本文将构建一个普通工程来说明spring注解缓存的使用方式,关于如何在web应用中使用注解缓存,请参见:
一.简介
在spring的modules包中提供对许多第三方缓存方案的支持,包括:
EHCache
OSCache(OpenSymphony)
JCS
GigaSpaces
JBoss Cache
等等。
将这些第三方缓存方案配置在spring中很简单,网上有许多介绍,这里只重点介绍如何配置基于注解的缓存配置。
本文将通过例举EHCache和OSCache详细介绍如何使用spring配置基于注解的缓存配置,注意这里的缓存是方法级的。
二.依赖
在开始介绍如何进行缓存配置前先介绍一下EHCache和OSCache的jar依赖。
EHCache:
ehcache-core-1.7.2.jar
jakarta-oro-2.0.8.jar
slf4j-api-1.5.8.jar
slf4j-jdk14-1.5.8.jar
OSCache:
oscache-2.4.1.jar
此外,两者都需要的jar如下:
cglib-nodep-2.1_3.jar
commons-logging.jar
log4j-1.2.15.jar
spring-modules-cache.jar
spring.jar
三.配置
两种缓存在spring配置文件中都可以使用两种配置方式,一种是spring2.0以前的完全基于bean的复杂配置,一种是使用后来的基于命名空间的简单配置,两种配置效果相同,分别介绍如下:
EHCache:
1)普通配置
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
- <!-- aop代理,这个是必须地,否则缓存不起作用 -->
- <bean id="autoproxy"
- class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator" />
- <!-- EhCache 管理工厂 用于指定ehcache配置文件路径 -->
- <bean id="cacheManager"
- class="org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManagerFactoryBean">
- <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:ehcache.xml" />
- </bean>
- <bean id="cacheProviderFacade" class="org.springmodules.cache.provider.ehcache.EhCacheFacade">
- <property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager" />
- </bean>
- <!-- 1.5+ Annotation 基于注解查找被缓存的业务方法 -->
- <bean id="cachingAttributeSource"
- class="org.springmodules.cache.annotations.AnnotationCachingAttributeSource"></bean>
- <!-- 缓存拦截器:定义了缓存模块,ehcache只需要指定配置文件中的缓存名称 -->
- <bean id="cachingInterceptor"
- class="org.springmodules.cache.interceptor.caching.MetadataCachingInterceptor">
- <property name="cacheProviderFacade" ref="cacheProviderFacade" />
- <property name="cachingAttributeSource" ref="cachingAttributeSource" />
- <property name="cachingModels">
- <props>
- <prop key="testCaching">cacheName=testCache</prop>
- </props>
- </property>
- </bean>
- <!-- 基于注解查找缓存业务方法的AOP通知器 -->
- <bean id="cachingAttributeSourceAdvisor"
- class="org.springmodules.cache.interceptor.caching.CachingAttributeSourceAdvisor">
- <constructor-arg ref="cachingInterceptor" />
- </bean>
- <!-- 基于注解查找触发缓存刷新动作的业务方法 -->
- <bean id="flushingAttributeSource"
- class="org.springmodules.cache.annotations.AnnotationFlushingAttributeSource"></bean>
- <!-- 刷新拦截器:定义了刷新策略,基于那个模块ID,刷新相应的缓存 -->
- <bean id="flushingInterceptor"
- class="org.springmodules.cache.interceptor.flush.MetadataFlushingInterceptor">
- <property name="cacheProviderFacade" ref="cacheProviderFacade" />
- <property name="flushingAttributeSource" ref="flushingAttributeSource" />
- <property name="flushingModels">
- <map>
- <entry key="testFlushing">
- <bean
- class="org.springmodules.cache.provider.ehcache.EhCacheFlushingModel">
- <property name="cacheNames">
- <list>
- <value>testCache</value>
- </list>
- </property>
- <!-- 报错,应该是不能直接设置cacheName
- <property name="cacheName" value="testCache"/>
- -->
- </bean>
- </entry>
- </map>
- </property>
- </bean>
- <!-- 基于注解查找刷新缓存业务方法的AOP通知器 -->
- <bean id="flushingAttributeSourceAdvisor"
- class="org.springmodules.cache.interceptor.flush.FlushingAttributeSourceAdvisor">
- <constructor-arg ref="flushingInterceptor" />
- </bean>
- <!-- 测试对象 -->
- <bean id="testCache" class="com.TestCache"/>
- </beans>
2)命名空间配置
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:ehcache="http://www.springmodules.org/schema/ehcache"
- xsi:schemaLocation="
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
- http://www.springmodules.org/schema/ehcache http://www.springmodules.org/schema/cache/springmodules-ehcache.xsd">
- <!-- 这里可以不需要配置这个
- <bean id="autoproxy" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator" />
- -->
- <ehcache:config configLocation="classpath:ehcache.xml"
- id="cacheProvider" />
- <ehcache:annotations providerId="cacheProvider">
- <ehcache:caching cacheName="testCache" id="testCaching" />
- <ehcache:flushing cacheNames="testCache" id="testFlushing" />
- </ehcache:annotations>
- <bean id="testCache" class="com.TestCache"/>
- </beans>
OSCache:
1)普通配置
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
- <!-- 这个是必须地,否则缓存不起作用 -->
- <bean id="autoproxy"
- class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator" />
- <!-- 缓存管理工厂:使用OSCache缓存管理,配置了OSCache使用的配置文件路径 -->
- <bean id="cacheManager"
- class="org.springmodules.cache.provider.oscache.OsCacheManagerFactoryBean">
- <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:oscache.properties" />
- </bean>
- <!-- 缓存提供:OSCache -->
- <bean id="cacheProviderFacade" class="org.springmodules.cache.provider.oscache.OsCacheFacade">
- <property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManager" />
- </bean>
- <!-- 1.5+ Annotation 基于注解查找被缓存的业务方法 -->
- <bean id="cachingAttributeSource"
- class="org.springmodules.cache.annotations.AnnotationCachingAttributeSource"></bean>
- <!-- 缓存拦截器:定义了缓存模块,以及相应的刷新策略,以及缓存所属群组 -->
- <bean id="cachingInterceptor"
- class="org.springmodules.cache.interceptor.caching.MetadataCachingInterceptor">
- <property name="cacheProviderFacade" ref="cacheProviderFacade" />
- <property name="cachingAttributeSource" ref="cachingAttributeSource" />
- <property name="cachingModels">
- <props>
- <prop key="testCaching">refreshPeriod=86400;cronExpression=0 1 * * *;groups=pb_test</prop>
- </props>
- </property>
- </bean>
- <!-- 基于注解查找缓存业务方法的AOP通知器 -->
- <bean id="cachingAttributeSourceAdvisor"
- class="org.springmodules.cache.interceptor.caching.CachingAttributeSourceAdvisor">
- <constructor-arg ref="cachingInterceptor" />
- </bean>
- <!-- 基于注解查找触发缓存刷新动作的业务方法 -->
- <bean id="flushingAttributeSource"
- class="org.springmodules.cache.annotations.AnnotationFlushingAttributeSource"></bean>
- <!-- 刷新拦截器:定义了刷新策略,基于那个模块ID,刷新相应的缓存群组 -->
- <bean id="flushingInterceptor"
- class="org.springmodules.cache.interceptor.flush.MetadataFlushingInterceptor">
- <property name="cacheProviderFacade" ref="cacheProviderFacade" />
- <property name="flushingAttributeSource" ref="flushingAttributeSource" />
- <property name="flushingModels">
- <props>
- <prop key="testFlushing">groups=pb_test</prop>
- </props>
- </property>
- </bean>
- <!-- 基于注解查找刷新缓存业务方法的AOP通知器 -->
- <bean id="flushingAttributeSourceAdvisor"
- class="org.springmodules.cache.interceptor.flush.FlushingAttributeSourceAdvisor">
- <constructor-arg ref="flushingInterceptor" />
- </bean>
- <bean id="testCache" class="com.TestCache"/>
- </beans>
2)命名空间配置
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oscache="http://www.springmodules.org/schema/oscache"
- xsi:schemaLocation="
- http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
- http://www.springmodules.org/schema/oscache http://www.springmodules.org/schema/cache/springmodules-oscache.xsd">
- <!-- 这里可以不需要配置这个
- <bean id="autoproxy" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.DefaultAdvisorAutoProxyCreator" />
- -->
- <oscache:config configLocation="classpath:oscache.properties" id="cacheProvider"/>
- <oscache:annotations providerId="cacheProvider">
- <oscache:caching id="testCaching" groups="pb_test" cronExpression="0 1 * * *" refreshPeriod="86400"/>
- <oscache:flushing id="testFlushing" groups="pb_test"/>
- </oscache:annotations>
- <bean id="testCache" class="com.TestCache"/>
- </beans>
四.注解
@Cacheable:声明一个方法的返回值应该被缓存
例如:@Cacheable(modelId = "testCaching")
@CacheFlush:声明一个方法是清空缓存的触发器
例如:@CacheFlush(modelId = "testCaching")
五.测试
这是用使用一个带有main函数的类来进行测试,代码如下:
- /*
- * COPYRIGHT Beijing NetQin-Tech Co.,Ltd. *
- ****************************************************************************
- * 源文件名: TestCache.java
- * 功能: (描述文件功能)
- * 版本: @version 1.0
- * 编制日期: 2010-2-24
- * 说明: (描述使用文件功能时的制约条件)
- * 修改历史: (主要历史变动原因及说明)
- * YYYY-MM-DD | Author | Change Description
- * 2010-2-24 | hanqunfeng | Created
- */
- package com;
- import net.sf.ehcache.CacheManager;
- import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
- import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
- import org.springmodules.cache.annotations.CacheFlush;
- import org.springmodules.cache.annotations.Cacheable;
- import com.opensymphony.oscache.general.GeneralCacheAdministrator;
- public class TestCache {
- /**
- * 描述 : <描述函数实现的功能>. <br>
- *<p>
- * @param args
- */
- static String context = null;
- static ApplicationContext applicationContext;
- static{
- context = "applicationContext-ehcache.xml";//ehcache简单配置(命名空间)
- // context = "applicationContext-ehcache_full.xml";//ehcache完整配置
- // context = "applicationContext-oscache.xml";//oscache简单配置(命名空间)
- // context = "applicationContext-oscache_full.xml";//oscache完整配置
- applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(context);
- }
- public static void main(String[] args) {
- TestCache test = (TestCache)applicationContext.getBean("testCache");
- System.out.println(test.getName(0));
- System.out.println(test.getName(0));
- System.out.println(test.getName(0));
- test.flush();
- // test.OSFlushAll();
- // test.EHFlushAll();
- System.out.println(test.getName(0));
- System.out.println(test.getName(0));
- System.out.println(test.getName(0));
- }
- @Cacheable(modelId = "testCaching")
- public String getName(int i){
- System.out.println("Processing testCaching");
- return "nihao:"+i;
- }
- @CacheFlush(modelId = "testFlushing")
- public void flush(){
- System.out.println("Processing testFlushing");
- }
- /**
- * 描述 : <OSCache刷新全部缓存>. <br>
- *<p>
- 问题:flushAll() 后不会再缓存数据
- */
- public void OSFlushAll(){
- GeneralCacheAdministrator cacheAdmin = (GeneralCacheAdministrator)applicationContext.getBean("cacheManager");
- cacheAdmin.flushAll();
- System.out.println("Processing OSFlushingAll");
- }
- /**
- * 描述 : <清空指定组名称的缓存>. <br>
- *<p>
- * @param groupName
- */
- public void OSFlushGroup(String groupName){
- GeneralCacheAdministrator cacheAdmin = (GeneralCacheAdministrator)applicationContext.getBean("cacheManager");
- cacheAdmin.flushGroup(groupName);//清除该组的缓存:pb_test
- System.out.println("Processing OSFlushingGroup:"+groupName);
- }
- /**
- * 描述 : <EHCache刷新全部缓存>. <br>
- *<p>
- success
- */
- public void EHFlushAll(){
- CacheManager cacheAdmin = (CacheManager)applicationContext.getBean("cacheManager");
- cacheAdmin.clearAll();
- System.out.println("Processing EHFlushingAll");
- }
- /**
- * 描述 : <清空指定名称的缓存>. <br>
- *<p>
- * @param cacheName
- */
- public void EHFlushCache(String cacheName){
- CacheManager cacheAdmin = (CacheManager)applicationContext.getBean("cacheManager");
- cacheAdmin.getCache(cacheName).flush();//清除单个缓存:testCache
- System.out.println("Processing EHFlushingCacheName:"+cacheName);
- }
- }
测试结果
Processing testCaching
nihao:0
nihao:0
nihao:0
Processing testFlushing
Processing testCaching
nihao:0
nihao:0
nihao:0
六.缓存配置文件
ehcache.xml
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
- <ehcache xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="ehcache.xsd" updateCheck="true"
- monitoring="autodetect">
- <diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir"/>
- <defaultCache
- maxElementsInMemory="10000"
- eternal="false"
- timeToIdleSeconds="120"
- timeToLiveSeconds="120"
- overflowToDisk="true"
- maxElementsOnDisk="10000000"
- diskPersistent="false"
- diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120"
- memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU"
- />
- <cache name="testCache"
- maxElementsInMemory="10000"
- maxElementsOnDisk="1000"
- eternal="false"
- overflowToDisk="true"
- diskSpoolBufferSizeMB="20"
- timeToIdleSeconds="300"
- timeToLiveSeconds="600"
- memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LFU"
- />
- </ehcache>
oscache.properties
- cache.capacity=5000