MS-SQL数据库系统表的总结与应用(查询作业等)

有一个是用Rollback Transaction来回滚操作

Select * From master.dbo.sysservers   查询链接服务器信息
Select * From master.dbo.sysdatabases   查询本数据库信息

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Sysobjects：SQL-SERVER的每个数据库内都有此系统表，它存放该数据库内创建的 
所有对象，如约束、默认值、日志、规则、存储过程等，每个对象在表中占一行。
对象类型(xtype)。可以是下列对象类型中的一种： 
C = CHECK 约束 
D = 默认值或 DEFAULT 约束 
F = FOREIGN KEY 约束 
L = 日志 
FN = 标量函数 
IF = 内嵌表函数 
P = 存储过程 
PK = PRIMARY KEY 约束（类型是 K） 
RF = 复制筛选存储过程 
S = 系统表 
TF = 表函数 
TR = 触发器 
U = 用户表 
UQ = UNIQUE 约束（类型是 K） 
V = 视图 
X = 扩展存储过程 
当xtype='U'  代表是用户建立的表，对象名就是表名，对象ID就是表 
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syscolumns ：每个表和视图中的每列在表中占一行，存储过程中的每个参数在表 
Select c.*,t.name 
From dbo.syscolumns c  left join dbo.systypes t on c.xtype=t.xtype
where c.id in (Select id From sysobjects
             where name='NET_User')
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Select * From sysaltfiles    主数据库               保存数据库的文件 
Select * From syscharsets    主数据库               字符集与排序顺序 
Select * From sysconfigures  主数据库               配置选项 
Select * From syscurconfigs  主数据库               当前配置选项 
Select * From sysdatabases   主数据库               服务器中的数据库 
Select * From syslanguages   主数据库               语言 
Select * From syslogins      主数据库               登陆帐号信息 
Select * From sysoledbusers  主数据库               链接服务器登陆信息 
Select * From sysprocesses   主数据库               进程 
Select * From sysremotelogins 主数据库               远程登录帐号 
Select * From syscolumns     每个数据库             列 
Select * From sysconstrains  每个数据库             限制 
Select * From sysfilegroups  每个数据库             文件组 
Select * From sysfiles       每个数据库             文件 
Select * From sysforeignkeys 每个数据库             外部关键字 
Select * From sysindexes      每个数据库             索引 
Select * From sysmembers     每个数据库             角色成员 
Select * From sysobjects     每个数据库             所有数据库对象 
Select * From syspermissions 每个数据库             权限 
Select * From systypes       每个数据库             用户定义数据类型 
Select * From sysusers       每个数据库             用户

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sql server系统表详细说明 
sysaltfiles 主数据库 保存数据库的文件 
syscharsets 主数据库字符集与排序顺序
sysconfigures 主数据库 配置选项
syscurconfigs 主数据库当前配置选项
sysdatabases 主数据库服务器中的数据库
syslanguages 主数据库语言
syslogins 主数据库 登陆帐号信息
sysoledbusers 主数据库 链接服务器登陆信息
sysprocesses 主数据库进程
sysremotelogins主数据库 远程登录帐号
syscolumns 每个数据库 列
sysconstrains 每个数据库 限制
sysfilegroups 每个数据库 文件组
sysfiles 每个数据库 文件
sysforeignkeys 每个数据库 外部关键字
sysindexs 每个数据库 索引
sysmenbers 每个数据库角色成员
sysobjects 每个数据库所有数据库对象
syspermissions 每个数据库 权限
systypes 每个数据库 用户定义数据类型
sysusers 每个数据库 用户

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SELECT OBJECT_NAME (id) [OBJECT_NAME] FROM sysobjects WHERE xtype = 'U' AND OBJECTPROPERTY (id, 'IsMSShipped') = 0

SELECT     
                          表名=case   when   a.colorder=1   then   d.name   else   ''   end,   
                          表说明=case   when   a.colorder=1   then   isnull(f.value,'')   else   ''   end,   
                          字段序号=a.colorder,   
                          字段名=a.name,   
                          标识=case   when   COLUMNPROPERTY(   a.id,a.name,'IsIdentity')=1   then   '√'else   ''   end,   
                          主键=case   when   exists(SELECT   1   FROM   sysobjects   where   xtype='PK'   and   name   in   (   
                          SELECT   name   FROM   sysindexes   WHERE   indid   in(   
                          SELECT   indid   FROM   sysindexkeys   WHERE   id   =   a.id   AND   colid=a.colid   
                          )))   then   '√'   else   ''   end,   
                          类型=b.name,   
                          占用字节数=a.length,   
                          长度=COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'PRECISION'),   
                          小数位数=isnull(COLUMNPROPERTY(a.id,a.name,'Scale'),0),   
                          允许空=case   when   a.isnullable=1   then   '√'else   ''   end,   
                          默认值=isnull(e.text,''),   
                          字段说明=isnull(g.[value],'')   
                          FROM   syscolumns   a   
                          left   join   systypes   b   on   a.xusertype=b.xusertype   
                          inner   join   sysobjects   d   on   a.id=d.id     and   d.xtype='U'   and     d.name<>'dtproperties'   
                          left   join   syscomments   e   on   a.cdefault=e.id   
                          left   join   sysproperties   g   on   a.id=g.id   and   a.colid=g.smallid       
                          left   join   sysproperties   f   on   d.id=f.id   and   f.smallid=0   
                          where   d.name='NET_Department'         --如果只查询指定表,加上此条件   
                          order   by   a.id,a.colorder

显示每个表当前有多少行

SELECT TOP 100 Percent sysobjects.name,sysindexes.rows 
FROM sysindexes with(nolock)
JOIN sysobjects with(nolock) ON sysindexes.id = sysobjects.id AND sysobjects.xtype = 'u' 
WHERE sysindexes.indid in(0, 1) 
ORDER By sysobjects.name ASC
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SELECT               ---2005
    TableName=CASE WHEN C.column_id=1 THEN O.name ELSE N'' END,    
    Column_id=C.column_id,
    ColumnName=C.name,     
    Type=T.name,
    Length=C.max_length,
    Precision=C.precision,
    Scale=C.scale,
    NullAble=CASE WHEN C.is_nullable=1 THEN N'√'ELSE N'' END,
    [Default]=ISNULL(D.definition,N''),
    ColumnDesc=ISNULL(PFD.[value],N''),
    Create_Date=O.Create_Date,
    Modify_Date=O.Modify_date
FROM sys.columns C
    INNER JOIN sys.objects O
        ON C.[object_id]=O.[object_id]
            AND O.type='U'
            AND O.is_ms_shipped=0
    INNER JOIN sys.types T
        ON C.user_type_id=T.user_type_id
    LEFT JOIN sys.default_constraints D
        ON C.[object_id]=D.parent_object_id
            AND C.column_id=D.parent_column_id
            AND C.default_object_id=D.[object_id]
    LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties PFD
        ON PFD.class=1 
            AND C.[object_id]=PFD.major_id 
            AND C.column_id=PFD.minor_id
    LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties PTB
        ON PTB.class=1 
            AND PTB.minor_id=0 
            AND C.[object_id]=PTB.major_id
--where O.name='GoToneCustomService'  -- 要查询的表名   如果不加默认是该库底下的所有表

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4.如何得到服务器的IP地址
create table #ip(id int identity(1,1),re varchar(200))
declare @s varchar(1000)
set @s='ping '+left(@@servername,charindex('/',@@servername+'/')-1)+' -a -n 1 -l 1'
insert #ip(re) exec master..xp_cmdshell @s
select 服务器名=@@servername,IP地址=stuff(left(re,charindex(']',re)-1),1,charindex('[',re),'')
from #ip
where id=2
drop table #ip

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9.如何知道哪些触发器被禁用?
--将trigger 在sysobjects 表中 status字段的值转换为二进制的，第12位为1则表示禁止，为0表示允许

select 表名=object_name(parent_obj),触发器名=name
 ,状态=case status & power(2,11) when 0 then N'启用' else N'禁用' end
from sysobjects  where type='TR'

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select j.name as jobName,step_id,s.step_name,command,database_name from sysjobs j
right outer join sysjobsteps s
on j.job_id= s.job_id
--where subsystem ='tsql'
order by j.job_id,s.step_id

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  作业：
SELECT 作业的名称 = name,
       对作业的说明 = description,
       计划运行作业的下一个日期 = (SELECT top 1   left(left(next_run_date,4)+'-'+right(next_run_date,4),7)+'-'+right(next_run_date,2)
                       FROM   msdb.dbo.sysjobschedules
                       WHERE  job_id = sysjobs.job_id),
       计划运行作业的时间 = (SELECT top 1   left(left(left('000000',6-len(next_run_time))+ltrim(next_run_time),2)+':'+right(left('000000',6-len(next_run_time))+ltrim(next_run_time),4),5)+':'+right(left('000000',6-len(next_run_time))+ltrim(next_run_time),2)
                    FROM   msdb.dbo.sysjobschedules
                    WHERE  job_id = sysjobs.job_id),
       作业的执行状态 = CASE (SELECT   top 1   run_status
                       FROM     msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory
                       WHERE    job_id = sysjobs.job_id
                       ORDER BY instance_id DESC) 
                   WHEN 0 THEN '失败'
                   WHEN 1 THEN '成功'
                   WHEN 2 THEN '重试'
                   WHEN 3 THEN '已取消'
                   WHEN 4 THEN '正在进行中'
                 END,
       作业或步骤开始执行的日期 = (SELECT   top 1   left(left(run_date,4)+'-'+right(run_date,4),7)+'-'+right(run_date,2)
                       FROM     msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory
                       WHERE    job_id = sysjobs.job_id
                       ORDER BY instance_id DESC),
       作业或步骤开始的时间 = (SELECT   top 1   left(left(left('000000',6-len(run_time))+ltrim(run_time),2)+':'+right(left('000000',6-len(run_time))+ltrim(run_time),4),5)+':'+right(left('000000',6-len(run_time))+ltrim(run_time),2)
                     FROM     msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory
                     WHERE    job_id = sysjobs.job_id
                     ORDER BY instance_id DESC),
       执行作业或步骤所花费的时间 = (SELECT   top 1  left(left(left('000000',6-len(run_duration))+ltrim(run_duration),2)+'小时'+right(left('000000',6-len(run_duration))+ltrim(run_duration),4),5)+'分钟'+right(left('000000',6-len(run_duration))+ltrim(run_duration),2)+'秒' 
                        FROM     msdb.dbo.sysjobhistory
                        WHERE    job_id = sysjobs.job_id
                        ORDER BY instance_id DESC)
FROM   msdb.dbo.sysjobs

 

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 SQL server 中的作业信息查询     
作业信息存储在MSDB中.可以运行以下存储过程,监视作业的执行情况.

可以参考如下SQL:

SELECT 作业的名称 = name,
       对作业的说明 = description,
       计划运行作业的下一个日期 = (SELECT next_run_date
                       FROM   sysjobschedules
                       WHERE  job_id = sysjobs.job_id),
       计划运行作业的时间 = (SELECT next_run_time
                    FROM   sysjobschedules
                    WHERE  job_id = sysjobs.job_id),
       作业的执行状态 = CASE (SELECT   top 1   run_status
                       FROM     sysjobhistory
                       WHERE    job_id = sysjobs.job_id
                       ORDER BY instance_id DESC) 
                   WHEN 0 THEN '失败'
                   WHEN 1 THEN '成功'
                   WHEN 2 THEN '重试'
                   WHEN 3 THEN '已取消'
                   WHEN 4 THEN '正在进行中'
                 END,
       作业或步骤开始执行的日期 = (SELECT   top 1   run_date
                       FROM     sysjobhistory
                       WHERE    job_id = sysjobs.job_id
                       ORDER BY instance_id DESC),
       作业或步骤开始的时间 = (SELECT   top 1   run_time
                     FROM     sysjobhistory
                     WHERE    job_id = sysjobs.job_id
                     ORDER BY instance_id DESC),
       执行作业或步骤所花费的时间 = (SELECT   top 1   run_duration
                        FROM     sysjobhistory
                        WHERE    job_id = sysjobs.job_id
                        ORDER BY instance_id DESC)
FROM   sysjobs

 如果监视备份作业的执行计划,可以在描述中输入:"备份" 等字样,查询时候可以用description 描述信息过滤.如下:

(注意:对某些字段尽心了翻译和转换)

SELECT 作业的名称 = name,
       对作业的说明 = description,
       计划运行作业的下一个日期 = (SELECT left(left(next_run_date,4)+'-'+right(next_run_date,4),7)+'-'+right(next_run_date,2)
                       FROM   sysjobschedules
                       WHERE  job_id = sysjobs.job_id),
       计划运行作业的时间 = (SELECT left(left(left('000000',6-len(next_run_time))+ltrim(next_run_time),2)+':'+right(left('000000',6-len(next_run_time))+ltrim(next_run_time),4),5)+':'+right(left('000000',6-len(next_run_time))+ltrim(next_run_time),2)
                    FROM   sysjobschedules
                    WHERE  job_id = sysjobs.job_id),
       作业的执行状态 = CASE (SELECT   top 1   run_status
                       FROM     sysjobhistory
                       WHERE    job_id = sysjobs.job_id
                       ORDER BY instance_id DESC) 
                   WHEN 0 THEN '失败'
                   WHEN 1 THEN '成功'
                   WHEN 2 THEN '重试'
                   WHEN 3 THEN '已取消'
                   WHEN 4 THEN '正在进行中'
                 END,
       作业或步骤开始执行的日期 = (SELECT   top 1   left(left(run_date,4)+'-'+right(run_date,4),7)+'-'+right(run_date,2)
                       FROM     sysjobhistory
                       WHERE    job_id = sysjobs.job_id
                       ORDER BY instance_id DESC),
       作业或步骤开始的时间 = (SELECT   top 1   left(left(left('000000',6-len(run_time))+ltrim(run_time),2)+':'+right(left('000000',6-len(run_time))+ltrim(run_time),4),5)+':'+right(left('000000',6-len(run_time))+ltrim(run_time),2)
                     FROM     sysjobhistory
                     WHERE    job_id = sysjobs.job_id
                     ORDER BY instance_id DESC),
       执行作业或步骤所花费的时间 = (SELECT   top 1  left(left(left('000000',6-len(run_duration))+ltrim(run_duration),2)+'小时'+right(left('000000',6-len(run_duration))+ltrim(run_duration),4),5)+'分钟'+right(left('000000',6-len(run_duration))+ltrim(run_duration),2)+'秒' 
                        FROM     sysjobhistory
                        WHERE    job_id = sysjobs.job_id
                        ORDER BY instance_id DESC)
FROM   sysjobs
WHERE description LIKE '%备份%'

这样就可以监视到备份数据库计划的执行,前台页面就可以用Ajax来无刷新监视备份情况了.

测试后,SQL server 2005 也使用.