【转载】-HDU 1007 hdu 1007 Quoit Design (最近点对)

Quoit Design
Time Limit: 10000/5000 MS (Java/Others) Memory Limit: 65536/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 34731 Accepted Submission(s): 9062

Problem Description
Have you ever played quoit in a playground? Quoit is a game in which flat rings are pitched at some toys, with all the toys encircled awarded.
In the field of Cyberground, the position of each toy is fixed, and the ring is carefully designed so it can only encircle one toy at a time. On the other hand, to make the game look more attractive, the ring is designed to have the largest radius. Given a configuration of the field, you are supposed to find the radius of such a ring.

Assume that all the toys are points on a plane. A point is encircled by the ring if the distance between the point and the center of the ring is strictly less than the radius of the ring. If two toys are placed at the same point, the radius of the ring is considered to be 0.

Input
The input consists of several test cases. For each case, the first line contains an integer N (2 <= N <= 100,000), the total number of toys in the field. Then N lines follow, each contains a pair of (x, y) which are the coordinates of a toy. The input is terminated by N = 0.

Output
For each test case, print in one line the radius of the ring required by the Cyberground manager, accurate up to 2 decimal places.

Sample Input
2
0 0
1 1
2
1 1
1 1
3
-1.5 0
0 0
0 1.5
0

Sample Output
0.71
0.00
0.75

转自：http://www.cnblogs.com/ACMDoli/articles/4292029.html
转自：http://blog.csdn.net/hellobabygogo3/article/details/8042650

先说下题意，很简单，给n个点的坐标，求距离最近的一对点之间距离的一半。第一行是一个数n表示有n个点，接下来n行是n个点的x坐标和y坐标，实数。

这个题目其实就是求最近点对的距离。主要思想就是分治。先把n个点按x坐标排序，然后求左边n/2个和右边n/2个的最近距离，最后合并。合并要重点说一下，比较麻烦。

首先，假设点是n个，编号为1到n。我们要分治求，则找一个中间的编号mid，先求出1到mid点的最近距离设为d1，还有mid+1到n的最近距离设为d2。这里的点需要按x坐标的

顺序排好，并且假设这些点中，没有2点在同一个位置。（若有，则直接最小距离为0了）。

 然后，令d为d1, d2中较小的那个点。如果说最近点对中的两点都在1-mid集合中，或者mid+1到n集合中，则d就是最小距离了。但是还有可能的是最近点对中的两点分属

这两个集合，所以我们必须先检测一下这种情况是否会存在，若存在，则把这个最近点对的距离记录下来，去更新d。这样我们就可以得道最小的距离d了。

 关键是要去检测最近点对，理论上每个点都要和对面集合的点匹配一次，那效率还是不能满足我们的要求。所以这里要优化。怎么优化呢？考虑一下，假如以我们所选的

分割点mid为界，如果某一点的横坐标到点mid的横坐标的绝对值超过d1并且超过d2，那么这个点到mid点的距离必然超过d1和d2中的小者，所以这个点到对方集合的任意点的

距离必然不是所有点中最小的。

 所以我们先把在mid为界左右一个范围内的点全部筛选出来，放到一个集合里。筛选好以后，当然可以把这些点两两求距离去更新d了，不过这样还是很慢，万一满足条件的

点很多呢。这里还得继续优化。首先把这些点按y坐标排序。假设排序好以后有cnt个点，编号为0到cnt-1。那么我们用0号去和1到cnt-1号的点求一下距离，然后1号和2到cnt-1

号的点求一下距离。。。如果某两个点y轴距离已经超过了d，这次循环就可以直接break了，开始从下一个点查找了.

代码：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <math.h>
using namespace std;
const double eps = 1e-6;
const int MAXN = 100010;
const double INF = 1e20;
struct Point
{
    double x,y;
};
double dist(Point a,Point b)
{
    return sqrt((a.x-b.x)*(a.x-b.x) + (a.y-b.y)*(a.y-b.y));
}
Point p[MAXN];
Point tmpt[MAXN];
bool cmpxy(Point a,Point b)
{
    if(a.x != b.x)return a.x < b.x;
    else return a.y < b.y;
}
bool cmpy(Point a,Point b)
{
    return a.y < b.y;
}
double Closest_Pair(int left,int right)
{
    double d = INF;
    if(left == right)return d;
    if(left + 1 == right)
        return dist(p[left],p[right]);
    int mid = (left+right)/2;
    double d1 = Closest_Pair(left,mid);
    double d2 = Closest_Pair(mid+1,right);
    d = min(d1,d2);
    int k = 0;
    for(int i = left; i <= right; i++)
    {
        if(fabs(p[mid].x - p[i].x) <= d)
            tmpt[k++] = p[i];
    }
    sort(tmpt,tmpt+k,cmpy);
    for(int i = 0; i <k; i++)
    {
        for(int j = i+1; j < k && tmpt[j].y - tmpt[i].y < d; j++)
        {
            d = min(d,dist(tmpt[i],tmpt[j]));
        }
    }
    return d;
}
int main()
{
    int n;
    while(scanf("%d",&n)==1 && n)
    {
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++)
            scanf("%lf%lf",&p[i].x,&p[i].y);
        sort(p,p+n,cmpxy);
        printf("%.2lf\n",Closest_Pair(0,n-1)/2);
    }
    return 0;
}