对于Android 2.1来说Live Wallpapers动态壁纸的加入为Android桌面加入了更好的动态效果。如何开发一个Android动态桌面呢? 下面Android123给大家一个详细的步骤创建属于你自己的Live Wallpaper吧。
1. 首先我使用Eclipse创建一个标准的Android工程这里package name我们使用cn.com.android123.cwj,然后进入工程的/res/文件夹,删除layout这个文件夹,当然里面的main.xml也会被删除的,对于Live Wallpaper来说传统的布局文件是不需要的。
2. 类似AppWidget一样,我们可以加入动态壁纸的设置界面,我们在/res/文件夹中新建一个名为xml的文件夹,新建一个utf8编码的xml文件,名为livewallpaper.xml,内容为
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <wallpaper xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:settingsActivity="cn.com.android123.cwj.LiveWallpaperSettings" android:thumbnail="@drawable/icon"/>这里我们可以看到上面的节点名为wallpaper,而设置的界面为 cn.com.android123.cwj.LiveWallpaperSettings这个Activity,而在添加动态壁纸时显示图标为/res/drawable/icon 这个文件,同时我们再创建一个xml文件用于LiveWallpaperSettings这个Activity的布局,我们起名为livewallpaper_settings.xml内容为
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <PreferenceScreen xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:title="@string/livewallpaper_settings" android:key="livewallpaper_settings"> <ListPreference android:key="livewallpaper_testpattern" android:title="标题" android:summary="简单描述" android:entries="@array/livewallpaper_testpattern_names" android:entryValues="@array/livewallpaper_testpattern_prefix"/> <CheckBoxPreference android:key="livewallpaper_movement" android:summary="动态描述" android:title="动态标题" android:summaryOn="动态测试" android:summaryOff="静止测试"/> </PreferenceScreen>3. 创建一个名为LiveWallpaper的类作为动态壁纸的主类,从WallpaperService父类继承,这里我们可以像写标准Android服务那样开发,代码为
public class LiveWallpaper extends WallpaperService { public static final String SHARED_PREFS_NAME = "livewallpapersettings"; @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); } @Override public void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); } @Override public Engine onCreateEngine() { return new TestPatternEngine(); } class TestPatternEngine extends Engine implements SharedPreferences.OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener { private final Handler mHandler = new Handler(); private float mTouchX = -1; private float mTouchY = -1; private final Paint mPaint = new Paint(); private final Runnable mDrawPattern = new Runnable() { public void run() { drawFrame(); } }; private boolean mVisible; private SharedPreferences mPreferences; private Rect mRectFrame; private Rect[] mColorRectangles; private int[] rectColor; private int mRectCount; // private private Rect mGradientRect; GradientDrawable mGradient; private boolean mHorizontal = false; private int mFrameCounter = 0; private boolean mMotion = true; private String mShape = "smpte"; TestPatternEngine() { final Paint paint = mPaint; paint.setColor(0xffffffff); paint.setAntiAlias(true); paint.setStrokeWidth(2); paint.setStrokeCap(Paint.Cap.ROUND); paint.setStyle(Paint.Style.STROKE); mPreferences = LiveWallpaper.this.getSharedPreferences( SHARED_PREFS_NAME, 0); mPreferences.registerOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(this); onSharedPreferenceChanged(mPreferences, null); } public void onSharedPreferenceChanged(SharedPreferences prefs, String key) { mShape = prefs.getString("livewallpaper_testpattern", "smpte"); mMotion = prefs.getBoolean("livewallpaper_movement", true); readColors(); } private void readColors() { int pid = getResources().getIdentifier(mShape + "colors", "array", getPackageName()); rectColor = getResources().getIntArray(pid); mRectCount = rectColor.length; mColorRectangles = new Rect[mRectCount]; System.out.println("mRectCount " + mRectCount); initFrameParams(); } @Override public void onCreate(SurfaceHolder surfaceHolder) { super.onCreate(surfaceHolder); setTouchEventsEnabled(true); } @Override public void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); mHandler.removeCallbacks(mDrawPattern); } @Override public void onVisibilityChanged(boolean visible) { mVisible = visible; if (visible) { drawFrame(); } else { mHandler.removeCallbacks(mDrawPattern); } } @Override public void onSurfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) { super.onSurfaceChanged(holder, format, width, height); initFrameParams(); drawFrame(); } @Override public void onSurfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) { super.onSurfaceCreated(holder); } @Override public void onSurfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) { super.onSurfaceDestroyed(holder); mVisible = false; mHandler.removeCallbacks(mDrawPattern); } @Override public void onOffsetsChanged(float xOffset, float yOffset, float xStep, float yStep, int xPixels, int yPixels) { drawFrame(); } @Override public void onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) { if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE) { mTouchX = event.getX(); mTouchY = event.getY(); } else { mTouchX = -1; mTouchY = -1; } super.onTouchEvent(event); } void drawFrame() { final SurfaceHolder holder = getSurfaceHolder(); Canvas c = null; try { c = holder.lockCanvas(); if (c != null) { // draw something drawPattern(c); drawTouchPoint(c); } } finally { if (c != null) holder.unlockCanvasAndPost(c); } mHandler.removeCallbacks(mDrawPattern); if (mVisible) { mHandler.postDelayed(mDrawPattern, 1000 / 25); } } void drawPattern(Canvas c) { c.save(); c.drawColor(0xff000000); Paint paint = new Paint(); if (mMotion) { mFrameCounter++; if (mHorizontal) { int right; int left; if (mFrameCounter > mRectFrame.right) mFrameCounter = 0; for (int i = 0; i < mRectCount; i++) { paint.setColor(rectColor[i]); right = mColorRectangles[i].right + mFrameCounter; left = mColorRectangles[i].left + mFrameCounter; if (right > mRectFrame.right) { c.drawRect(left - mRectFrame.right, mColorRectangles[i].top, right - mRectFrame.right, mColorRectangles[i].bottom, paint); } if (left < mRectFrame.right) { c.drawRect(left, mColorRectangles[i].top, right, mColorRectangles[i].bottom, paint); } } if (mShape.compareToIgnoreCase("smpte") == 0) { right = mGradientRect.right + mFrameCounter; left = mGradientRect.left + mFrameCounter; if (right > mRectFrame.right) { mGradient.setBounds(left - mRectFrame.right, mGradientRect.top, right - mRectFrame.right, mGradientRect.bottom); mGradient.draw(c); } if (left < mRectFrame.right) { mGradient.setBounds(left, mGradientRect.top, right, mGradientRect.bottom); mGradient.draw(c); } } } else { int top; int bottom; if (mFrameCounter > mRectFrame.bottom) mFrameCounter = 0; for (int i = 0; i < mRectCount; i++) { paint.setColor(rectColor[i]); top = mColorRectangles[i].top + mFrameCounter; bottom = mColorRectangles[i].bottom + mFrameCounter; if (bottom > mRectFrame.bottom) { c.drawRect(mColorRectangles[i].left, top - mRectFrame.bottom, mColorRectangles[i].right, bottom - mRectFrame.bottom, paint); } if (top < mRectFrame.bottom) { c.drawRect(mColorRectangles[i].left, top, mColorRectangles[i].right, bottom, paint); } } if (mShape.compareToIgnoreCase("smpte") == 0) { top = mGradientRect.top + mFrameCounter; bottom = mGradientRect.bottom + mFrameCounter; if (bottom > mRectFrame.bottom) { mGradient.setBounds(mGradientRect.left, top - mRectFrame.bottom, mGradientRect.right, bottom - mRectFrame.bottom); mGradient.draw(c); } if (top < mRectFrame.bottom) { mGradient.setBounds(mGradientRect.left, top, mGradientRect.right, bottom); mGradient.draw(c); } } } } else { for (int i = 0; i < mRectCount; i++) { paint.setColor(rectColor[i]); c.drawRect(mColorRectangles[i], paint); } if (mShape.compareToIgnoreCase("smpte") == 0) { mGradient.setBounds(mGradientRect); mGradient.draw(c); } } c.restore(); } void drawTouchPoint(Canvas c) { if (mTouchX >= 0 && mTouchY >= 0) { c.drawCircle(mTouchX, mTouchY, 80, mPaint); } } void initFrameParams() { DisplayMetrics metrics = new DisplayMetrics(); Display display = ((WindowManager) getSystemService(WINDOW_SERVICE)) .getDefaultDisplay(); display.getMetrics(metrics); mRectFrame = new Rect(0, 0, metrics.widthPixels, metrics.heightPixels); int rotation = display.getOrientation(); if (rotation == Surface.ROTATION_0 || rotation == Surface.ROTATION_180) mHorizontal = false; else mHorizontal = true; System.out.println("mHorizontal " + mHorizontal); System.out.println("mShape " + mShape); if (mShape.compareToIgnoreCase("smpte") == 0) { System.out.println("mShape == smpte"); CreateSmpte(); } else if (mShape.compareToIgnoreCase("bars") == 0) { System.out.println("mShape == bars"); CreateBars(); } else { System.out.println("mShape == ebu"); CreateEbu(); } } private void CreateSmpte() { if (mHorizontal) { int topHeight = mRectFrame.bottom * 7 / 12; int bottomHeight = mRectFrame.bottom * 3 / 4; int wideColumnWidth = mRectFrame.right / 8; int narrowColumnWidth = mRectFrame.right * 3 / 28; mColorRectangles[0] = new Rect(0, 0, wideColumnWidth, topHeight); for (int i = 1; i < 8; i++) { mColorRectangles[i] = new Rect( mColorRectangles[i - 1].right, 0, mColorRectangles[i - 1].right + narrowColumnWidth, topHeight); } mColorRectangles[8] = new Rect(mColorRectangles[7].right, 0, mRectFrame.right, topHeight); for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) { int middleTop = mRectFrame.bottom * (7 + i) / 12; int middleBottom = mRectFrame.bottom * (8 + i) / 12; mColorRectangles[i + 9] = new Rect(0, middleTop, wideColumnWidth, middleBottom); mColorRectangles[i + 11] = new Rect(wideColumnWidth, middleTop, narrowColumnWidth + wideColumnWidth, middleBottom); mColorRectangles[i + 13] = new Rect(narrowColumnWidth * 7 + wideColumnWidth, middleTop, mRectFrame.right, middleBottom); } mColorRectangles[15] = new Rect(narrowColumnWidth + wideColumnWidth, topHeight, narrowColumnWidth * 7 + wideColumnWidth, mRectFrame.bottom * 8 / 12); mGradientRect = new Rect(mColorRectangles[15].left, mColorRectangles[15].bottom, mColorRectangles[15].right, mRectFrame.bottom * 9 / 12); mGradient = new GradientDrawable(Orientation.LEFT_RIGHT, new int[] { 0xff050505, 0xfffdfdfd }); mGradient.setBounds(mGradientRect); mColorRectangles[16] = new Rect(0, bottomHeight, wideColumnWidth, mRectFrame.right); mColorRectangles[17] = new Rect(mColorRectangles[16].right, bottomHeight, mRectFrame.right * 9 / 56 + mColorRectangles[16].right, mRectFrame.bottom); mColorRectangles[18] = new Rect(mColorRectangles[17].right, bottomHeight, mRectFrame.right * 3 / 14 + mColorRectangles[17].right, mRectFrame.bottom); mColorRectangles[19] = new Rect(mColorRectangles[18].right, bottomHeight, mRectFrame.right * 45 / 448 + mColorRectangles[18].right, mRectFrame.bottom); for (int i = 20; i < 25; i++) { mColorRectangles[i] = new Rect( mColorRectangles[i - 1].right, bottomHeight, mRectFrame.right * 15 / 448 + mColorRectangles[i - 1].right, mRectFrame.right); } mColorRectangles[25] = new Rect(mColorRectangles[24].right, bottomHeight, narrowColumnWidth + mColorRectangles[24].right, mRectFrame.bottom); mColorRectangles[26] = new Rect(mColorRectangles[25].right, bottomHeight, mRectFrame.right, mRectFrame.bottom); } else { int topHeight = mRectFrame.right * 5 / 12; int bottomHeight = mRectFrame.right / 4; int wideColumnWidth = mRectFrame.bottom / 8; int narrowColumnWidth = mRectFrame.bottom * 3 / 28; mColorRectangles[0] = new Rect(topHeight, 0, mRectFrame.bottom, wideColumnWidth); for (int i = 1; i < 8; i++) { mColorRectangles[i] = new Rect(topHeight, mColorRectangles[i - 1].bottom, mRectFrame.right, narrowColumnWidth + mColorRectangles[i - 1].bottom); } mColorRectangles[8] = new Rect(topHeight, mColorRectangles[7].bottom, mRectFrame.right, mRectFrame.bottom); for (int i = 0; i < 2; i++) { int middleLeft = mRectFrame.right * (4 - i) / 12; int middleRight = mRectFrame.right * (5 - i) / 12; mColorRectangles[i + 9] = new Rect(middleLeft, 0, middleRight, wideColumnWidth); mColorRectangles[i + 11] = new Rect(middleLeft, wideColumnWidth, middleRight, narrowColumnWidth + wideColumnWidth); mColorRectangles[i + 13] = new Rect(middleLeft, narrowColumnWidth * 7 + wideColumnWidth, middleRight, mRectFrame.bottom); } mColorRectangles[15] = new Rect(mRectFrame.right * 4 / 12, narrowColumnWidth + wideColumnWidth, mRectFrame.right * 5 / 12, narrowColumnWidth * 7 + wideColumnWidth); mGradientRect = new Rect(mRectFrame.right * 3 / 12, mColorRectangles[15].top, mColorRectangles[15].left, mColorRectangles[15].bottom); mGradient = new GradientDrawable(Orientation.TOP_BOTTOM, new int[] { 0xff050505, 0xfffdfdfd }); mGradient.setBounds(mGradientRect); mColorRectangles[16] = new Rect(0, 0, bottomHeight, wideColumnWidth); mColorRectangles[17] = new Rect(0, mColorRectangles[16].bottom, bottomHeight, mRectFrame.bottom * 9 / 56 + mColorRectangles[16].bottom); mColorRectangles[18] = new Rect(0, mColorRectangles[17].bottom, bottomHeight, mRectFrame.bottom * 3 / 14 + mColorRectangles[17].bottom); mColorRectangles[19] = new Rect(0, mColorRectangles[18].bottom, bottomHeight, mRectFrame.bottom * 45 / 448 + mColorRectangles[18].bottom); for (int i = 20; i < 25; i++) { mColorRectangles[i] = new Rect(0, mColorRectangles[i - 1].bottom, bottomHeight, mRectFrame.bottom * 15 / 448 + mColorRectangles[i - 1].bottom); } mColorRectangles[25] = new Rect(0, mColorRectangles[24].bottom, bottomHeight, narrowColumnWidth + mColorRectangles[24].bottom); mColorRectangles[26] = new Rect(0, mColorRectangles[25].bottom, bottomHeight, mRectFrame.bottom); } } private void CreateBars() { if (mHorizontal) { int narrowColumnWidth = mRectFrame.right / 7; int wideColumnWidth = mRectFrame.right * 5 / 28; int narrowestColumnWidth = mRectFrame.right / 21; int topColumnHeight = mRectFrame.bottom * 2 / 3; int middleColumnHeight = mRectFrame.bottom / 12; mColorRectangles[0] = new Rect(0, 0, narrowColumnWidth, topColumnHeight); for (int i = 1; i < 7; i++) { mColorRectangles[i] = new Rect( mColorRectangles[i - 1].right, 0, mColorRectangles[i - 1].right + narrowColumnWidth, topColumnHeight); } mColorRectangles[7] = new Rect(0, mColorRectangles[0].bottom, narrowColumnWidth, mColorRectangles[0].bottom + middleColumnHeight); for (int i = 8; i < 14; i++) { mColorRectangles[i] = new Rect( mColorRectangles[i - 1].right, mColorRectangles[7].top, mColorRectangles[i - 1].right + narrowColumnWidth, mColorRectangles[7].bottom); } mColorRectangles[14] = new Rect(0, mColorRectangles[7].bottom, wideColumnWidth, mRectFrame.bottom); for (int i = 15; i < 18; i++) { mColorRectangles[i] = new Rect( mColorRectangles[i - 1].right, mColorRectangles[14].top, mColorRectangles[i - 1].right + wideColumnWidth, mRectFrame.bottom); } mColorRectangles[18] = new Rect(mColorRectangles[17].right, mColorRectangles[17].top, mColorRectangles[17].right + narrowestColumnWidth, mRectFrame.bottom); for (int i = 19; i < 21; i++) { mColorRectangles[i] = new Rect( mColorRectangles[i - 1].right, mColorRectangles[14].top, mColorRectangles[i - 1].right + narrowestColumnWidth, mRectFrame.bottom); } mColorRectangles[21] = new Rect(mColorRectangles[20].right, mColorRectangles[17].top, mColorRectangles[6].right, mRectFrame.bottom); } else { int narrowColumnWidth = mRectFrame.bottom / 7; int wideColumnWidth = mRectFrame.bottom * 5 / 28; int narrowestColumnWidth = mRectFrame.bottom / 21; int topColumnHeight = mRectFrame.right / 3; int middleColumnHeight = mRectFrame.right / 12; mColorRectangles[0] = new Rect(topColumnHeight, 0, mRectFrame.right, narrowColumnWidth); for (int i = 1; i < 7; i++) { mColorRectangles[i] = new Rect(topColumnHeight, mColorRectangles[i - 1].bottom, mRectFrame.right, mColorRectangles[i - 1].bottom + narrowColumnWidth); } mColorRectangles[7] = new Rect(mColorRectangles[0].left + middleColumnHeight, 0, mColorRectangles[0].left, narrowColumnWidth); for (int i = 8; i < 14; i++) { mColorRectangles[i] = new Rect(mColorRectangles[7].left, mColorRectangles[i - 1].bottom, mColorRectangles[7].right, mColorRectangles[i - 1].bottom + narrowColumnWidth); } mColorRectangles[14] = new Rect(0, 0, mColorRectangles[7].right, wideColumnWidth); for (int i = 15; i < 18; i++) { mColorRectangles[i] = new Rect(0, mColorRectangles[i - 1].bottom, mColorRectangles[7].right, mColorRectangles[i - 1].bottom + wideColumnWidth); } mColorRectangles[18] = new Rect(0, mColorRectangles[17].bottom, mColorRectangles[7].right, mColorRectangles[17].bottom + narrowestColumnWidth); for (int i = 19; i < 21; i++) { mColorRectangles[i] = new Rect(0, mColorRectangles[i - 1].bottom, mColorRectangles[7].right, mColorRectangles[i - 1].bottom + narrowestColumnWidth); } mColorRectangles[21] = new Rect(0, mColorRectangles[20].bottom, mColorRectangles[7].right, mRectFrame.bottom); } } private void CreateEbu() { if (mHorizontal) { int narrowColumnWidth = mRectFrame.right / 8; mColorRectangles[0] = new Rect(0, 0, narrowColumnWidth, mRectFrame.bottom); for (int i = 1; i < 8; i++) { mColorRectangles[i] = new Rect( mColorRectangles[i - 1].right, 0, mColorRectangles[i - 1].right + narrowColumnWidth, mRectFrame.bottom); } } else { int narrowColumnWidth = mRectFrame.bottom / 8; mColorRectangles[0] = new Rect(0, 0, mRectFrame.right, narrowColumnWidth); for (int i = 1; i < 8; i++) { mColorRectangles[i] = new Rect(0, mColorRectangles[i - 1].bottom, mRectFrame.right, narrowColumnWidth + mColorRectangles[i - 1].bottom); } } } } }
<service android:name=".LiveWallpaper" android:label="@string/app_name" android:icon="@drawable/icon"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.service.wallpaper.WallpaperService" /> </intent-filter> <meta-data android:name="android.service.wallpaper" android:resource="@xml/livewallpaper" /> </service>
public class LiveWallpaperSettings extends PreferenceActivity implements SharedPreferences.OnSharedPreferenceChangeListener { @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle icicle) { super.onCreate(icicle); getPreferenceManager().setSharedPreferencesName( LiveWallpaper.SHARED_PREFS_NAME); addPreferencesFromResource(R.xml.livewallpaper_settings); getPreferenceManager().getSharedPreferences() .registerOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(this); } @Override protected void onResume() { super.onResume(); } @Override protected void onDestroy() { getPreferenceManager().getSharedPreferences() .unregisterOnSharedPreferenceChangeListener(this); super.onDestroy(); } public void onSharedPreferenceChanged(SharedPreferences sharedPreferences, String key) { } }同时仍然在androidmanifest.xml中加入 下面的代码。
<activity android:label="@string/livewallpaper_settings" android:name=".LiveWallpaperSettings" android:theme="@android:style/Theme.Light.WallpaperSettings" android:exported="true" android:icon="@drawable/icon"> </activity>5. 由于Android动态壁纸是2.1 API Level为7才加入的,所以设置好minSDK以及需要设备支持动态壁纸,我们在androidmanifest.xml中加入
<uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="7" /> <uses-feature android:name="android.software.live_wallpaper" />
6. 对于文中ListPreference用到的数组,及代码中涉及的颜色数组,我们在/res/values/ 文件夹中创建一个名为testpatterns.xml 的文件,内容为
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <resources xmlns:xliff="urn:oasis:names:tc:xliff:document:1.2"> <string-array name="livewallpaper_testpattern_names"> <item>"Color Bars 16x9"</item> <item>"Color Bars 4x3"</item> <item>"EBU Color Bars"</item> </string-array> <string-array name="livewallpaper_testpattern_prefix"> <item>"smpte"</item> <item>"bars"</item> <item>"ebu"</item> </string-array> <integer-array name="smptecolors"> <item>0xFF696969</item> <item>0xFFC1C1C1</item> <item>0xFFC1C100</item> <item>0xFF00C1C1</item> <item>0xFF00C100</item> <item>0xFFC100C1</item> <item>0xFFC10000</item> <item>0xFF0000C1</item> <item>0xFF696969</item> <item>0xFF00FFFF</item> <item>0xFFFFFF00</item> <item>0xFF052550</item> <item>0xFF36056D</item> <item>0xFF0000FF</item> <item>0xFFFF0000</item> <item>0xFFC1C1C1</item> <item>0xFF2B2B2B</item> <item>0xFF050505</item> <item>0xFFFFFFFF</item> <item>0xFF050505</item> <item>0xFF000000</item> <item>0xFF050505</item> <item>0xFF0A0A0A</item> <item>0xFF050505</item> <item>0xFF0D0D0D</item> <item>0xFF050505</item> <item>0xFF2b2b2b</item> </integer-array> <integer-array name="barscolors"> <item>0xFFC0C0C0</item> <item>0xFFC0C000</item> <item>0xFF00C0C0</item> <item>0xFF00C000</item> <item>0xFFC000C0</item> <item>0xFFC00000</item> <item>0xFF0000C0</item> <item>0xFF0000C0</item> <item>0xFF131313</item> <item>0xFFC000C0</item> <item>0xFF131313</item> <item>0xFF00C0C0</item> <item>0xFF131313</item> <item>0xFFC0C0C0</item> <item>0xFF00214C</item> <item>0xFFFFFFFF</item> <item>0xFF32006A</item> <item>0xFF131313</item> <item>0xFF090909</item> <item>0xFF131313</item> <item>0xFF1D1D1D</item> <item>0xFF131313</item> </integer-array> <integer-array name="ebucolors"> <item>0xFFBFBFBF</item> <item>0xFFBFBF00</item> <item>0xFF00BFBF</item> <item>0xFF00BF00</item> <item>0xFFBF00BF</item> <item>0xFFBF0000</item> <item>0xFF0000BF</item> <item>0xFF000000</item> </integer-array> </resources>