--plsql set serveroutput on; begin dbms_output.put_line('Hello'); end; --赋值 declare v_name varchar2(20); begin v_name := 'myname'; dbms_output.put_line(v_name); end; --异常 declare v_num number :=0; begin v_num := 2/v_num; dbms_output.put_line(v_num); exception --其他所有的情况 when others then dbms_output.put_line('error'); end; -- 变量声明 declare v_temp number(1); v_count binary_integer := 0; v_sal number(7,2) := 4000.00; v_pi constant number(3,2) := 3.14; v_valid boolean := false; v_name varchar2(20) not null := 'MyName'; begin -- boolean类型不能输出 dbms_output.put_line('v_temp value:' || v_valid); end; -- 使用%type属性 变量的属性 declare v_empno number(4); v_empno2 emp.empno%type; v_empno v_empno2%type; begin dbms_output.put_line('Test'); end; -- Table变量类型 类似java里的数组 declare -- 定义一种新的类型 type type_table_emp_empno is table of emp.empno%type index by binary_integer; v_empnos type_table_emp_empno; begin v_empnos(0) :=7369; v_empnos(-1) :=9999; v_empnos(2) :=7369; dbms_output.put_line(v_empnos(-1)); end --Record变量类型 类似java里的class declare type type_record_dept is record; ( deptno dept.deptno%type, dname dept.dname%type, loc dept.loc%type ); v_temp type_record_dept; begin v_temp.deptno := 50; v_temp.dname := 'aaaa'; v_temp.loc := 'bj'; end; -- 使用%rowtype声明record变量 declare v_temp dept%rowtype begin v_temp.deptno := 50; v_temp.dname := 'aaaa'; v_temp.loc := 'bj'; end; -- sql语句的运用 -- plsql里的sql语句必须返回一条且只有一条结果记录 declare v_ename emp.ename%type; v_sal emp.sal%type; begin select ename, sal into v_ename, v_sal from emp where empno = 7369; dbms_output.put_line(v_ename || ' ' || v_sal); end; declare v_ename emp%rowtype; begin select * into v_emp from emp where empno = 7369; dbms_output.put_line(v_emp.ename); end; declare v_deptno dept.deptno%type := 50; v_dname dept.dname%type := 'aaa'; v_loc dept.loc%type := 'bj'; begin insert into dept values (v_deptno, v_dname, v_loc); commit; end declare v_deptno emp.deptno%type := 50; v_count number; begin -- (跟新了的条数)被影响 update emp set sal = sal/2 where deptno = v_deptno; -- 1条记录被影响(最后产生了一个值) select deptno into v_deptno from emp where empno = 7369; -- 1条记录被影响(最后产生了一个值) select count(*) into v_count from emp; -- sql关键字 rowcount 刚刚影响的行数 dbms_output.put_line(sql%rowcount || '条记录被影响'); dbms_output.put_line(v_count || '条记录'); commit; end; --ddl语句 begin execute immediate 'create table T ( nnn varchar2(20) default ''aaa'' )'; end; -- if语句 declare v_sal emp.sal%type; begin select sal into v_sal from emp where empno = 7369; if (v_sal < 1200) then dbms_output.put_line('low'); elsif (v_sal < 2000) then dbms_output.put_line('middle'); else dbms_output.put_line('high'); end if end; -- 循环 declare i binary_integer := 1; begin loop dbms_output.put_line(i); i := i + 1; exit when (i >= 11); end loop; end; begin for k in 1..10 loop dbms_output.put_line(k); end loop; for k in reverse 1..10 loop dbms_output.put_line(k); end loop; end; -- 异常 declare v_temp number(4); begin select empno into v_temp from emp where deptno = 10; exception when too_many_rows then dbms_output.put_line('to many'); when others then dbms_output.put_line('error'); end; declare v_temp number(4); begin select empno into v_temp from emp where empno = 2222; exception when no_data_found then dbms_output.put_line('empty'); end; create table errorlog ( id number primary key, errcode number, errmsg varchar2(1024), errdate date ); create sequence seq_errorlog_id start with 1 increment by 1; declare v_deptno dept.deptno%type := 10; v_errcode number; v_errmsg varchar2(1024); begin delete from dept where deptno = v_deptno; commit; exception when others then rollback; v_errcode := SQLCODE; v_errmsg := SQLERRM; insert into errorlog values(seq_errorlog_id.nextval, v_errcode, v_errmsg, sysdate); commit; end; -- 游标 -- 只在查询结果集上的游标 RS declare cursor c is select * from emp; v_emp c%rowtype; begin -- open时才去查询 open c; -- 拿出c指的记录,放到v_emp中,游标自动往下移一条 fetch c into v_emp; dbms_output.put_line(v_emp.ename); close c; end; -- 带循环的游标 declare cursor c is select * from emp; v_emp c%rowtype; begin open c; loop fetch c into v_emp; exit when (c%notfound); dbms_output.put_line(v_emp.ename); end loop; close c; end; -- 如果dbms_output.put_line(v_emp.ename);在先,最后打出两便一样的结果 declare cursor c is select * from emp; v_emp c%rowtype; begin open c; fetch c into v_emp; while (c%found) loop dbms_output.put_line(v_emp.ename); fetch c into v_emp; end loop; close c; end; -- c不用打开关闭fetch declare cursor c is select * from emp; begin for v_emp in c loop dbms_output.put_line(v_emp.ename); end loop; end; -- 带参数的游标 declare cursor c(v_deptno emp.deptno%type, v_job emp.job%type) is select ename, sal from emp where deptno = v_deptno and job = v_job; begin for v_temp in c(30, 'CLERK') loop dbms_output.put_line(v_temp.ename); end loop; end; --可更新的游标 declare cursor c is select * from emp for update; begin for v_temp in c loop if(v_temp.sal < 2000) then update emp set sal = sal * 2 where current of c; elsif (v_temp.sal = 5000) then delete from emp where current of c; end if; end loop; commit; end; -- 存储过程 create or replace procedure p is cursor c is select * from emp for update; begin for v_emp in c loop if (v_emp.deptno = 10) then update emp set sal = sal + 10 where current of c; elsif (v_emp.deptno = 20) then update emp set sal = sal + 20 where current of c; else update emp set sal = sal + 50 where current of c; end if; end loop; commit; end; exec p; begin p; end; show error -- 带参数的存储过程,没写in默认是in create or replace procedure p (v_a in number, v_b number, v_ret out number, v_temp in out number) is begin if(v_a > v_b) then v_ret := v_a; else v_ret := v_b; end if; v_temp := v_temp + 1; end; declare v_a number := 3; v_b number := 4; v_ret number; v_temp number := 5; begin p(v_a, v_b, v_ret, v_temp); dbms_output.put_line(v_ret); dbms_output.put_line(v_temp); end; -- 函数 create or replace function sal_tax (v_sal number) return number is begin if(v_sal < 2000) then return 0.10; elsif(v_sal < 2750) then return 0.15; else return 0.20; end if; end; --触发器 create table emp_log ( nuame varchar2(20), action varchar2(10), ation date ); -- after在事件后触发触发器 create or replace trigger trig after insert or delete or update on emp -- after insert or delete or update on emp for each row begin if inserting then insert into emp_log values (USER, 'insert', sysdate); elsif updating then insert into emp_log values (USER, 'update', sysdate); elsif deleting then insert into emp_log values (USER, 'delete', sysdate); end if; end; create or replace trigger tirg after update on dept for each row begin update emp set deptno = :NEW.deptno where deptno = :OLD.deptno; end; update dept set deptno = 99 where deptno = 10;