消息中间件-activemq实战之整合Spring(四)

前面的理论准备已经很充分,这一节我们来实战:将activemq整合到Spring框架才行中,因为Spring已经集成了JMS,这也为我们配置activermq带来了方便。

1. Spring对jms的支持

因为Spring已经将JMS集成到框架里面了,对jms做了自己的封装,我们使用起来更加方便,在Spring中使用jms比较麻烦的就是配置,在Spring中配置JMS大体需要8个部分:

  1. ConnectionFactory: 和jms服务器的连接, 可以是外部的jms server, 也可以使用embedded ActiveMQ Broker;
  2. Destination: 有topic和queue两种方式;
  3. JmsTemplate: spring提供的jms模板;
  4. MessageConverter: 消息转换器;
  5. MessageProducer: 消息生产者;
  6. MessageConsumer: 消息消费者;
  7. MessageListener: 消息监听器;
  8. MessageListenerContainer: 消息监听容器。

下面我把完整的配置文件按照上面的步骤拆开分别讲解:

1.1首先我们配置ConnectionFactory:

<amq:connectionFactory id="amqConnectionFactory" brokerURL="tcp://127.0.0.1:61616" userName="admin" password="admin" />

brokerURL是指要连接的activeMQ server的地址,该配置即使用activemq独立的消息存储环境,即使服务器重启消息也不会丢失。

<!-- 配置JMS连接工厂 -->
<bean id="connectionFactory" class="org.springframework.jms.connection.CachingConnectionFactory">
    <constructor-arg ref="amqConnectionFactory" />
    <property name="sessionCacheSize" value="100" />
</bean>

我们从Spring给我们提供的connectionFactory中获取Connection,并且把该connectionFactory注册到上面定义的activemq server中。

1.2 Destination:

由前面我们知道Destination有两种形式:P2P和Pub/Sub。那么在配置中表示就是:

 <!-- 定义消息队列(Queue) -->
<bean id="demoQueueDestination" class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue">
    <!-- 设置消息队列的名字 -->
    <constructor-arg>
        <value>first-queue</value>
    </constructor-arg>
</bean>

或:

<!-- 定义消息队列(topic) -->
<bean id="demoQueueDestination" class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQTopic">
    <!-- 设置消息队列的名字 -->
    <constructor-arg>
        <value>first-queue</value>
    </constructor-arg>
</bean>

1.3 JmsTemplate:

将connectionFactory和defaultDestination注入JmsTemplate中:

<!-- 配置JMS模板(Queue),Spring提供的JMS工具类,它发送、接收消息。 -->
<bean id="jmsTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">
    <property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory" />
    <property name="defaultDestination" ref="demoQueueDestination" />
    <property name="receiveTimeout" value="10000" />
    <!-- true是topic,false是queue,默认是false,此处显示写出false -->
    <property name="pubSubDomain" value="false" />
</bean>

在Java相关处理文件中添加(这里用的是@Inject注解,当然也可以用@Autowired):

@Resource(name="jmsTemplate")
private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;

TextMessage textMessage = (TextMessage) jmsTemplate.receive(destination);

1.4 MessageConverter

MessageConverter实现的是org.springframework.jms.support.converter.MessageConverter接口, 提供消息的转换功能。

<bean id="defaultMessageConverter" class="cn.edu.hust.activemq.filter.DefaultMessageConverter" />

1.5 MessageProducer和MessageConsumer

此处灵活使用,可以以服务的形式提供也可以以工具类的形式提供,详情见下面的示例代码。

1.6 MessageListener

消息的消费者应有的有对应的Listener。

 <!-- 配置消息队列监听者(Queue) -->
 <bean id="queueMessageListener" class="cn.edu.hust.activemq.filter.QueueMessageListener" /> 

1.7 MessageListenerContainer

MessageListenerContainer即Listener的容器,用来对Listener坐一些配置,每一个listener都对应着一个Container:

<!-- 显示注入消息监听容器(Queue),配置连接工厂,监听的目标是demoQueueDestination,监听器是上面定义的监听器 -->
<bean id="queueListenerContainer" class="org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer">
    <property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory" />
    <property name="destination" ref="demoQueueDestination" />
    <property name="messageListener" ref="queueMessageListener" />
</bean>

Spring为我们听过了两种类型的MessageListenerContainer:SimpleMessageListenerContainer和DefaultMessageListenerContainer。

  • SimpleMessageListenerContainer会在一开始的时候就创建一个会话Session和消费者Consumer,并且会适用标准的JMS的MessageConsumer.setMessageListener()方法注册监听器让JMS提供调用监听器的回调函数。它不会动态的适应运行时需要和参与外部的事务管理。兼容性方面,它非常接近于独立的JMS规范,但一般不兼容J2EE的JMS限制。大多数情况下,我们还是使用DefaultMessageListenerContainer。
  • DefaultMessageListenerContainer,与SimpleMessageListenerContainer相比,它会动态的适应运行时的需求,并且能够参与外部的事务管理。

上面就是mq的配置文件部分,如果从上到下的配置部分都清楚地话使用起来肯定没有问题,我们再做一个简要的总结:

  1. 可以有一个或者多个消息生产者向同一个destination发送消息;
  2. queue类型的只能有一个消息消费者;
  3. topic类型的可以有多个消息消费者;
  4. 每个消费者对应一个MessageListener和一个MessageListenerContainer。

下面我们看一下整合的全部代码:

首先上pom.xml看一下依赖的jar包:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
  <groupId>q</groupId>
  <artifactId>q</artifactId>
  <packaging>war</packaging>
  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
  <name>q Maven Webapp</name>
  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>
  <properties>
    <springframework>4.3.0.RELEASE</springframework>
  </properties>

  <dependencies>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>junit</groupId>
      <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
      <version>4.10</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- spring -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
      <version>${springframework}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
      <version>${springframework}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
      <version>${springframework}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
      <version>${springframework}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-jms</artifactId>
      <version>${springframework}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- xbean 如<amq:connectionFactory /> -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.xbean</groupId>
      <artifactId>xbean-spring</artifactId>
      <version>3.16</version>
    </dependency>

    <!-- activemq -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
      <artifactId>activemq-core</artifactId>
      <version>5.7.0</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.apache.activemq</groupId>
      <artifactId>activemq-pool</artifactId>
      <version>5.12.1</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>
  <build>
    <finalName>q</finalName>
    <plugins>
      <plugin>
        <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
        <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.6</source>
          <target>1.6</target>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
  </build>
</project>

然后是我们的Spring配置文件applicationContext.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- 查找最新的schemaLocation 访问 http://www.springframework.org/schema/ -->
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">

    <!-- 指定Sping组件扫描的基本包路径 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.edu.hust.activemq" >
        <!-- 这里只扫描Controller,不可重复加载Service -->
        <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/>
    </context:component-scan>
    <!-- 启用MVC注解 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <!-- JSP视图解析器-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
        <!-- 定义其解析视图的order顺序为1 -->
        <property name="order" value="1" />
    </bean>
</beans>

activemq的配置文件applicationContext-ActiveMQ.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:amq="http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.1.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.1.xsd http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core http://activemq.apache.org/schema/core/activemq-core-5.12.1.xsd">

    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.edu.hust.activemq" />
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <amq:connectionFactory id="amqConnectionFactory" brokerURL="tcp://127.0.0.1:61616" userName="admin" password="admin" />

    <!-- 配置JMS连接工厂 -->
    <bean id="connectionFactory" class="org.springframework.jms.connection.CachingConnectionFactory">
        <constructor-arg ref="amqConnectionFactory" />
        <property name="sessionCacheSize" value="100" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 定义消息队列(Queue) -->
    <bean id="demoQueueDestination" class="org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQQueue">
        <!-- 设置消息队列的名字 -->
        <constructor-arg>
            <value>first-queue</value>
        </constructor-arg>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置JMS模板(Queue),Spring提供的JMS工具类,它发送、接收消息。 -->
    <bean id="jmsTemplate" class="org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate">
        <property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory" />
        <property name="defaultDestination" ref="demoQueueDestination" />
        <property name="receiveTimeout" value="10000" />
        <!-- true是topic,false是queue,默认是false,此处显示写出false -->
        <property name="pubSubDomain" value="false" />
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置消息队列监听者(Queue) -->
    <bean id="queueMessageListener" class="cn.edu.hust.activemq.filter.QueueMessageListener" />

    <!-- 显示注入消息监听容器(Queue),配置连接工厂,监听的目标是demoQueueDestination,监听器是上面定义的监听器 -->
    <bean id="queueListenerContainer" class="org.springframework.jms.listener.DefaultMessageListenerContainer">
        <property name="connectionFactory" ref="connectionFactory" />
        <property name="destination" ref="demoQueueDestination" />
        <property name="messageListener" ref="queueMessageListener" />
    </bean>

</beans>

配置的介绍在上面我已经讲过了,不明白的地方翻到上面去看看。

web.xml文件的配置如下:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" version="3.0">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext-ActiveMQ.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>

    <listener>
        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
    </listener>

    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <!-- 处理编码格式 -->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
            <param-value>true</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

我们的工程目录结构如下:

上service的代码:

ProducerService.java

import javax.jms.Destination;


/** * Created by Administrator on 2017/5/3. */
public interface ProducerService {

    void sendMessage(Destination destination,final String msg);

    void sendMessage(final String msg);
}

ProducerServiceImpl.java

import cn.edu.hust.activemq.service.ProducerService;
import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
import org.springframework.jms.core.MessageCreator;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.jms.Destination;
import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.Session;

/** * Created by Administrator on 2017/5/3. */
@Service
public class ProducerServiceImpl implements ProducerService {

    @Resource(name="jmsTemplate")
    private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;

    @Override
    public void sendMessage(Destination destination, final String msg) {
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 向队列"+destination.toString()+"发送消息--------->"+msg);
        jmsTemplate.send(destination, new MessageCreator() {
            public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
                return session.createTextMessage(msg);
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public void sendMessage(final String msg) {
        String destination = jmsTemplate.getDefaultDestinationName();
        System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName()+" 向队列"+destination+"发送消息-------->"+msg);
        jmsTemplate.send(new MessageCreator() {
            public Message createMessage(Session session) throws JMSException {
                return session.createTextMessage(msg);
            }
        });
    }
}

ConsumerService.java

import javax.jms.Destination;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
/** * Created by Administrator on 2017/5/3. */
public interface ConsumerService {

    TextMessage receive(Destination destination);
}

ConsumerServiceImpl.java

import cn.edu.hust.activemq.service.ConsumerService;

import javax.jms.Destination;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;
import org.springframework.jms.core.JmsTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.jms.JMSException;

/** * Created by Administrator on 2017/5/3. */
@Service
public class ConsumerServiceImpl implements ConsumerService {
    @Resource(name="jmsTemplate")
    private JmsTemplate jmsTemplate;

    @Override
    public TextMessage receive(Destination destination){
        TextMessage textMessage = (TextMessage) jmsTemplate.receive(destination);
        try{
            System.out.println("从队列" + destination.toString() + "收到了消息:\t"
                    + textMessage.getText());
        } catch (JMSException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return textMessage;
    }
}

QueueMessageListener.java

import javax.jms.JMSException;
import javax.jms.Message;
import javax.jms.MessageListener;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;

/** * Created by Administrator on 2017/5/3. */
public class QueueMessageListener implements MessageListener {
    public void onMessage(Message message) {
        TextMessage tm = (TextMessage) message;
        try {
            System.out.println("QueueMessageListener监听到了文本消息:\t"
                    + tm.getText());
            //do something ...
        } catch (JMSException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

接下来是controller:

import cn.edu.hust.activemq.service.ConsumerService;
import cn.edu.hust.activemq.service.ProducerService;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.jms.Destination;
import javax.jms.TextMessage;

/** * Created by Administrator on 2017/5/3. */
@Controller
public class MessageController {
    private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MessageController.class);
    @Resource(name = "demoQueueDestination")
    private Destination destination;

    //队列消息生产者
    @Resource
    private ProducerService producer;

    //队列消息消费者
    @Resource
    private ConsumerService consumer;

    @RequestMapping(value = "/SendMessage", method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @ResponseBody
    public void send(String msg) {
        logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"------------开始发送消息");
        producer.sendMessage(msg);
        logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"------------发送完毕");
    }

    @RequestMapping(value= "/ReceiveMessage",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    @ResponseBody
    public Object receive(){
        logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"------------开始接受消息");
        TextMessage tm = consumer.receive(destination);
        logger.info(Thread.currentThread().getName()+"------------接受完毕");
        return tm;
    }

}

代码就是上面这些,我们先启动acticemq server,然后下启动工程,在地址栏中输入:http://localhost:8080/SendMessage?msg=nihao,
代码很简单我就没有写前台页面啦,msg部分你可以随便写。回车之后我们去看一下控制台消息就发送出去了。

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