【利用OpenDataSource、OPENROWSET进行分布式查询和数据的导入导出】

利用OpenDataSource、OPENROWSET进行分布式查询和数据的导入导出

ps:此文转自他人资料

OpenDataSource:

一:SQL SERVER 和ACESS的数据导入导出

1.在SQL SERVER里查询access数据:
-- ======================================================
SELECT *
FROM OpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'Data Source="c:/DB.mdb";User ID=Admin;Password=')...表名

select * from opendatasource('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0','Data Source="D:/db.mdb";User ID=Admin;Password=')...Student where name = '我'
select * from newTable
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2.将access导入SQL server
-- ======================================================
在SQL SERVER 里运行:
SELECT *
INTO newtable
FROM OPENDATASOURCE ('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'Data Source="c:/DB.mdb";User ID=Admin;Password=' )...表名
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3.将SQL SERVER表里的数据插入到Access表中
-- ======================================================
在SQL SERVER 里运行：
insert into OpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'Data Source=" c:/DB.mdb";User ID=Admin;Password=')...表名
(列名1,列名2)
select 列名1,列名2 from sql表

实例：
insert into OPENROWSET('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'C:/db.mdb';'admin';'', Test)
select id,name from Test
INSERT INTO OPENROWSET('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0', 'c:/trade.mdb'; 'admin'; '', 表名)
SELECT *
FROM sqltablename

insert into OpenDataSource('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0','Data Source="D:/db.mdb";User ID=Admin;Password=')...Student(studentid,name)
select staffid,name from staff

insert into OPENROWSET('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'D:/db.mdb';'admin';'', Student)
select accountid,name from tblbaccount

select * from openrowset('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0','D:/db.mdb';'admin';'',Student)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

二、SQL SERVER 和EXCEL的数据导入导出
1、在SQL SERVER里查询Excel数据:
-- ======================================================
SELECT *
FROM OpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'Data Source="c:/book1.xls";User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0')...[Sheet1$]
下面是个查询的示例，它通过用于 Jet 的 OLE DB 提供程序查询 Excel 电子表格。
SELECT *
FROM OpenDataSource ( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'Data Source="c:/Finance/account.xls";User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0')...xactions

SELECT *
FROM OpenDataSource ( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'Data Source="D:/财务统计科目.xls";User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0')...vib
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

2、将Excel的数据导入SQL server :
-- ======================================================
SELECT * into newtable
FROM OpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'Data Source="c:/book1.xls";User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0')...[Sheet1$]
实例:
SELECT * into newtable
FROM OpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'Data Source="c:/Finance/account.xls";User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0')...xactions
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

3、将SQL SERVER中查询到的数据导成一个Excel文件
-- ======================================================
T-SQL代码：
EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp 库名.dbo.表名out c:/Temp.xls -c -q -S"servername" -U"sa" -P""'
参数：S 是SQL服务器名；U是用户；P是密码

EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp axzq.dbo.Staff out d:staff.xls -c -q -S"." -U"sa" -P"gazx"'

说明：还可以导出文本文件等多种格式
实例:EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp saletesttmp.dbo.CusAccount out c:/temp1.xls -c -q -S"pmserver" -U"sa" -P"sa"'
EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp "SELECT au_fname, au_lname FROM pubs..authors ORDER BY au_lname" queryout C:/ authors.xls -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword'

EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp "select name from axzq..staff order by name" queryout d:staffName.xls -c -q -S"." -U"sa" -P"gazx"'

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

4、在SQL SERVER里往Excel插入数据:
-- ======================================================
insert into OpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'Data Source="c:/Temp.xls";User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0')...table1 (A1,A2,A3) values (1,2,3)

T-SQL代码：
INSERT INTO
OPENDATASOURCE('Microsoft.JET.OLEDB.4.0',
'Extended Properties=Excel 8.0;Data source=C:/training/inventur.xls')...[Filiale1$]
(bestand, produkt) VALUES (20, 'Test')
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

OPENROWSET:

举几个例子：

--1.

SELECT a.*
FROM OPENROWSET('SQLNCLI', 'Server=Seattle1;Trusted_Connection=yes;',
'SELECT GroupName, Name, DepartmentID
FROM AdventureWorks.HumanResources.Department
ORDER BY GroupName, Name') AS a;

--2.

SELECT CustomerID, CompanyName
FROM OPENROWSET('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'C:/Program Files/Microsoft Office/OFFICE11/SAMPLES/Northwind.mdb';
'admin';'',Customers)

--3.

USE Northwind
GO
SELECT c.*, o.*
FROM Northwind.dbo.Customers AS c
INNER JOIN OPENROWSET('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',
'C:/Program Files/Microsoft Office/OFFICE11/SAMPLES/Northwind.mdb';'admin';'', Orders)
AS o
ON c.CustomerID = o.CustomerID

--4

USE AdventureWorks
GO
CREATE TABLE myTable(FileName nvarchar(60),
FileType nvarchar(60), Document varbinary(max))
GO

INSERT INTO myTable(FileName, FileType, Document)
SELECT 'Text1.txt' AS FileName,
'.txt' AS FileType,
* FROM OPENROWSET(BULK N'C:/Text1.txt', SINGLE_BLOB) AS Document

--5

SELECT a.* FROM OPENROWSET( BULK 'c:/test/values.txt',
FORMATFILE = 'c:/test/values.fmt') AS a;

附上:
--开启xp_cmdshell
--SQL Server blocked access to procedure 'xp_cmdshell'
sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1
go
reconfigure
go
sp_configure 'xp_cmdshell', 1
go
reconfigure
go

--开启sp_OACreate
--SQL Server blocked access to procedure 'sys.sp_OACreate'
sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1;
go
reconfigure;
go
sp_configure 'ole automation procedures', 1;
go
reconfigure;
go

sp_configure 'Ad Hoc Distributed Queries',1;
go
reconfigure
go