微信公众平台消息接口-java-jsp版

微信公众平台现在推出自动回复消息接口,但是由于是接口内容用的是PHP语言写的,很多地方操作起来让本人这个对java比较熟悉的小伙很别扭,所以仿照PHP的接口代码做了一套jsp语言编写的接口。

首先先把整个接口代码贴出来做下比较,然后我们再分析代码:

PHP:

<?php
/**
  * wechat php test
  */

//define your token
define("TOKEN", "weixin");
$wechatObj = new wechatCallbackapiTest();
$wechatObj->valid();

class wechatCallbackapiTest
{
	public function valid()
    {
        $echoStr = $_GET["echostr"];

        //valid signature , option
        if($this->checkSignature()){
        	echo $echoStr;
        	exit;
        }
    }

    public function responseMsg()
    {
		//get post data, May be due to the different environments
		$postStr = $GLOBALS["HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA"];

      	//extract post data
		if (!empty($postStr)){
                
              	$postObj = simplexml_load_string($postStr, 'SimpleXMLElement', LIBXML_NOCDATA);
                $fromUsername = $postObj->FromUserName;
                $toUsername = $postObj->ToUserName;
                $keyword = trim($postObj->Content);
                $time = time();
                $textTpl = "<xml>
							<ToUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></ToUserName>
							<FromUserName><![CDATA[%s]]></FromUserName>
							<CreateTime>%s</CreateTime>
							<MsgType><![CDATA[%s]]></MsgType>
							<Content><![CDATA[%s]]></Content>
							<FuncFlag>0</FuncFlag>
							</xml>";             
				if(!empty( $keyword ))
                {
              		$msgType = "text";
                	$contentStr = "Welcome to wechat world!";
                	$resultStr = sprintf($textTpl, $fromUsername, $toUsername, $time, $msgType, $contentStr);
                	echo $resultStr;
                }else{
                	echo "Input something...";
                }

        }else {
        	echo "";
        	exit;
        }
    }
		
	private function checkSignature()
	{
        $signature = $_GET["signature"];
        $timestamp = $_GET["timestamp"];
        $nonce = $_GET["nonce"];	
        		
		$token = TOKEN;
		$tmpArr = array($token, $timestamp, $nonce);
		sort($tmpArr);
		$tmpStr = implode( $tmpArr );
		$tmpStr = sha1( $tmpStr );
		
		if( $tmpStr == $signature ){
			return true;
		}else{
			return false;
		}
	}
}

?>

JAVA:

<%@page import="java.util.Date"%>
<%@page import="org.dom4j.Element"%>
<%@page import="org.dom4j.DocumentHelper"%>
<%@page import="org.dom4j.Document"%>
<%@page import="java.io.IOException"%>
<%@page import="java.io.InputStreamReader"%>
<%@page import="java.io.BufferedReader"%>
<%@page import="java.io.Reader"%>
<%@page import="java.security.MessageDigest"%>
<%@page import="java.util.Arrays"%>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<%
	//WeiXinHandler为内部类不能使用非final类型的对象
	final String TOKEN="weixin";
	final HttpServletRequest final_request=request; 
	final HttpServletResponse final_response=response;
%>
<% 
class WeiXinHandler{
	public void valid(){
		String echostr=final_request.getParameter("echostr");
		if(null==echostr||echostr.isEmpty()){
			responseMsg();
		}else{
			if(this.checkSignature()){
				this.print(echostr);
			}else{
				this.print("error");                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         
			}
		}
	}
	//自动回复内容
	public void responseMsg(){
		String postStr=null;
		try{
			postStr=this.readStreamParameter(final_request.getInputStream());
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		//System.out.println(postStr);
		if (null!=postStr&&!postStr.isEmpty()){
			Document document=null;
			try{
				document = DocumentHelper.parseText(postStr);
			}catch(Exception e){
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
			if(null==document){
				this.print("");
				return;
			}
			Element root=document.getRootElement();
            String fromUsername = root.elementText("FromUserName");
            String toUsername = root.elementText("ToUserName");
            String keyword = root.elementTextTrim("Content");
            String time = new Date().getTime()+"";
            String textTpl = "<xml>"+
						"<ToUserName><![CDATA[%1$s]]></ToUserName>"+
						"<FromUserName><![CDATA[%2$s]]></FromUserName>"+
						"<CreateTime>%3$s</CreateTime>"+
						"<MsgType><![CDATA[%4$s]]></MsgType>"+
						"<Content><![CDATA[%5$s]]></Content>"+
						"<FuncFlag>0</FuncFlag>"+
						"</xml>";             
			
			if(null!=keyword&&!keyword.equals(""))
            {
          		String msgType = "text";
            	String contentStr = "Welcome to wechat world!";
            	String resultStr = textTpl.format(textTpl, fromUsername, toUsername, time, msgType, contentStr);
            	this.print(resultStr);
            }else{
            	this.print("Input something...");
            }

	    }else {
	    	this.print("");
	    }
	}
	//微信接口验证
	public boolean checkSignature(){
		String signature = final_request.getParameter("signature");
        String timestamp = final_request.getParameter("timestamp");
        String nonce = final_request.getParameter("nonce");
        String token=TOKEN;
        String[] tmpArr={token,timestamp,nonce};
        Arrays.sort(tmpArr);
        String tmpStr=this.ArrayToString(tmpArr);
        tmpStr=this.SHA1Encode(tmpStr);
        if(tmpStr.equalsIgnoreCase(signature)){
			return true;
		}else{
			return false;
		}
	}
	//向请求端发送返回数据
	public void print(String content){
		try{
			final_response.getWriter().print(content);
			final_response.getWriter().flush();
			final_response.getWriter().close();
		}catch(Exception e){
			
		}
	}
	//数组转字符串
	public String ArrayToString(String [] arr){
		StringBuffer bf = new StringBuffer();
		for(int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++){
		 bf.append(arr[i]);
		}
		return bf.toString();
	}
	//sha1加密
	public String SHA1Encode(String sourceString) {
		String resultString = null;
		try {
		   resultString = new String(sourceString);
		   MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance("SHA-1");
		   resultString = byte2hexString(md.digest(resultString.getBytes()));
		} catch (Exception ex) {
		}
		return resultString;
	}
	public final String byte2hexString(byte[] bytes) {
		StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer(bytes.length * 2);
		for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
			if (((int) bytes[i] & 0xff) < 0x10) {
		    	buf.append("0");
		   	}
			buf.append(Long.toString((int) bytes[i] & 0xff, 16));
		}
		return buf.toString().toUpperCase();
	}
	//从输入流读取post参数
	public String readStreamParameter(ServletInputStream in){
		StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();
		BufferedReader reader=null;
		try{
			reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
			String line=null;
			while((line = reader.readLine())!=null){
				buffer.append(line);
	        }
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			if(null!=reader){
				try {
					reader.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
		return buffer.toString();
	}
}
%>
<%
	WeiXinHandler handler=new WeiXinHandler();
	handler.valid();
%>

以上就是PHP接口和JSP接口的所有代码,现在我们来对一些需要注意的地方做下分析:

首先的从总体看的话,jsp要比PHP繁琐一些,因为很多函数需要自己写,像sha1加密,解析xml字符串等都需要自己找第三方的库。

第一点,我们要获取微信公众平台给jsp发送的post或get参数,正常情况下都是用request.getParameter就可以获取到,但是在写的过程中发现PHP是这样获取

$postStr = $GLOBALS["HTTP_RAW_POST_DATA"];
这时通过查询一些资料知道这样获取的是无法通过$_GET或$_POST函数得到的” 未识别 MIME 类型的数据“,原始的 POST 数据

(参考:http://blog.csdn.net/china_skag/article/details/7284227)

所以这里使用获取原始数据流的方式来解析post的xml数据

String postStr=null;
		try{
			postStr=this.readStreamParameter(final_request.getInputStream());
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

//从输入流读取post参数
	public String readStreamParameter(ServletInputStream in){
		StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();
		BufferedReader reader=null;
		try{
			reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
			String line=null;
			while((line = reader.readLine())!=null){
				buffer.append(line);
	        }
		}catch(Exception e){
			e.printStackTrace();
		}finally{
			if(null!=reader){
				try {
					reader.close();
				} catch (IOException e) {
					e.printStackTrace();
				}
			}
		}
		return buffer.toString();
	}

第二个,是response消息返回给微信平台,我尝试的用最一般的out.print去做,但是发现没反应,观察PHP的代码写法

echo "";
exit;
猜想可能需要有个刷新的操作才能把消息response回去,于是找了下response内的一些函数做出以下尝试

//向请求端发送返回数据
	public void print(String content){
		try{
			final_response.getWriter().print(content);
			final_response.getWriter().flush();
			final_response.getWriter().close();
		}catch(Exception e){
			
		}
	}

发现以上做法是可以在微信发送端得到消息的;


第三个,接口描述上说目前只支持80端口的服务端地址,所以我这里的做法是用apache服务器路由到tomcat的jsp上


关于微信公众平台的消息接口的详细介绍,可以参看微信公众平台的官方文档,里面介绍了消息的xml的格式和消息的发送方式等。






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