dbunit使用

 

关键字: dbunit使用

1.dbunit从名字上可以看出，是对有关数据库操作的测试。官网: www.dbunit.org从官网下载dbunit相关的jar包，dbunit还依赖于 http://www.slf4j.org和commons-logging.jar，所以也需要下载slf4j，使用它的slf4j-api-1.5.3.jar和slf4j-jcl-1.5.3.jar。

dbunit的原理是：它会把数据库表里的数据和一个xml文件里表示的数据关联起来。也就是说 数据库表里的数据可以导出到一个对应的xml里，同时也可以将一个xml里的数据导入到数据库表里。是相互转换的。
                 数据库表里的数据 <===> xml文件

可以做个测试如下：

package com.test.dbunit;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;

import org.dbunit.database.DatabaseConnection;
import org.dbunit.database.IDatabaseConnection;
import org.dbunit.database.QueryDataSet;
import org.dbunit.dataset.xml.FlatXmlDataSet;

public class TestApp {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

        Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
                "jdbc:mysql://localhost/dbunit", "root", "");

        IDatabaseConnection connection = new DatabaseConnection(conn);
        QueryDataSet dataSet = new QueryDataSet(connection);
        //将整个person表里的数据导出到 xml文件里
        dataSet.addTable("person");
        //将users表里符合条件的数据导出到xml文件里
        dataSet.addTable("users","select * from users where id < 4");
        //导出到dbunit.xml文件里
        FlatXmlDataSet.write(dataSet,new FileOutputStream("dbunit.xml"));
    }

}

package com.test.dbunit;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;

import org.dbunit.database.DatabaseConnection;
import org.dbunit.database.IDatabaseConnection;
import org.dbunit.database.QueryDataSet;
import org.dbunit.dataset.xml.FlatXmlDataSet;

public class TestApp {
	
	public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
		Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

		Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
				"jdbc:mysql://localhost/dbunit", "root", "");
		
		IDatabaseConnection connection = new DatabaseConnection(conn);
		QueryDataSet dataSet = new QueryDataSet(connection);
		//将整个person表里的数据导出到 xml文件里
		dataSet.addTable("person");
		//将users表里符合条件的数据导出到xml文件里
		dataSet.addTable("users","select * from users where id < 4");
		//导出到dbunit.xml文件里
		FlatXmlDataSet.write(dataSet,new FileOutputStream("dbunit.xml"));
	}

}

如果想把某个数据库里的所有表里的数据全部导出到某个xml里,又不想通过addTable一个个来添加的话。则必须通过IDatabaseConnection的createDataSet()来创建IDataSet

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
        Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

        Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
                "jdbc:mysql://localhost/dbunit", "root", "");

        IDatabaseConnection connection = new DatabaseConnection(conn);
        //如果想把某个数据库里的所有表里的数据全部导出到某个xml里,又不想通过addTable一个个来添加的话。则必须通过IDatabaseConnection的createDataSet()来创建IDataSet
        IDataSet dataSet = connection.createDataSet();
        //导出到dbunit.xml文件里
        FlatXmlDataSet.write(dataSet,new FileOutputStream("dbunit1.xml"));
        //也可以用FlatDtdDataSet导出一个对应的dtd文件
        FlatDtdDataSet.write(dataSet,new FileOutputStream("dbunit1.dtd"));
    }

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
		Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

		Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
				"jdbc:mysql://localhost/dbunit", "root", "");
		
		IDatabaseConnection connection = new DatabaseConnection(conn);
		//如果想把某个数据库里的所有表里的数据全部导出到某个xml里,又不想通过addTable一个个来添加的话。则必须通过IDatabaseConnection的createDataSet()来创建IDataSet
		IDataSet dataSet = connection.createDataSet();
		//导出到dbunit.xml文件里
		FlatXmlDataSet.write(dataSet,new FileOutputStream("dbunit1.xml"));
		//也可以用FlatDtdDataSet导出一个对应的dtd文件
		FlatDtdDataSet.write(dataSet,new FileOutputStream("dbunit1.dtd"));
	}

生成的dbunit.xml内容如下：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<dataset>
  <person/>
  <users id="1" username="zhangsan" password="123"/>
  <users id="2" username="lisi" password="456"/>
  <users id="3" username="wangwu" password="789"/>
</dataset>

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<dataset>
  <person/>
  <users id="1" username="zhangsan" password="123"/>
  <users id="2" username="lisi" password="456"/>
  <users id="3" username="wangwu" password="789"/>
</dataset>

2.用dbunit做测试，需要继承DBTestCase,并需要重写protected IDataSet getDataSet() throws Exception

package com.test.dbunit;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;

import org.dbunit.Assertion;
import org.dbunit.DBTestCase;
import org.dbunit.PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester;
import org.dbunit.dataset.IDataSet;
import org.dbunit.dataset.ITable;
import org.dbunit.dataset.SortedTable;
import org.dbunit.dataset.filter.DefaultColumnFilter;
import org.dbunit.dataset.xml.FlatXmlDataSet;
import org.dbunit.operation.DatabaseOperation;
public class SimpleTest extends DBTestCase {

    public SimpleTest()
    {
//      super();
        System.setProperty(
                PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester.DBUNIT_DRIVER_CLASS,
                "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
        System.setProperty(
                PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester.DBUNIT_CONNECTION_URL,
                "jdbc:mysql://localhost/dbunit");
        System.setProperty(PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester.DBUNIT_USERNAME,
                "root");
        System.setProperty(PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester.DBUNIT_PASSWORD,
                "");
    }

    /**
     * 给定数据集
     */
    @Override
    protected IDataSet getDataSet() throws Exception {
        System.out.println("init...");
        return new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit.xml"));
    }

    public void test1() throws Exception{
        IDataSet dbDataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
        ITable dbTable = dbDataSet.getTable("users");

        IDataSet xmlDataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit.xml"));
        ITable xmlTable = xmlDataSet.getTable("users");

        Assertion.assertEquals(xmlTable, dbTable);
    }
    /**
     * 表结构和dbunit1.xml结构不一致
     */
    public void test2() throws Exception{
        IDataSet dbDataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
        ITable dbTable = dbDataSet.getTable("users");

        IDataSet xmlDataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit1.xml"));
        ITable xmlTable = xmlDataSet.getTable("users");
        //第一种写法
//      dbTable = DefaultColumnFilter.includedColumnsTable(dbTable,xmlTable.getTableMetaData().getColumns());
        //第二种写法
        dbTable = DefaultColumnFilter.includedColumnsTable(dbTable,xmlDataSet.getTableMetaData("users").getColumns());

        Assertion.assertEquals(xmlTable, dbTable);
    }
    /**
     * 只比较username
     */
    public void test3() throws Exception{
        IDataSet dbDataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
        ITable dbTable = dbDataSet.getTable("users");

        IDataSet xmlDataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit1.xml"));
        ITable xmlTable = xmlDataSet.getTable("users");

        dbTable = DefaultColumnFilter.excludedColumnsTable(dbTable, new String[]{"id","password"});
        xmlTable = DefaultColumnFilter.excludedColumnsTable(dbTable, new String[]{"password"});

        Assertion.assertEquals(xmlTable, dbTable);
    }
    /**
     * 表里数据和dbunit2.xml里的数据的顺序不一致
     */
    public void test4() throws Exception{
        IDataSet dbDataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
        ITable dbTable = dbDataSet.getTable("users");

        IDataSet xmlDataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit2.xml"));
        ITable xmlTable = xmlDataSet.getTable("users");

        SortedTable dbSortedTable = new SortedTable(dbTable,new String[]{"id"});
        //按数据库里表结构字段类型来进行排序，如果是int则按int排序，不是依照字符串的形式排序
        dbSortedTable.setUseComparable(true);

        SortedTable xmlSortedTable = new SortedTable(xmlTable,new String[]{"id"});
        //按数据库里表结构字段类型来进行排序，如果是int则按int排序，不是依照字符串的形式排序
        xmlSortedTable.setUseComparable(true);

        Assertion.assertEquals(xmlSortedTable, dbSortedTable);
    }

    /**
     * 对Users表插入一条记录做测试
     * @throws Exception
     */
    public void test5() throws Exception{
        UsersDB db = new UsersDB();

        Users users = new Users();
        users.setId(9);
        users.setUsername("hello");
        users.setPassword("world");

        db.save(users);

        IDataSet dataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
        ITable actualTable = dataSet.getTable("users");

        IDataSet dataSet2 = new FlatXmlDataSet(new File("expected.xml"));
        ITable expectedTable = dataSet2.getTable("users");

        Assertion.assertEquals(expectedTable, actualTable);
    }

    /**
     * 在把xml里的数据导入到db里之前，需要对数据库里的表的数据做的操作。
     */
    protected DatabaseOperation getSetUpOperation() throws Exception
    {
        System.out.println("setup...");
        return DatabaseOperation.CLEAN_INSERT;
    }
    /**
     * 测试执行完以后，需要对数据库里的表里的数据做的操作
     */
    protected DatabaseOperation getTearDownOperation() throws Exception
    {
        System.out.println("teardown...");
        return DatabaseOperation.DELETE_ALL;
    }

}

package com.test.dbunit;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;

import org.dbunit.Assertion;
import org.dbunit.DBTestCase;
import org.dbunit.PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester;
import org.dbunit.dataset.IDataSet;
import org.dbunit.dataset.ITable;
import org.dbunit.dataset.SortedTable;
import org.dbunit.dataset.filter.DefaultColumnFilter;
import org.dbunit.dataset.xml.FlatXmlDataSet;
import org.dbunit.operation.DatabaseOperation;
public class SimpleTest extends DBTestCase {

	public SimpleTest()
	{
//		super();
		System.setProperty(
				PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester.DBUNIT_DRIVER_CLASS,
				"com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
		System.setProperty(
				PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester.DBUNIT_CONNECTION_URL,
				"jdbc:mysql://localhost/dbunit");
		System.setProperty(PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester.DBUNIT_USERNAME,
				"root");
		System.setProperty(PropertiesBasedJdbcDatabaseTester.DBUNIT_PASSWORD,
				"");
	}
	
	/**
	 * 给定数据集
	 */
	@Override
	protected IDataSet getDataSet() throws Exception {
		System.out.println("init...");
		return new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit.xml"));
	}
	
	public void test1() throws Exception{
		IDataSet dbDataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
		ITable dbTable = dbDataSet.getTable("users");
		
		IDataSet xmlDataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit.xml"));
		ITable xmlTable = xmlDataSet.getTable("users");
		
		Assertion.assertEquals(xmlTable, dbTable);
	}
	/**
	 * 表结构和dbunit1.xml结构不一致
	 */
	public void test2() throws Exception{
		IDataSet dbDataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
		ITable dbTable = dbDataSet.getTable("users");
		
		IDataSet xmlDataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit1.xml"));
		ITable xmlTable = xmlDataSet.getTable("users");
		//第一种写法
//		dbTable = DefaultColumnFilter.includedColumnsTable(dbTable,xmlTable.getTableMetaData().getColumns());
		//第二种写法
		dbTable = DefaultColumnFilter.includedColumnsTable(dbTable,xmlDataSet.getTableMetaData("users").getColumns());
		
		Assertion.assertEquals(xmlTable, dbTable);
	}
	/**
	 * 只比较username
	 */
	public void test3() throws Exception{
		IDataSet dbDataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
		ITable dbTable = dbDataSet.getTable("users");
		
		IDataSet xmlDataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit1.xml"));
		ITable xmlTable = xmlDataSet.getTable("users");
		
		dbTable = DefaultColumnFilter.excludedColumnsTable(dbTable, new String[]{"id","password"});
		xmlTable = DefaultColumnFilter.excludedColumnsTable(dbTable, new String[]{"password"});
		
		Assertion.assertEquals(xmlTable, dbTable);
	}
	/**
	 * 表里数据和dbunit2.xml里的数据的顺序不一致
	 */
	public void test4() throws Exception{
		IDataSet dbDataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
		ITable dbTable = dbDataSet.getTable("users");
		
		IDataSet xmlDataSet = new FlatXmlDataSet(new FileInputStream("dbunit2.xml"));
		ITable xmlTable = xmlDataSet.getTable("users");
		
		SortedTable dbSortedTable = new SortedTable(dbTable,new String[]{"id"});
		//按数据库里表结构字段类型来进行排序，如果是int则按int排序，不是依照字符串的形式排序
		dbSortedTable.setUseComparable(true);
		
		SortedTable xmlSortedTable = new SortedTable(xmlTable,new String[]{"id"});
		//按数据库里表结构字段类型来进行排序，如果是int则按int排序，不是依照字符串的形式排序
		xmlSortedTable.setUseComparable(true);
		
		Assertion.assertEquals(xmlSortedTable, dbSortedTable);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 对Users表插入一条记录做测试
	 * @throws Exception
	 */
	public void test5() throws Exception{
		UsersDB db = new UsersDB();

		Users users = new Users();
		users.setId(9);
		users.setUsername("hello");
		users.setPassword("world");

		db.save(users);

		IDataSet dataSet = getConnection().createDataSet();
		ITable actualTable = dataSet.getTable("users");

		IDataSet dataSet2 = new FlatXmlDataSet(new File("expected.xml"));
		ITable expectedTable = dataSet2.getTable("users");

		Assertion.assertEquals(expectedTable, actualTable);
	}
	
	/**
	 * 在把xml里的数据导入到db里之前，需要对数据库里的表的数据做的操作。
	 */
	protected DatabaseOperation getSetUpOperation() throws Exception
    {
		System.out.println("setup...");
        return DatabaseOperation.CLEAN_INSERT;
    }
	/**
	 * 测试执行完以后，需要对数据库里的表里的数据做的操作
	 */
    protected DatabaseOperation getTearDownOperation() throws Exception
    {
    	System.out.println("teardown...");
        return DatabaseOperation.DELETE_ALL;
    }

}

其中expected.xml内容为：

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<dataset>
  <person/>
  <users id="1" username="zhangsan" password="123"/>
  <users id="2" username="lisi" password="456"/>
  <users id="3" username="wangwu" password="789"/>
  <users id="9" username="hello" password="world"/>
</dataset>

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<dataset>
  <person/>
  <users id="1" username="zhangsan" password="123"/>
  <users id="2" username="lisi" password="456"/>
  <users id="3" username="wangwu" password="789"/>
  <users id="9" username="hello" password="world"/>
</dataset>

dbunit做测试唯一不好的地方就是要大量使用xml文件。