath
      *            密钥库路径
      * @param password
      *            密码
      * @return 密钥库
      * @throws Exception
      */
     public static KeyStore getKeyStore(String password, String keyStorePath)
             throws Exception {
         // 实例化密钥库
         KeyStore ks = KeyStore.getInstance("JKS");
         // 获得密钥库文件流
         FileInputStream is = new FileInputStream(keyStorePath);
         // 加载密钥库
         ks.load(is, password.toCharArray());
         // 关闭密钥库文件流
         is.close();
         return ks;
     }

     /**
      * 获得SSLSocketFactory.
      * @param password
      *            密码
      * @param keyStorePath
      *            密钥库路径
      * @param trustStorePath
      *            信任库路径
      * @return SSLSocketFactory
      * @throws Exception
      */
     public static SSLContext getSSLContext(String password,
             String keyStorePath, String trustStorePath) throws Exception {
         // 实例化密钥库
         KeyManagerFactory keyManagerFactory = KeyManagerFactory
                 .getInstance(KeyManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
         // 获得密钥库
         KeyStore keyStore = getKeyStore(password, keyStorePath);
         // 初始化密钥工厂
         keyManagerFactory.init(keyStore, password.toCharArray());

         // 实例化信任库
         TrustManagerFactory trustManagerFactory = TrustManagerFactory
                 .getInstance(TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm());
         // 获得信任库
         KeyStore trustStore = getKeyStore(password, trustStorePath);
         // 初始化信任库
         trustManagerFactory.init(trustStore);
         // 实例化SSL上下文
         SSLContext ctx = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS");
         // 初始化SSL上下文
         ctx.init(keyManagerFactory.getKeyManagers(),
                 trustManagerFactory.getTrustManagers(), null);
         // 获得SSLSocketFactory
         return ctx;
     }

     /**
      * 初始化HttpsURLConnection.
      * @param password
      *            密码
      * @param keyStorePath
      *            密钥库路径
      * @param trustStorePath
      *            信任库路径
      * @throws Exception
      */
     public static void initHttpsURLConnection(String password,
             String keyStorePath, String trustStorePath) throws Exception {
         // 声明SSL上下文
         SSLContext sslContext = null;
         // 实例化主机名验证接口
         HostnameVerifier hnv = new MyHostnameVerifier();
         try {
             sslContext = getSSLContext(password, keyStorePath, trustStorePath);
         } catch (GeneralSecurityException e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
         }
         if (sslContext != null) {
             HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sslContext
                     .getSocketFactory());
         }
         HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(hnv);
     }

     /**
      * 发送请求.
      * @param httpsUrl
      *            请求的地址
      * @param xmlStr
      *            请求的数据
      */
     public static void post(String httpsUrl, String xmlStr) {
         HttpsURLConnection urlCon = null;
         try {
             urlCon = (HttpsURLConnection) (new URL(httpsUrl)).openConnection();
             urlCon.setDoInput(true);
             urlCon.setDoOutput(true);
             urlCon.setRequestMethod("POST");
             urlCon.setRequestProperty("Content-Length",
                     String.valueOf(xmlStr.getBytes().length));
             urlCon.setUseCaches(false);
             //设置为gbk可以解决服务器接收时读取的数据中文乱码问题
             urlCon.getOutputStream().write(xmlStr.getBytes("gbk"));
             urlCon.getOutputStream().flush();
             urlCon.getOutputStream().close();
             BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
                     urlCon.getInputStream()));
             String line;
             while ((line = in.readLine()) != null) {
                 System.out.println(line);
             }
         } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
         } catch (IOException e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
         } catch (Exception e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
         }
     }

     /**
      * 测试方法.
      * @param args
      * @throws Exception
      */
     public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
         // 密码
         String password = "123456";
         // 密钥库
         String keyStorePath = "tomcat.keystore";
         // 信任库
         String trustStorePath = "tomcat.keystore";
         // 本地起的https服务
         String httpsUrl = "https://localhost:8443/service/httpsPost";
         // 传输文本
         String xmlStr = "<?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"UTF-8\"?><fruitShop><fruits><fruit><kind>萝卜</kind></fruit><fruit><kind>菠萝</kind></fruit></fruits></fruitShop>";
         HttpsPost.initHttpsURLConnection(password, keyStorePath, trustStorePath);
         // 发起请求
         HttpsPost.post(httpsUrl, xmlStr);
     }
 }

 import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;
 import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;

 /**
  * 实现用于主机名验证的基接口。
  * 在握手期间，如果 URL 的主机名和服务器的标识主机名不匹配，则验证机制可以回调此接口的实现程序来确定是否应该允许此连接。
  */
 public class MyHostnameVerifier implements HostnameVerifier {
     @Override
     public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) {
         if("localhost".equals(hostname)){
             return true;
         } else {
             return false;
         }
     }
 }

接收请求的Web应用：

web.xml

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <web-app version="2.5"
     xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
     http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
   <servlet>
     <servlet-name>rollBack</servlet-name>
     <servlet-class>rollBack</servlet-class>
   </servlet>

   <servlet-mapping>
     <servlet-name>rollBack</servlet-name>
     <url-pattern>/httpsPost</url-pattern>
   </servlet-mapping>
   <welcome-file-list>
     <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
   </welcome-file-list>
 </web-app>

rollBack servlet

 import java.io.BufferedReader;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStreamReader;

 import javax.servlet.ServletException;
 import javax.servlet.ServletInputStream;
 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;


 public class rollBack extends HttpServlet {

     public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
             throws ServletException, IOException {
         //获取请求流
         ServletInputStream sis = request.getInputStream();
         BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(sis));
         String line;
         if((line = in.readLine()) != null){
             System.out.println(line);
         }
         in.close();
     }

     public void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
             throws ServletException, IOException {
         this.doGet(request, response);
     }
 }