在文章“Unreachable catch block for IOException. This exception is never thrown from the try statement body”中有小伙伴提到:我的是一个自定义的异常,用到自定义的异常就出现这个问题,请问怎么解决?这里讲一下如何使用自定义类型的异常,以及为什么要使用自定义类型的异常。
其实这是问题处理的模式/方式之一;
其它的是什么?例如WindowsAPI的GetLastError,swift、Go的多返回值 ,返回一个实体类包含所有需要的信息;
而这个方法同样也有多种应用。
应用一:你的一个方法中把一些必须满足的条件作为异常来处理;
应用二:你的一个方法中把所有可能遇到的异常都捕获了,附加上其它信息抛出新的异常;
应用三:以上两种混合应用;
自定义异常类:CustomException.java
package wasdev.sample.servlet; /** * 自定义异常 * @author testcs_dn * */ public class CustomException extends Exception { private static final long serialVersionUID = -3260180827302646043L; /** * 扩展信息 */ private String exMsg; public String getExMsg() { return exMsg; } public void setExMsg(String exMsg) { this.exMsg = exMsg; } /** * */ public CustomException() { super(); } public CustomException(String msg) { super(msg); } /** * * @param msg 异常信息 * @param exMsg 扩展信息 */ public CustomException(String msg, String exMsg) { super(msg); this.setExMsg(exMsg); } }应用类Servlet:SimpleServlet.java
package wasdev.sample.servlet; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileNotFoundException; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import javax.servlet.ServletException; import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; /** * Servlet implementation class SimpleServlet */ @WebServlet("/SimpleServlet") public class SimpleServlet extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L; /** * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) */ @Override protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException { response.setContentType("text/html"); response.getWriter().print("Hello World!"); try { doSomething(); } catch (CustomException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } try { doSomething("user", "pwd"); } catch (CustomException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } protected void doSomething() throws CustomException{ throw new CustomException("abcd"); } protected void doSomething(String userName, String password) throws CustomException{ if (userName == null || userName.length() == 0){ throw new CustomException("abcd", "userName"); } if (password == null || password.length() == 0){ throw new CustomException("abcd", "password"); } File f = new File("test.txt"); if (f.exists()){ try { FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(f); try { fos.close(); } catch (IOException e) { throw new CustomException("abcd", "IOException"); } } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { throw new CustomException("abcd", "FileNotFoundException"); } } } protected void doSomething2(){ try { throw new CustomException("abcd", "扩展信息"); } catch (CustomException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } }
如果你有更好的应用场景欢迎分享!
我这里只定义了一个异常类:CustomException,你也可以做如下定义,只要你喜欢:
UserNameException,PasswordException,FileWriteException……等等。
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