FitLine函数

1、FitLine函数

函数的作用:

主要用于根据二维点集或者三维点集,进行直线的拟合

2、FitLine函数的调用形式

C++: void fitLine(InputArray points, OutputArray line, int distType, double param, double reps, double aeps)


参数详解:

 第一个参数: 存储点序列
第二个参数:、
line中存储返回值
二维空间时: line[0--3] 分别为 (vx,vy, x0,y0)
其中 vx, vy 是正规化之后的斜率向量。 x0,y0 是直线经过的点。
第三,distType
拟合算法,其中 CV_DIST_L2 就是平常的最小二乘法
dist_type=CV_DIST_L2 (L2): ρ(r)=r2/2 (最简单和最快的最小二乘法)
 dist_type=CV_DIST_L1 (L1): ρ(r)=r 
dist_type=CV_DIST_L12 (L1-L2): ρ(r)=2•[sqrt(1+r2/2) - 1]
 dist_type=CV_DIST_FAIR (Fair): ρ(r)=C2•[r/C - log(1 + r/C)],   C=1.3998 
dist_type=CV_DIST_WELSCH (Welsch): ρ(r)=C2/2•[1 - exp(-(r/C)2)],   C=2.9846 
dist_type=CV_DIST_HUBER (Huber): ρ(r)= r2/2,    if r < C        C•(r-C/2),    otherwise;    C=1.345

第四,第五参数第六参数:推荐值是 0,   0.01,  0.01, 三维空间时: line[0--5]  分别是 (vx, vy, vz,x0, y0,z0)
拟合代码:

拟合程序::



  #include <cv.h>

  #include <stdio.h>

  #include <math.h>

  float myLinearity(CvSeq *);

  int main(void)

  {

    int i;

    double fx[] = {0.0, 0.301, 0.477, 0.602, 0.699, 0.778, 0.845, 0.903, 0.954, 1.0};

    double fy[] = {3.874, 3.202, 2.781, 2.49, 2.274, 2.156, 1.934, 1.74, 1.653, 1.662};

    float *line = new float[4];

    float linearity=0.0f;

    //Sequence的容器

    CvMemStorage* storage = cvCreateMemStorage(0);

    //三维空间的话,把CV_32FC2改为CV_32FC3、 把CvPoint2D32f 改为 CvPoint3D32f

    CvSeq* point_seq = cvCreateSeq( CV_32FC2, sizeof(CvSeq), sizeof(CvPoint2D32f), storage );

    for (i=0; i<10; i++){

      //向Sequence中追加元素

      cvSeqPush(point_seq, &cvPoint2D32f(fx[i],fy[i]));

    }

    linearity = myLinearity(point_seq);

    cvFitLine(point_seq,CV_DIST_L2,0,0.01,0.01,line);

    fprintf(stdout,"v=(%f,%f),vy/vx=%f,(x,y)=(%f,%f), Linearity=%f/n",line[0],line[1],line[1]/line[0],line[2],line[3],linearity);

    cvClearSeq(point_seq);

    cvReleaseMemStorage(&storage);

    return 0;

  }



  //计算直线拟合度

  float myLinearity(CvSeq *seq)

  {

    int i;

    CvPoint2D32f *p;

    float *x = new float[seq->total];

    float *y = new float[seq->total];

    float x_bar=0.0, y_bar=0.0;

    float u11=0.0, u20=0.0, u02=0.0;

    float linearity=0.0;



    for (i=0; i < seq->total; i++){

      p=(CvPoint2D32f*)cvGetSeqElem(seq,i);

      x[i]=p->x;

      y[i]=p->y;

    }

    //x_bar, y_bar

    for (i=0; i < seq->total; i++){

      x_bar+=x[i];

      y_bar+=y[i];

    }

    x_bar/=seq->total;

    y_bar/=seq->total;



    for (i=0; i < seq->total; i++){

      u11+=((x[i]-x_bar)*(y[i]-y_bar));

      u20+=pow(x[i]-x_bar,2.0f);

      u02+=pow(y[i]-y_bar,2.0f);

    }

    u11/=seq->total;

    u20/=seq->total;

    u02/=seq->total;



    //计算直线度

    linearity = sqrt(4*pow(u11,2.0f)+pow(u20-u02,2.0f))/(u20+u02);

    return linearity;

  }





**运行结果

  v=(0.399377,-0.916787),vy/vx=-2.295543,(x,y)=(0.655900,2.376600), Linearity=0.999105


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