ORA-01652 无法通过128 (在表空间 TEMP中)扩展temp段 剖析解决
1，同事说执行sql报错
同事在plsql里面执行sql报错，报错信息：ora-01652 无法通过128 (在表空间 TEMP中)扩展temp段，如下图所示：
2，查看报错sql语句
Sql比较长，而且无法扩展temp字段，那么基本推断可能有如下2种情况：
（1）oracle的temp临时表空间太小了；
（2）一个性能非常差的笛卡尔积的带全表扫描的sql占用的资源超过了temp的表空间大小。
先看执行的sql语句，sql比较长，所以这种属于（1）（2）的结合情况了，sql如下：
select p.project_cd, b.budget1, b.budget2, b.budget3, b.budget4, b.budget5, b.budget6, b.budget7, b.budget8, b.budget9, b.budget10, b.budget11, b.budget12, b.pledge_budget1, b.pledge_budget2, b.pledge_budget3, b.pledge_budget4, b.pledge_budget5, b.pledge_budget6, b.pledge_budget7, b.pledge_budget8, b.pledge_budget9, b.pledge_budget10, b.pledge_budget11, b.pledge_budget12, x.aa, v.dd, v.ee, v.ff, i.gg, i.hh, i.ii, u.jj, y.mm, y.nn, y.oo, y.pp, l.plan_collection_id, l.cost_total, l.cost_12, l.cost_25, l.approve_total, l.approve_12, l.approve_25, l.accumulative_no, l.property_plan, l.approve, l.remark, l.month_steel_pay, l.month_strategy_pay, p.project_name, l.plan_collection_status, w1, ac.dfk, tt.manual_pay_num, ttt.sf_money, x2.sf_dfk, sf.sfmoney, y2.qq, p.budget_order, uu1.yfdikuan, k1.lastMonthDfk, p.is_home, p.actualpay1508, p.pledgeactualplan1508 from cont_project_code p leftjoin project_budget b on p.project_cd = b.project_cd and b.year = '2016' leftjoin budget_month_plan_collection l on l.project_cd = p.project_cd and l.year = '2016' and l.month = '6' and l.is_marketing isnull leftjoin (select p.project_cd as projectcd, sum(a.sf_money) as aa from cont_actualpay a leftjoin cont_ledger l on l.cont_ledger_id = a.cont_ledger_id leftjoin cont_project_code p on p.project_cd = l.project_cd where l.enable_flg = 1 and a.sp_date < to_date('2016-01-01', 'yyyy-mm-dd') andnvl(l.cont_type_cd2, 0) <> 9 andnvl(l.tex_cont_flg, 0) <> 1 andnvl(l.is_finance, 0) <> 1 groupby p.project_cd) x on x.projectcd = p.project_cd leftjoin (select p.project_cd as projectcd, sum(d.actual_loc_amt) as dd, sum(d.actual_loc_utilities_amt) as ee, sum(d.actual_loc_other_amt) as ff from cont_pay_sum_detail d leftjoin cont_pay_sum s on d.cont_pay_sum_id = s.cont_pay_sum_id leftjoin cont_actualpay a on s.cont_actualpay_id = a.cont_actualpay_id leftjoin cont_project_code p on p.project_cd = a.project_cd where d.is_dikuan = '0' and d.biz_date between to_date('2016-01', 'yyyy-mm') and to_date('2016-6', 'yyyy-mm') groupby p.project_cd) v on v.projectcd = p.project_cd leftjoin (select p.project_cd as projectcd, sum(d.actual_loc_amt) as gg, sum(d.actual_loc_utilities_amt) as hh, sum(d.actual_loc_other_amt) as ii from cont_pay_sum_detail d leftjoin cont_pay_sum s on d.cont_pay_sum_id = s.cont_pay_sum_id leftjoin cont_actualpay a on s.cont_actualpay_id = a.cont_actualpay_id leftjoin cont_project_code p on p.project_cd = a.project_cd where d.is_dikuan = '0' and to_char(d.biz_date, 'yyyy-mm') = '2016-5' groupby p.project_cd) i on i.projectcd = p.project_cd leftjoin (select a.project_cd as projectcd, sum(a.dfk_money1) as jj from cont_actualpay a, cont_ledger t where a.cont_ledger_id = t.cont_ledger_id and t.enable_flg = 1 andnvl(t.cont_type_cd2, 0) <> 9 andnvl(t.tex_cont_flg, 0) <> 1 andnvl(t.is_finance, 0) <> 1 and a.created_date between to_date('2016-01', 'yyyy-mm') and to_date('2016-6', 'yyyy-mm') groupby a.project_cd) u on u.projectcd = p.project_cd leftjoin (select b.project_cd projectcd, sum(b.project_opinion_12) as mm, sum(b.project_opinion_25) as nn, sum(b.cost_opinion_12) as oo, sum(b.cost_opinion_25) as pp, sum(b.finance_pay) as qq from BUDGET_MONTH_PLAN b where b.cont_ledger_id <> '合计' and b.year = 2016 and b.month = 6 groupby b.project_cd) y on y.projectcd = p.project_cd leftjoin (select t.project_cd, sum(t4.convert_currency) as qq from cont_ledger t, cont_actualpay t1, cont_pay_sum t2, cont_pay_sum_detail t3, cont_pay_detail t4 where t.cont_ledger_id = t1.cont_ledger_id and t1.cont_actualpay_id = t2.cont_actualpay_id and t2.cont_pay_sum_id = t3.cont_pay_sum_id and t3.cont_pay_sum_detail_id = t4.cont_pay_sum_detail_id and t.enable_flg = 1 andnvl(t.is_finance, 0) <> 1 andnvl(t.cont_type_cd2, 0) <> 9 andnvl(t.tex_cont_flg, 0) <> 1 and to_char(t3.biz_date, 'yyyy-mm') = '2016-05' and t4.entry_outbgitem_number <> 'b.12' groupby t.project_cd) y2 on y2.project_cd = p.project_cd leftjoin (select t4.project_cd, sum(t0.pay_money) as w1 from cont_pay_detail t0 leftjoin cont_pay_sum_detail t1 on t1.cont_pay_sum_detail_id = t0.cont_pay_sum_detail_id leftjoin cont_pay_sum t2 on t2.cont_pay_sum_id = t1.cont_pay_sum_id leftjoin cont_actualpay t3 on t3.cont_actualpay_id = t2.cont_actualpay_id leftjoin cont_ledger t4 on t4.cont_ledger_id = t3.cont_ledger_id where t0.entry_outbgitem_number = 'b.12' andnvl(t4.cont_type_cd2, 0) <> 9 andnvl(t4.tex_cont_flg, 0) <> 1 andnvl(t4.is_finance, 0) <> 1 groupby t4.project_cd) w on w.project_cd = p.project_cd leftjoin (select a.project_cd as projectcd, sum(a.dfk_money1) as dfk from cont_actualpay a, cont_ledger t where a.status_flg <> '1' and a.cont_ledger_id = t.cont_ledger_id and t.enable_flg = 1 andnvl(t.cont_type_cd2, 0) <> 9 andnvl(t.tex_cont_flg, 0) <> 1 andnvl(t.is_finance, 0) <> 1 and a.sp_date < to_date('2016-6', 'yyyy-mm') groupby a.project_cd) ac on ac.projectcd = p.project_cd leftjoin (select t.project_cd, sum(t.manual_pay_num) manual_pay_num from cont_ledger t where t.enable_flg = 1 andnvl(t.cont_type_cd2, 0) <> 9 andnvl(t.is_finance, 0) <> 1 andnvl(t.tex_cont_flg, 0) <> 1 groupby t.project_cd) tt on tt.project_cd = p.project_cd leftjoin (select t.project_cd, sum(t1.sf_money) sf_money from cont_ledger t leftjoin cont_actualpay t1 on t1.cont_ledger_id = t.cont_ledger_id leftjoin cont_pay_sum t2 on t2.cont_actualpay_id = t1.cont_actualpay_id where1 = 1 andnvl(t.cont_type_cd2, 0) <> 9 andnvl(t.tex_cont_flg, 0) <> 1 andnvl(t.is_finance, 0) <> 1 andnotexists (select1 from cont_pay_sum_detail t3 where t3.cont_pay_sum_id = t2.cont_pay_sum_id) groupby t.project_cd) ttt on ttt.project_cd = p.project_cd leftjoin (select p.project_cd as projectcd, sum(cpd.convert_currency) as sf_dfk from cont_pay_sum_detail d leftjoin cont_pay_sum s on d.cont_pay_sum_id = s.cont_pay_sum_id leftjoin cont_actualpay a on s.cont_actualpay_id = a.cont_actualpay_id leftjoin cont_ledger c on c.cont_ledger_id = a.cont_ledger_id leftjoin cont_project_code p on p.project_cd = c.project_cd leftjoin cont_pay_detail cpd on cpd.cont_pay_sum_detail_id = d.cont_pay_sum_detail_id where cpd.entry_outbgitem_number = 'b.12' and c.enable_flg = '1' and a.status_flg <> '1' andnvl(c.cont_type_cd2, 0) <> 9 andnvl(c.is_finance, 0) <> 1 andnvl(c.tex_cont_flg, 0) <> 1 and a.sp_date < to_date('2016-6', 'yyyy-mm') groupby p.project_cd) x2 on x2.projectcd = p.project_cd leftjoin (select t.project_cd, sum(t4.convert_currency) as sfmoney from cont_ledger t, cont_actualpay t1, cont_pay_sum t2, cont_pay_sum_detail t3, cont_pay_detail t4 where t.cont_ledger_id = t1.cont_ledger_id and t1.cont_actualpay_id = t2.cont_actualpay_id and t2.cont_pay_sum_id = t3.cont_pay_sum_id and t3.cont_pay_sum_detail_id = t4.cont_pay_sum_detail_id and t.enable_flg = 1 andnvl(t.is_finance, 0) <> 1 andnvl(t.cont_type_cd2, 0) <> 9 andnvl(t.tex_cont_flg, 0) <> 1 and t3.biz_date between to_date('2016-01-01', 'yyyy-MM-dd') and to_date('2016-6-01', 'yyyy-MM-dd') and t4.entry_outbgitem_number <> 'b.12' groupby t.project_cd) sf on sf.project_cd = p.project_cd leftjoin (select t.project_cd, sum(t4.convert_currency) as yfdikuan from cont_ledger t, cont_actualpay t1, cont_pay_sum t2, cont_pay_sum_detail t3, cont_pay_detail t4 where t.cont_ledger_id = t1.cont_ledger_id and t1.cont_actualpay_id = t2.cont_actualpay_id and t2.cont_pay_sum_id = t3.cont_pay_sum_id and t3.cont_pay_sum_detail_id = t4.cont_pay_sum_detail_id and t.enable_flg = 1 andnvl(t.is_finance, 0) <> 1 andnvl(t.cont_type_cd2, 0) <> 9 andnvl(t.tex_cont_flg, 0) <> 1 and t3.biz_date between to_date('2016-01-01', 'yyyy-MM-dd') and to_date('2016-6-01', 'yyyy-MM-dd') and t4.entry_outbgitem_number = 'b.12' groupby t.project_cd) uu1 on uu1.project_cd = p.project_cd leftjoin (select t.project_cd, sum(t4.convert_currency) as lastMonthDfk from cont_ledger t, cont_actualpay t1, cont_pay_sum t2, cont_pay_sum_detail t3, cont_pay_detail t4 where t.cont_ledger_id = t1.cont_ledger_id and t1.cont_actualpay_id = t2.cont_actualpay_id and t2.cont_pay_sum_id = t3.cont_pay_sum_id and t3.cont_pay_sum_detail_id = t4.cont_pay_sum_detail_id and t.enable_flg = 1 andnvl(t.is_finance, 0) <> 1 andnvl(t.cont_type_cd2, 0) <> 9 andnvl(t.tex_cont_flg, 0) <> 1 and to_char(t3.biz_date, 'yyyy-mm') = '2016-05' and t4.entry_outbgitem_number = 'b.12' groupby t.project_cd) k1 on k1.project_cd = p.project_cd where p.project_cd in ('1248')
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3，查看表空间使用率
查看表空间使用率的sql语句：
select * from ( Select a.tablespace_name, to_char(a.bytes/1024/1024,'99,999.999') total_bytes, to_char(b.bytes/1024/1024,'99,999.999') free_bytes, to_char(a.bytes/1024/1024 - b.bytes/1024/1024,'99,999.999') use_bytes, to_char((1 - b.bytes/a.bytes)*100,'99.99') || '%'use from (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes) bytes from dba_data_files groupby tablespace_name) a, (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes) bytes from dba_free_space groupby tablespace_name) b where a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name unionall select c.tablespace_name, to_char(c.bytes/1024/1024,'99,999.999') total_bytes, to_char( (c.bytes-d.bytes_used)/1024/1024,'99,999.999') free_bytes, to_char(d.bytes_used/1024/1024,'99,999.999') use_bytes, to_char(d.bytes_used*100/c.bytes,'99.99') || '%'use from (select tablespace_name,sum(bytes) bytes from dba_temp_files groupby tablespace_name) c, (select tablespace_name,sum(bytes_cached) bytes_used from v$temp_extent_pool groupby tablespace_name) d where c.tablespace_name = d.tablespace_name ) orderby tablespace_name |
查看执行结果中TEMP的使用率已经到了99.58%了，报错的原因找到了，临时表空间被撑满了，如下图所示，所以需要扩容了：
4，查看普通数据文件是否扩展
select d.file_name,d.tablespace_name,d.autoextensible from dba_data_files d |
查看临时表空间是否可以扩展：
select d.file_name,d.tablespace_name,d.autoextensible from dba_temp_files d; |
看到，几个临时表空间的数据文件都不可以扩容，所以这也是报错的原因之一：
5，增加数据文件解决问题
问了同事，写这个sql语句的小伙伴已经离职半年了，所以无人懂这个复杂的sql的业务逻辑了，暂时优化sql的建议是无法去做了。采用另外一种发难，直接添加一个新的临时表空间的数据文件，设置大一些，设置成4g：
<-> 执行添加临时表空间的数据文件命令： ALTERTABLESPACE TEMP ADDTEMPFILE'/home/oradata/powerdes/temp05.dbf' SIZE4G AUTOEXTENDON NEXT128M; |
然后执行那条复杂的sql语句，就不会报错了，执行速度也很快，大概5秒左右执行完毕。
6，临时表空间相关
查看使用消耗临时表空间资源比较多的sql语句：
SELECT se.username, se.sid, su.extents, su.blocks * to_number(rtrim(p.value)) asSpace, tablespace, segtype, sql_text FROM v$sort_usage su, v$parameter p, v$session se, v$sql s WHERE p.name = 'db_block_size' AND su.session_addr = se.saddr AND s.hash_value = su.sqlhash AND s.address = su.sqladdr ORDERBY se.username, se.sid; |
增加数据文件
当临时表空间太小时，就需要扩展临时表空间（添加数据文件、增大数据文件、设置文件自动扩展）；有时候需要将临时数据文件分布到不同的磁盘分区中，提升IO性能，也需要通过删除、增加临时表空间数据文件。
ALTERTABLESPACE TEMP ADDTEMPFILE'/home/oradata/powerdes/temp05.dbf' SIZE4G AUTOEXTENDON NEXT128M; |
删除数据文件
例如，我想删除临时表空间下的某个文件，那么我们有两种方式删除临时表空间的数据文件。
方法1：
SQL> altertablespace temp droptempfile'/home/oradata/powerdes/temp03.dbf' ;
Tablespace altered.
SQL>
# 这个方法会删除物理文件 [oracle@pldb1 ~]$ ll /home/oradata/powerdes/temp03.dbf ls: cannot access /home/oradata/powerdes/temp03.dbf: No such file or directory [oracle@pldb1 ~]$ |
方法2：
SQL> alterdatabasetempfile'/home/oradata/powerdes/temp04.dbf'dropincludingdatafiles;
Database altered.
SQL> |
注意：删除临时表空间的临时数据文件时，不需要指定INCLUDING DATAFILES 选项也会真正删除物理文件，否则需要手工删除物理文件。
调整文件大小
如下例子，需要将临时数据文件从128M大小调整为256M
SQL> alterdatabasetempfile'/home/oradata/powerdes/temp02.dbf'resize256M;
Database altered.
SQL> |
文件脱机联机
-- 脱机 alterdatabasetempfile'/home/oradata/powerdes/temp02.dbf'offline;
-- 联机 alterdatabasetempfile'/home/oradata/powerdes/temp02.dbf'online; |
收缩临时表空间
排序等操作使用的临时段，使用完成后会被标记为空闲，表示可以重用，占用的空间不会立即释放，有时候临时表空间会变得非常大，此时可以通过收缩临时表空间来释放没有使用的空间。收缩临时表空间是ORACLE 11g新增的功能。
SQL> ALTERTABLESPACE TEMP SHRINKSPACEKEEP8G;
SQL> ALTERTABLESPACE TEMP SHRINKTEMPFILE'/home/oradata/powerdes/temp05.dbf' |
参考文档：
http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28310/tspaces002.htm#i1013552