【Spring】非Spring IOC容器下获取Spring IOC上下文的环境

前言

在Spring Web项目中,有些特殊的时候需要在非Spring IOC容器下获取Spring IOC容器的上下文环境,比如获取某个bean。

版本说明

声明POM文件,指定需引入的JAR。

<properties>
        <spring.version>4.0.9.RELEASE</spring.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.0</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.webflow</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webflow</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.4.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>

实现ApplicationContectAware

写一个工具类实现ApplicationContectAware,然后在配置文件注册它。需要实现ApplicationContectAware的一个抽象方法setApplicationContect(),容器会调用此方法设置上下文对象ApplicationContext

package util;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware;

public class ApplicationContextUtil implements ApplicationContextAware {
    
    private static ApplicationContext applicationContext;

    public void setApplicationContext(ApplicationContext ac)
            throws BeansException {
        applicationContext = ac;
    }

    public static ApplicationContext getApplicationContext() {
        return applicationContext;
    }
    
    /**
     * 根据Class类型在IOC容器中获取对象
     * @param clazz Class类型
     * @return 对象
     */
    public static <T> List<T> getBeanByType(Class<T> clazz) {
        List<T> list = new ArrayList<T>();
        
        /* 获取接口的所有实例名 */
        String[] beanNames = applicationContext.getBeanNamesForType(clazz);
        System.out.println("getBeanByType beanNames : " + beanNames == null ? "" : Arrays.toString(beanNames));
        
        if (beanNames == null || beanNames.length == 0) {
            return list;
        }
        
        T t = null;
        for (String beanName : beanNames) {
            t = (T)applicationContext.getBean(beanName);
            list.add(t);
        }
        
        return list;
    }

}
<bean class="util.ApplicationContextUtil" />

非Spring IOC容器内,访问Spring IOC容器的环境

此UserService并无注解为@Service或@Component,它并非Spring IOC容器下管理的,使用它的类可能是通过new关键字实例化的。
EspecialBusinessService是一个接口,MyEspecialBusinessService1和MyEspecialBusinessService2实现该接口,并注解为@Service。
以下例子尝试获取单个bean和实现EspecialBusinessService接口的一组bean。

package service;

import java.util.List;

import util.ApplicationContextUtil;

public class UserService {
    
    public void update() {
        MyEspecialBusinessService2 service2 = ApplicationContextUtil.getApplicationContext().getBean(MyEspecialBusinessService2.class);
        System.out.println("service2 : " + service2);
        
        List<EspecialBusinessService> serviceList = ApplicationContextUtil.getBeanByType(EspecialBusinessService.class);
        System.out.println("getBeanByType(EspecialBusinessService.class) : " + serviceList);
    }
    
}



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