调试技巧 —— 如何利用windbg + dump + map分析程序异常 .

 之前碰到论坛里有几个好友，说程序不时的崩溃，什么xxoo不能read的！ 如果光要是这个内存地址，估计你会疯掉~~

所以分享一下基本的调试技巧，需要准备的工具有WinDbg + VC6.0，

下面是自己整理的一份自动生成DUMP文件的源代码，只需要添加到工程即可，源代码如下：

MiniDump.h

#include <windows.h>
#include <tlhelp32.h>

//#include "dbghelp.h"
//#define DEBUG_DPRINTF     1   //allow d()
//#include "wfun.h"

#pragma optimize("y", off)      //generate stack frame pointers for all functions - same as /Oy- in the project
#pragma warning(disable: 4200)  //nonstandard extension used : zero-sized array in struct/union
#pragma warning(disable: 4100)  //unreferenced formal parameter

/*BOOL WINAPI Get_Module_By_Ret_Addr(PBYTE Ret_Addr, PCHAR Module_Name, PBYTE & Module_Addr);
int  WINAPI Get_Call_Stack(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException, PCHAR Str);
int  WINAPI Get_Version_Str(PCHAR Str);
PCHAR WINAPI Get_Exception_Info(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException);
void WINAPI Create_Dump(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException, BOOL File_Flag, BOOL Show_Flag);*/

// In case you don't have dbghelp.h.
#ifndef _DBGHELP_

typedef struct _MINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION {
    DWORD   ThreadId;
    PEXCEPTION_POINTERS ExceptionPointers;
    BOOL    ClientPointers;
} MINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION, *PMINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION;

typedef enum _MINIDUMP_TYPE {
    MiniDumpNormal =            0x00000000,
        MiniDumpWithDataSegs =      0x00000001,
} MINIDUMP_TYPE;

typedef BOOL (WINAPI * MINIDUMP_WRITE_DUMP)(
                                            IN HANDLE           hProcess,
                                            IN DWORD            ProcessId,
                                            IN HANDLE           hFile,
                                            IN MINIDUMP_TYPE    DumpType,
                                            IN CONST PMINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION    ExceptionParam, OPTIONAL
                                            IN PVOID                                    UserStreamParam, OPTIONAL
                                            IN PVOID                                    CallbackParam OPTIONAL
                                            );

#else

typedef BOOL (WINAPI * MINIDUMP_WRITE_DUMP)(
                                            IN HANDLE           hProcess,
                                            IN DWORD            ProcessId,
                                            IN HANDLE           hFile,
                                            IN MINIDUMP_TYPE    DumpType,
                                            IN CONST PMINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION    ExceptionParam, OPTIONAL
                                            IN PMINIDUMP_USER_STREAM_INFORMATION        UserStreamParam, OPTIONAL
                                            IN PMINIDUMP_CALLBACK_INFORMATION           CallbackParam OPTIONAL
                                            );
#endif //#ifndef _DBGHELP_

// Tool Help functions.
typedef HANDLE (WINAPI * CREATE_TOOL_HELP32_SNAPSHOT)(DWORD dwFlags, DWORD th32ProcessID);
typedef BOOL (WINAPI * MODULE32_FIRST)(HANDLE hSnapshot, LPMODULEENTRY32 lpme);
typedef BOOL (WINAPI * MODULE32_NEST)(HANDLE hSnapshot, LPMODULEENTRY32 lpme);


extern void WINAPI Create_Dump(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException, BOOL File_Flag, BOOL Show_Flag);

extern HMODULE  hDbgHelp;
extern MINIDUMP_WRITE_DUMP  MiniDumpWriteDump_;

extern CREATE_TOOL_HELP32_SNAPSHOT  CreateToolhelp32Snapshot_;
extern MODULE32_FIRST   Module32First_;
extern MODULE32_NEST    Module32Next_;

#include <windows.h> #include <tlhelp32.h> //#include "dbghelp.h" //#define DEBUG_DPRINTF 1 //allow d() //#include "wfun.h" #pragma optimize("y", off) //generate stack frame pointers for all functions - same as /Oy- in the project #pragma warning(disable: 4200) //nonstandard extension used : zero-sized array in struct/union #pragma warning(disable: 4100) //unreferenced formal parameter /*BOOL WINAPI Get_Module_By_Ret_Addr(PBYTE Ret_Addr, PCHAR Module_Name, PBYTE & Module_Addr); int WINAPI Get_Call_Stack(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException, PCHAR Str); int WINAPI Get_Version_Str(PCHAR Str); PCHAR WINAPI Get_Exception_Info(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException); void WINAPI Create_Dump(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException, BOOL File_Flag, BOOL Show_Flag);*/ // In case you don't have dbghelp.h. #ifndef _DBGHELP_ typedef struct _MINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION { DWORD ThreadId; PEXCEPTION_POINTERS ExceptionPointers; BOOL ClientPointers; } MINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION, *PMINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION; typedef enum _MINIDUMP_TYPE { MiniDumpNormal = 0x00000000, MiniDumpWithDataSegs = 0x00000001, } MINIDUMP_TYPE; typedef BOOL (WINAPI * MINIDUMP_WRITE_DUMP)( IN HANDLE hProcess, IN DWORD ProcessId, IN HANDLE hFile, IN MINIDUMP_TYPE DumpType, IN CONST PMINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION ExceptionParam, OPTIONAL IN PVOID UserStreamParam, OPTIONAL IN PVOID CallbackParam OPTIONAL ); #else typedef BOOL (WINAPI * MINIDUMP_WRITE_DUMP)( IN HANDLE hProcess, IN DWORD ProcessId, IN HANDLE hFile, IN MINIDUMP_TYPE DumpType, IN CONST PMINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION ExceptionParam, OPTIONAL IN PMINIDUMP_USER_STREAM_INFORMATION UserStreamParam, OPTIONAL IN PMINIDUMP_CALLBACK_INFORMATION CallbackParam OPTIONAL ); #endif //#ifndef _DBGHELP_ // Tool Help functions. typedef HANDLE (WINAPI * CREATE_TOOL_HELP32_SNAPSHOT)(DWORD dwFlags, DWORD th32ProcessID); typedef BOOL (WINAPI * MODULE32_FIRST)(HANDLE hSnapshot, LPMODULEENTRY32 lpme); typedef BOOL (WINAPI * MODULE32_NEST)(HANDLE hSnapshot, LPMODULEENTRY32 lpme); extern void WINAPI Create_Dump(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException, BOOL File_Flag, BOOL Show_Flag); extern HMODULE hDbgHelp; extern MINIDUMP_WRITE_DUMP MiniDumpWriteDump_; extern CREATE_TOOL_HELP32_SNAPSHOT CreateToolhelp32Snapshot_; extern MODULE32_FIRST Module32First_; extern MODULE32_NEST Module32Next_;

MiniDump.cpp

/*
    Author: Vladimir Sedach.

    Purpose: demo of Call Stack creation by our own means,
    and with MiniDumpWriteDump() function of DbgHelp.dll.
*/

#include "StdAfx.h"
#include "MiniDump.h"
#include <Shlwapi.h>

#pragma comment(lib,"shlwapi.lib")

HMODULE hDbgHelp;
MINIDUMP_WRITE_DUMP MiniDumpWriteDump_;

CREATE_TOOL_HELP32_SNAPSHOT CreateToolhelp32Snapshot_;
MODULE32_FIRST  Module32First_;
MODULE32_NEST   Module32Next_;

#define DUMP_SIZE_MAX   8000    //max size of our dump
#define CALL_TRACE_MAX  ((DUMP_SIZE_MAX - 2000) / (MAX_PATH + 40))  //max number of traced calls
#define NL              "\r\n"  //new line

extern CString GetExePath();

//****************************************************************************************
BOOL WINAPI Get_Module_By_Ret_Addr(PBYTE Ret_Addr, PCHAR Module_Name, PBYTE & Module_Addr)
//****************************************************************************************
// Find module by Ret_Addr (address in the module).
// Return Module_Name (full path) and Module_Addr (start address).
// Return TRUE if found.
{
    MODULEENTRY32   M = {sizeof(M)};
    HANDLE  hSnapshot;

    Module_Name[0] = 0;

    if (CreateToolhelp32Snapshot_)
    {
        hSnapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot_(TH32CS_SNAPMODULE, 0);

        if ((hSnapshot != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) &&
            Module32First_(hSnapshot, &M))
        {
            do
            {
                if (DWORD(Ret_Addr - M.modBaseAddr) < M.modBaseSize)
                {
                    lstrcpyn(Module_Name, M.szExePath, MAX_PATH);
                    Module_Addr = M.modBaseAddr;
                    break;
                }
            } while (Module32Next_(hSnapshot, &M));
        }

        CloseHandle(hSnapshot);
    }

    return !!Module_Name[0];
} //Get_Module_By_Ret_Addr

//******************************************************************
int WINAPI Get_Call_Stack(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException, PCHAR Str)
//******************************************************************
// Fill Str with call stack info.
// pException can be either GetExceptionInformation() or NULL.
// If pException = NULL - get current call stack.
{
    CHAR    Module_Name[MAX_PATH];
    PBYTE   Module_Addr = 0;
    PBYTE   Module_Addr_1;
    int     Str_Len;

    typedef struct STACK
    {
        STACK * Ebp;
        PBYTE   Ret_Addr;
        DWORD   Param[0];
    } STACK, * PSTACK;

    STACK   Stack = {0, 0};
    PSTACK  Ebp;

    if (pException)     //fake frame for exception address
    {
        Stack.Ebp = (PSTACK)pException->ContextRecord->Ebp;
        Stack.Ret_Addr = (PBYTE)pException->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionAddress;
        Ebp = &Stack;
    }
    else
    {
        Ebp = (PSTACK)&pException - 1;  //frame addr of Get_Call_Stack()

        // Skip frame of Get_Call_Stack().
        if (!IsBadReadPtr(Ebp, sizeof(PSTACK)))
            Ebp = Ebp->Ebp;      //caller ebp
    }

    Str[0] = 0;
    Str_Len = 0;

    // Trace CALL_TRACE_MAX calls maximum - not to exceed DUMP_SIZE_MAX.
    // Break trace on wrong stack frame.
    for (int Ret_Addr_I = 0;
        (Ret_Addr_I < CALL_TRACE_MAX) && !IsBadReadPtr(Ebp, sizeof(PSTACK)) && !IsBadCodePtr(FARPROC(Ebp->Ret_Addr));
        Ret_Addr_I++, Ebp = Ebp->Ebp)
    {
        // If module with Ebp->Ret_Addr found.
        if (Get_Module_By_Ret_Addr(Ebp->Ret_Addr, Module_Name, Module_Addr_1))
        {
            if (Module_Addr_1 != Module_Addr)   //new module
            {
                // Save module's address and full path.
                Module_Addr = Module_Addr_1;
                Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "%08X  %s", Module_Addr, Module_Name);
            }

            // Save call offset.
            Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len,
                NL "  +%08X", Ebp->Ret_Addr - Module_Addr);

            // Save 5 params of the call. We don't know the real number of params.
            if (pException && !Ret_Addr_I)  //fake frame for exception address
                Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, "  Exception Offset");
            else if (!IsBadReadPtr(Ebp, sizeof(PSTACK) + 5 * sizeof(DWORD)))
            {
                Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, "  (%X, %X, %X, %X, %X)",
                    Ebp->Param[0], Ebp->Param[1], Ebp->Param[2], Ebp->Param[3], Ebp->Param[4]);
            }
        }
        else
            Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "%08X", Ebp->Ret_Addr);
    }

    return Str_Len;
} //Get_Call_Stack

//***********************************
int WINAPI Get_Version_Str(PCHAR Str)
//***********************************
// Fill Str with Windows version.
{
    OSVERSIONINFOEX V = {sizeof(OSVERSIONINFOEX)};  //EX for NT 5.0 and later

    if (!GetVersionEx((POSVERSIONINFO)&V))
    {
        ZeroMemory(&V, sizeof(V));
        V.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO);
        GetVersionEx((POSVERSIONINFO)&V);
    }

    if (V.dwPlatformId != VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT)
        V.dwBuildNumber = LOWORD(V.dwBuildNumber);  //for 9x HIWORD(dwBuildNumber) = 0x04xx

    return wsprintf(Str,
        NL "Windows:  %d.%d.%d, SP %d.%d, Product Type %d", //SP - service pack, Product Type - VER_NT_WORKSTATION,...
        V.dwMajorVersion, V.dwMinorVersion, V.dwBuildNumber, V.wServicePackMajor, V.wServicePackMinor/*, V.wProductType*/);
} //Get_Version_Str

//*************************************************************
PCHAR WINAPI Get_Exception_Info(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException)
//*************************************************************
// Allocate Str[DUMP_SIZE_MAX] and return Str with dump, if !pException - just return call stack in Str.
{
    PCHAR       Str;
    int         Str_Len;
    int         i;
    CHAR        Module_Name[MAX_PATH];
    PBYTE       Module_Addr;
    HANDLE      hFile;
    FILETIME    Last_Write_Time;
    FILETIME    Local_File_Time;
    SYSTEMTIME  T;

    Str = new CHAR[DUMP_SIZE_MAX];

    if (!Str)
        return NULL;

    Str_Len = 0;
    Str_Len += Get_Version_Str(Str + Str_Len);

    Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "Process:  ");
    GetModuleFileName(NULL, Str + Str_Len, MAX_PATH);
    Str_Len = lstrlen(Str);

    // If exception occurred.
    if (pException)
    {
        EXCEPTION_RECORD &  E = *pException->ExceptionRecord;
        CONTEXT &           C = *pException->ContextRecord;

        // If module with E.ExceptionAddress found - save its path and date.
        if (Get_Module_By_Ret_Addr((PBYTE)E.ExceptionAddress, Module_Name, Module_Addr))
        {
            Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len,
                NL "Module:  %s", Module_Name);

            if ((hFile = CreateFile(Module_Name, GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
                FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL)) != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
            {
                if (GetFileTime(hFile, NULL, NULL, &Last_Write_Time))
                {
                    FileTimeToLocalFileTime(&Last_Write_Time, &Local_File_Time);
                    FileTimeToSystemTime(&Local_File_Time, &T);

                    Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len,
                        NL "Date Modified:  %02d/%02d/%d",
                        T.wMonth, T.wDay, T.wYear);
                }
                CloseHandle(hFile);
            }
        }
        else
        {
            Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len,
                NL "Exception Addr:  %08X", E.ExceptionAddress);
        }

        Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len,
            NL "Exception Code:  %08X", E.ExceptionCode);

        if (E.ExceptionCode == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION)
        {
            // Access violation type - Write/Read.
            Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len,
                NL "%s Address:  %08X",
                (E.ExceptionInformation[0]) ? "Write" : "Read", E.ExceptionInformation[1]);
        }

        // Save instruction that caused exception.
        Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "Instruction: ");
        for (i = 0; i < 16; i++)
            Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, " %02X", PBYTE(E.ExceptionAddress)[i]);

        // Save registers at exception.
        Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "Registers:");
        Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "EAX: %08X  EBX: %08X  ECX: %08X  EDX: %08X", C.Eax, C.Ebx, C.Ecx, C.Edx);
        Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "ESI: %08X  EDI: %08X  ESP: %08X  EBP: %08X", C.Esi, C.Edi, C.Esp, C.Ebp);
        Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "EIP: %08X  EFlags: %08X", C.Eip, C.EFlags);
    } //if (pException)

    // Save call stack info.
    Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "Call Stack:");
    Get_Call_Stack(pException, Str + Str_Len);

    if (Str[0] == NL[0])
        lstrcpy(Str, Str + sizeof(NL) - 1);

    return Str;
} //Get_Exception_Info

//*************************************************************************************
void WINAPI Create_Dump(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException, BOOL File_Flag, BOOL Show_Flag)
//*************************************************************************************
// Create dump.
// pException can be either GetExceptionInformation() or NULL.
// If File_Flag = TRUE - write dump files (.dmz and .dmp) with the name of the current process.
// If Show_Flag = TRUE - show message with Get_Exception_Info() dump.
{
    HANDLE  hDump_File;
    PCHAR   Str;
    DWORD   Bytes;
    DWORD   nLen = 0;

    CString strDir,strTXTFile,strDMPFile;
    CString strDate,strTotal;
    CTime   tm = CTime::GetCurrentTime();

    strDir.Format(_T("%s\\Log"),GetExePath());
    strTXTFile.Format(_T("%s\\Log\\%04d-%02d-%02d %02d%02d%02d.txt"),GetExePath(),tm.GetYear(),tm.GetMonth(),
        tm.GetDay(),tm.GetHour(),tm.GetMinute(),tm.GetSecond());
    strDMPFile.Format(_T("%s\\Log\\%04d-%02d-%02d %02d%02d%02d.dmp"),GetExePath(),tm.GetYear(),tm.GetMonth(),
        tm.GetDay(),tm.GetHour(),tm.GetMinute(),tm.GetSecond());

    if(!PathFileExists(strDir))
        CreateDirectory(strDir,NULL);

    Str = Get_Exception_Info(pException);

    //if (Show_Flag && Str)
    //  MessageBox(NULL, Str, "MiniDump", MB_ICONHAND | MB_OK);

    if (File_Flag)
    {
        if (Str)
        {
            hDump_File = CreateFile(strTXTFile,
                GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);

            nLen = lstrlen(Str);
            Str[nLen] = '\0';

            WriteFile(hDump_File, Str, lstrlen(Str) + 1, &Bytes, NULL);

            CloseHandle(hDump_File);
        }

        // If MiniDumpWriteDump() of DbgHelp.dll available.
        if (MiniDumpWriteDump_)
        {
            MINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION  M;

            M.ThreadId = GetCurrentThreadId();
            M.ExceptionPointers = pException;
            M.ClientPointers = 0;

            hDump_File = CreateFile(strDMPFile,
                GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);

            MiniDumpWriteDump_(GetCurrentProcess(), GetCurrentProcessId(), hDump_File,
                MiniDumpNormal, (pException) ? &M : NULL, NULL, NULL);

            CloseHandle(hDump_File);
        }
    } //if (File_Flag)

    delete Str;
} //Create_Dump

/* Author: Vladimir Sedach. Purpose: demo of Call Stack creation by our own means, and with MiniDumpWriteDump() function of DbgHelp.dll. */ #include "StdAfx.h" #include "MiniDump.h" #include <Shlwapi.h> #pragma comment(lib,"shlwapi.lib") HMODULE hDbgHelp; MINIDUMP_WRITE_DUMP MiniDumpWriteDump_; CREATE_TOOL_HELP32_SNAPSHOT CreateToolhelp32Snapshot_; MODULE32_FIRST Module32First_; MODULE32_NEST Module32Next_; #define DUMP_SIZE_MAX 8000 //max size of our dump #define CALL_TRACE_MAX ((DUMP_SIZE_MAX - 2000) / (MAX_PATH + 40)) //max number of traced calls #define NL "\r\n" //new line extern CString GetExePath(); //**************************************************************************************** BOOL WINAPI Get_Module_By_Ret_Addr(PBYTE Ret_Addr, PCHAR Module_Name, PBYTE & Module_Addr) //**************************************************************************************** // Find module by Ret_Addr (address in the module). // Return Module_Name (full path) and Module_Addr (start address). // Return TRUE if found. { MODULEENTRY32 M = {sizeof(M)}; HANDLE hSnapshot; Module_Name[0] = 0; if (CreateToolhelp32Snapshot_) { hSnapshot = CreateToolhelp32Snapshot_(TH32CS_SNAPMODULE, 0); if ((hSnapshot != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) && Module32First_(hSnapshot, &M)) { do { if (DWORD(Ret_Addr - M.modBaseAddr) < M.modBaseSize) { lstrcpyn(Module_Name, M.szExePath, MAX_PATH); Module_Addr = M.modBaseAddr; break; } } while (Module32Next_(hSnapshot, &M)); } CloseHandle(hSnapshot); } return !!Module_Name[0]; } //Get_Module_By_Ret_Addr //****************************************************************** int WINAPI Get_Call_Stack(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException, PCHAR Str) //****************************************************************** // Fill Str with call stack info. // pException can be either GetExceptionInformation() or NULL. // If pException = NULL - get current call stack. { CHAR Module_Name[MAX_PATH]; PBYTE Module_Addr = 0; PBYTE Module_Addr_1; int Str_Len; typedef struct STACK { STACK * Ebp; PBYTE Ret_Addr; DWORD Param[0]; } STACK, * PSTACK; STACK Stack = {0, 0}; PSTACK Ebp; if (pException) //fake frame for exception address { Stack.Ebp = (PSTACK)pException->ContextRecord->Ebp; Stack.Ret_Addr = (PBYTE)pException->ExceptionRecord->ExceptionAddress; Ebp = &Stack; } else { Ebp = (PSTACK)&pException - 1; //frame addr of Get_Call_Stack() // Skip frame of Get_Call_Stack(). if (!IsBadReadPtr(Ebp, sizeof(PSTACK))) Ebp = Ebp->Ebp; //caller ebp } Str[0] = 0; Str_Len = 0; // Trace CALL_TRACE_MAX calls maximum - not to exceed DUMP_SIZE_MAX. // Break trace on wrong stack frame. for (int Ret_Addr_I = 0; (Ret_Addr_I < CALL_TRACE_MAX) && !IsBadReadPtr(Ebp, sizeof(PSTACK)) && !IsBadCodePtr(FARPROC(Ebp->Ret_Addr)); Ret_Addr_I++, Ebp = Ebp->Ebp) { // If module with Ebp->Ret_Addr found. if (Get_Module_By_Ret_Addr(Ebp->Ret_Addr, Module_Name, Module_Addr_1)) { if (Module_Addr_1 != Module_Addr) //new module { // Save module's address and full path. Module_Addr = Module_Addr_1; Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "%08X %s", Module_Addr, Module_Name); } // Save call offset. Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL " +%08X", Ebp->Ret_Addr - Module_Addr); // Save 5 params of the call. We don't know the real number of params. if (pException && !Ret_Addr_I) //fake frame for exception address Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, " Exception Offset"); else if (!IsBadReadPtr(Ebp, sizeof(PSTACK) + 5 * sizeof(DWORD))) { Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, " (%X, %X, %X, %X, %X)", Ebp->Param[0], Ebp->Param[1], Ebp->Param[2], Ebp->Param[3], Ebp->Param[4]); } } else Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "%08X", Ebp->Ret_Addr); } return Str_Len; } //Get_Call_Stack //*********************************** int WINAPI Get_Version_Str(PCHAR Str) //*********************************** // Fill Str with Windows version. { OSVERSIONINFOEX V = {sizeof(OSVERSIONINFOEX)}; //EX for NT 5.0 and later if (!GetVersionEx((POSVERSIONINFO)&V)) { ZeroMemory(&V, sizeof(V)); V.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO); GetVersionEx((POSVERSIONINFO)&V); } if (V.dwPlatformId != VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT) V.dwBuildNumber = LOWORD(V.dwBuildNumber); //for 9x HIWORD(dwBuildNumber) = 0x04xx return wsprintf(Str, NL "Windows: %d.%d.%d, SP %d.%d, Product Type %d", //SP - service pack, Product Type - VER_NT_WORKSTATION,... V.dwMajorVersion, V.dwMinorVersion, V.dwBuildNumber, V.wServicePackMajor, V.wServicePackMinor/*, V.wProductType*/); } //Get_Version_Str //************************************************************* PCHAR WINAPI Get_Exception_Info(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException) //************************************************************* // Allocate Str[DUMP_SIZE_MAX] and return Str with dump, if !pException - just return call stack in Str. { PCHAR Str; int Str_Len; int i; CHAR Module_Name[MAX_PATH]; PBYTE Module_Addr; HANDLE hFile; FILETIME Last_Write_Time; FILETIME Local_File_Time; SYSTEMTIME T; Str = new CHAR[DUMP_SIZE_MAX]; if (!Str) return NULL; Str_Len = 0; Str_Len += Get_Version_Str(Str + Str_Len); Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "Process: "); GetModuleFileName(NULL, Str + Str_Len, MAX_PATH); Str_Len = lstrlen(Str); // If exception occurred. if (pException) { EXCEPTION_RECORD & E = *pException->ExceptionRecord; CONTEXT & C = *pException->ContextRecord; // If module with E.ExceptionAddress found - save its path and date. if (Get_Module_By_Ret_Addr((PBYTE)E.ExceptionAddress, Module_Name, Module_Addr)) { Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "Module: %s", Module_Name); if ((hFile = CreateFile(Module_Name, GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL)) != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) { if (GetFileTime(hFile, NULL, NULL, &Last_Write_Time)) { FileTimeToLocalFileTime(&Last_Write_Time, &Local_File_Time); FileTimeToSystemTime(&Local_File_Time, &T); Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "Date Modified: %02d/%02d/%d", T.wMonth, T.wDay, T.wYear); } CloseHandle(hFile); } } else { Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "Exception Addr: %08X", E.ExceptionAddress); } Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "Exception Code: %08X", E.ExceptionCode); if (E.ExceptionCode == EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION) { // Access violation type - Write/Read. Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "%s Address: %08X", (E.ExceptionInformation[0]) ? "Write" : "Read", E.ExceptionInformation[1]); } // Save instruction that caused exception. Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "Instruction: "); for (i = 0; i < 16; i++) Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, " %02X", PBYTE(E.ExceptionAddress)[i]); // Save registers at exception. Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "Registers:"); Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "EAX: %08X EBX: %08X ECX: %08X EDX: %08X", C.Eax, C.Ebx, C.Ecx, C.Edx); Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "ESI: %08X EDI: %08X ESP: %08X EBP: %08X", C.Esi, C.Edi, C.Esp, C.Ebp); Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "EIP: %08X EFlags: %08X", C.Eip, C.EFlags); } //if (pException) // Save call stack info. Str_Len += wsprintf(Str + Str_Len, NL "Call Stack:"); Get_Call_Stack(pException, Str + Str_Len); if (Str[0] == NL[0]) lstrcpy(Str, Str + sizeof(NL) - 1); return Str; } //Get_Exception_Info //************************************************************************************* void WINAPI Create_Dump(PEXCEPTION_POINTERS pException, BOOL File_Flag, BOOL Show_Flag) //************************************************************************************* // Create dump. // pException can be either GetExceptionInformation() or NULL. // If File_Flag = TRUE - write dump files (.dmz and .dmp) with the name of the current process. // If Show_Flag = TRUE - show message with Get_Exception_Info() dump. { HANDLE hDump_File; PCHAR Str; DWORD Bytes; DWORD nLen = 0; CString strDir,strTXTFile,strDMPFile; CString strDate,strTotal; CTime tm = CTime::GetCurrentTime(); strDir.Format(_T("%s\\Log"),GetExePath()); strTXTFile.Format(_T("%s\\Log\\%04d-%02d-%02d %02d%02d%02d.txt"),GetExePath(),tm.GetYear(),tm.GetMonth(), tm.GetDay(),tm.GetHour(),tm.GetMinute(),tm.GetSecond()); strDMPFile.Format(_T("%s\\Log\\%04d-%02d-%02d %02d%02d%02d.dmp"),GetExePath(),tm.GetYear(),tm.GetMonth(), tm.GetDay(),tm.GetHour(),tm.GetMinute(),tm.GetSecond()); if(!PathFileExists(strDir)) CreateDirectory(strDir,NULL); Str = Get_Exception_Info(pException); //if (Show_Flag && Str) // MessageBox(NULL, Str, "MiniDump", MB_ICONHAND | MB_OK); if (File_Flag) { if (Str) { hDump_File = CreateFile(strTXTFile, GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL); nLen = lstrlen(Str); Str[nLen] = '\0'; WriteFile(hDump_File, Str, lstrlen(Str) + 1, &Bytes, NULL); CloseHandle(hDump_File); } // If MiniDumpWriteDump() of DbgHelp.dll available. if (MiniDumpWriteDump_) { MINIDUMP_EXCEPTION_INFORMATION M; M.ThreadId = GetCurrentThreadId(); M.ExceptionPointers = pException; M.ClientPointers = 0; hDump_File = CreateFile(strDMPFile, GENERIC_WRITE, 0, NULL, CREATE_ALWAYS, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL); MiniDumpWriteDump_(GetCurrentProcess(), GetCurrentProcessId(), hDump_File, MiniDumpNormal, (pException) ? &M : NULL, NULL, NULL); CloseHandle(hDump_File); } } //if (File_Flag) delete Str; } //Create_Dump
具体参考方法如下：

1、在CXXDlg::OnInitDialog()中添加这样一段：

SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(CrashReportEx);
HMODULE hKernel32;

// Try to get MiniDumpWriteDump() address.
hDbgHelp = LoadLibrary("DBGHELP.DLL");
MiniDumpWriteDump_ = (MINIDUMP_WRITE_DUMP)GetProcAddress(hDbgHelp, "MiniDumpWriteDump");
//  d("hDbgHelp=%X, MiniDumpWriteDump_=%X", hDbgHelp, MiniDumpWriteDump_);

// Try to get Tool Help library functions.
hKernel32 = GetModuleHandle("KERNEL32");
CreateToolhelp32Snapshot_ = (CREATE_TOOL_HELP32_SNAPSHOT)GetProcAddress(hKernel32, "CreateToolhelp32Snapshot");
Module32First_ = (MODULE32_FIRST)GetProcAddress(hKernel32, "Module32First");
Module32Next_ = (MODULE32_NEST)GetProcAddress(hKernel32, "Module32Next");

SetUnhandledExceptionFilter(CrashReportEx); HMODULE hKernel32; // Try to get MiniDumpWriteDump() address. hDbgHelp = LoadLibrary("DBGHELP.DLL"); MiniDumpWriteDump_ = (MINIDUMP_WRITE_DUMP)GetProcAddress(hDbgHelp, "MiniDumpWriteDump"); // d("hDbgHelp=%X, MiniDumpWriteDump_=%X", hDbgHelp, MiniDumpWriteDump_); // Try to get Tool Help library functions. hKernel32 = GetModuleHandle("KERNEL32"); CreateToolhelp32Snapshot_ = (CREATE_TOOL_HELP32_SNAPSHOT)GetProcAddress(hKernel32, "CreateToolhelp32Snapshot"); Module32First_ = (MODULE32_FIRST)GetProcAddress(hKernel32, "Module32First"); Module32Next_ = (MODULE32_NEST)GetProcAddress(hKernel32, "Module32Next");

测试代码如下：

class CTestDlg : public CDialog
{
// Construction
public:
    CTestDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL); // standard constructor

    void Fun1(char *pszBuffer);
    void Fun2(char *pszBuffer);
    void Fun3(char *pszBuffer);
};

class CTestDlg : public CDialog { // Construction public: CTestDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL); // standard constructor void Fun1(char *pszBuffer); void Fun2(char *pszBuffer); void Fun3(char *pszBuffer); };

void CTestDlg::Fun1(char *pszBuffer)
{
    Fun2(pszBuffer);
}

void CTestDlg::Fun2(char *pszBuffer)
{
    Fun3(pszBuffer);
}

void CTestDlg::Fun3(char *pszBuffer)
{
    pszBuffer[1] = 0x00;
}

void CTestDlg::Fun1(char *pszBuffer) { Fun2(pszBuffer); } void CTestDlg::Fun2(char *pszBuffer) { Fun3(pszBuffer); } void CTestDlg::Fun3(char *pszBuffer) { pszBuffer[1] = 0x00; }
我们在双击确定按钮时的响应代码如下：

void CTestDlg::OnOK()
{
    // TODO: Add extra validation here
    Fun1(NULL);
}

void CTestDlg::OnOK() { // TODO: Add extra validation here Fun1(NULL); }

2、设置VC编译选项，勾选生成MAP和Debug Info:

3、将编译生成的Release目录中的pdb、map文件保存起来，以后调试会用到：

4、运行程序，单击确定按钮出现异常后自动重启，并创建一个Log文件夹，里面生成dump文件:

5、我们打开WinDbg，设置一下pdb路径(File \ Symbol File Path)：

6、用WiinDbg打开dump文件（File \ Open Crash Dump）

7、输入命令!analyze -v，等待几秒后会打印出错误信息，函数调用栈如下图：

OK ，这样我们就能在发布版本的程序中，准确的定位到哪个函数出了问题，所以发布程序时，一定要记得生成pdb、map文件，不然客户运行出错的话，你不死也残！

测试工程下载地址：

http://download.csdn.net/source/3575167

 

 

http://blog.csdn.net/wangningyu/article/details/6748138