43. Multiply Strings(大数相乘)

问题描述:

Given two numbers represented as strings, return multiplication of the numbers as a string.

Note: The numbers can be arbitrarily large and are non-negative.

问题求解:

Space cost O(n)
Time cost O(n)
代码如下:

class Solution {
public:
    string multiply(string num1, string num2) {
        int n1=num1.size();
        int n2=num2.size();
        int n=n1+n2;
        if(num1=="0" || num2=="0" || n1==0 || n2==0) return "0";
        vector<int> a(n,0);//乘积数组
        string str="";//返回的字符串结果
        for(int i=n1-1;i>=0;i--)
        {//从后往前是位数升高的方向
            for(int j=n2-1;j>=0;j--)
            {//(1)得到乘积数组各个位上的数(还未处理进位)
                a[i+j+1] += (num1[i]-'0')*(num2[j]-'0');
            }
        }
        //如a[i]=12,a[i-1]=3,处理进位:a[i-1]=3 + 12/10=4;a[i]=12%10=2;
        for(int i=n-1;i>0;i--)
        {//(2)从低位到高位依次处理进位.高位a[i-1],低位a[i]
            a[i-1] += a[i]/10;//高位=高位初始乘积数+进位
            a[i] %= 10;
        }
        int i=0;
        if(a[i]==0)
        {//(3)若最高位是0,则处理掉
            i++;
        }
        while(i<n)
        {//(4)将数组中的结果依次转换为字符加到str中
            str += a[i++]+'0';//注意i++!!!
        }
        return str;
    }
};

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