出自:http://blog.myspace.cn/e/400640039.htm
四、jFreeChart产生图形的流程
创建一个数据源(dataset)来包含将要在图形中显示的数据
创建一个 JFreeChart 对象来代表要显示的图形
把图形输出
重要的类和接口:
org.jfree.data.general.Dataset 所有数据源类都要实现的接口
org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory 由它来产生 JFreeChart 对象
org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart 所有对图形的调整都是通过它噢!!
org.jfree.chart.plot.Plot 通过JFreeChart 对象获得它,然后再通过它对图形外部部分(例:坐标轴)调整
注意:它有很多子类,一般都下嗍造型到它的子类!
org.jfree.chart.renderer.AbstractRenderer 通过JFreeChart 对象获得它,然后再通过它对图形内部部分
(例:折线的类型)调整。同样,针对不同类型的报表图,它有
着不同的子类实现!在下面我们简称它为 Renderer
下面我们结合不同类型的图形来具体分析这个流程。
五、饼图
饼图的dataset 一般是用PieDataset 接口,具体实现类是 DefaultPieDataset
1、创建一个数据源(dataset):
private static PieDataset createDataset()
{
DefaultPieDataset defaultpiedataset = new DefaultPieDataset(); //注意是DefaultPieDataset!!
defaultpiedataset.setValue(”One”, new Double(43.200000000000003D));
defaultpiedataset.setValue(”Two”, new Double(10D));
defaultpiedataset.setValue(”Three”, new Double(27.5D));
defaultpiedataset.setValue(”Four”, new Double(17.5D));
return defaultpiedataset;
}
2、由ChartFactory 产生 JFreeChart 对象
private static JFreeChart createChart(PieDataset piedataset)
{
JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createPieChart(”Pie Chart Demo 1″, //图形标题名称
piedataset, // dataset
true, // legend?
true, // tooltips?
false); //URLs?
PiePlot pieplot = (PiePlot)jfreechart.getPlot(); //通过JFreeChart 对象获得 plot:PiePlot!!
pieplot.setNoDataMessage(”No data available”); // 没有数据的时候显示的内容
return jfreechart;
}
一些重要的方法:
pieplot.setExplodePercent(0,0.3D) //把Lable 为”One” 的那一块”挖”出来30%
3、输出略
六、柱状图
柱状图的dataset 一般是用CatagoryDataset接口(具体实现类是DefaultCategoryDataset),也会用 IntervalXYDataset
接口
1、创建一个数据源(dataset):
private static CategoryDataset createDataset()
{
String series1 = “First”;
String series2 = “Second”;
String series3 = “Third”;
String category1 = “Category 1″;
String category2 = “Category 2″;
String category3 = “Category 3″;
String category4 = “Category 4″;
String category5 = “Category 5″;
DefaultCategoryDataset defaultcategorydataset = new DefaultCategoryDataset();
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(1.0D, series1, category1);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series1, category2);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series1, category3);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series1, category4);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series1, category5);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series2, category1);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(7D, series2, category2);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(6D, series2, category3);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(8D, series2, category4);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series2, category5);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series3, category1);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, category2);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(2D, series3, category3);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, category4);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(6D, series3, category5);
return defaultcategorydataset;
}
2、由ChartFactory 产生 JFreeChart 对象
private static JFreeChart createChart(CategoryDataset categorydataset)
{
JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createBarChart(
"Bar Chart Demo", //图形标题名称
"Category",//domain 轴 Lable这里先简单理解为横坐标Lable好了
"Value", //range 轴 Lable这里也先简单理解为纵坐标Lable好了
categorydataset, // dataset
PlotOrientation.VERTICAL, //垂直显示
true, // legend?
true, // tooltips?
false); //URLs?
jfreechart.setBackgroundPaint(Color.white); //设定背景色为白色
CategoryPlot categoryplot = jfreechart.getCategoryPlot(); //获得 plot:CategoryPlot!!
categoryplot.setBackgroundPaint(Color.lightGray); //设定图表数据显示部分背景色
categoryplot.setDomainGridlinePaint(Color.white); //横坐标网格线白色
categoryplot.setDomainGridlinesVisible(true); //可见
categoryplot.setRangeGridlinePaint(Color.white); //纵坐标网格线白色
//设置series1与category的显示位置;类似效果图http://www.chinabs.net/webimages/PieChart7.png
categoryplot.setDomainAxisLocation(AxisLocation.TOP_OR_RIGHT);
categoryplot.setRangeAxisLocation(AxisLocation.BOTTOM_OR_RIGHT);
//使纵坐标的最小单位格为整数
NumberAxis numberaxis = (NumberAxis)categoryplot.getRangeAxis();
numberaxis.setStandardTickUnits(NumberAxis.createIntegerTickUnits());
BarRenderer barrenderer = (BarRenderer)categoryplot.getRenderer(); //获得renderer 注意这里是下嗍造型到BarRenderer!!
//显示每个柱的数值,并修改该数值的字体属性;类似效果图http://www.chinabs.net/webimages/PieChart6.png
barrenderer.setItemLabelGenerator(new StandardCategoryItemLabelGenerator());
barrenderer.setItemLabelFont(new Font("黑体",Font.PLAIN,12));
barrenderer.setItemLabelsVisible(true);
barrenderer.setDrawBarOutline(false); // Bar的外轮廓线不画
GradientPaint gradientpaint = new GradientPaint(0.0F, 0.0F, Color.blue,0.0F, 0.0F, new Color(0, 0, 64)); //设定特定颜色
GradientPaint gradientpaint1 = new GradientPaint(0.0F, 0.0F, Color.green,0.0F, 0.0F, new Color(0, 64, 0));
GradientPaint gradientpaint2 = new GradientPaint(0.0F, 0.0F, Color.red,0.0F, 0.0F, new Color(64, 0, 0));
barrenderer.setSeriesPaint(0, gradientpaint); //给series1 Bar设定上面定义的颜色
barrenderer.setSeriesPaint(1, gradientpaint1); //给series2 Bar 设定上面定义的颜色
barrenderer.setSeriesPaint(2, gradientpaint2); //给series3 Bar 设定上面定义的颜色
CategoryAxis categoryaxis = categoryplot.getDomainAxis(); //横轴上的 Lable 45度倾斜
categoryaxis.setCategoryLabelPositions(CategoryLabelPositions.UP_45);
return jfreechart;
}
一些重要的方法:(增加一块标记)
IntervalMarker intervalmarker = new IntervalMarker(4.5D, 7.5D);
intervalmarker.setLabel("Target Range");
intervalmarker.setLabelFont(new Font(”SansSerif”, 2, 11));
intervalmarker.setLabelAnchor(RectangleAnchor.LEFT);
intervalmarker.setLabelTextAnchor(TextAnchor.CENTER_LEFT);
intervalmarker.setPaint(new Color(222, 222, 255, 128));
categoryplot.addRangeMarker(intervalmarker, Layer.BACKGROUND);
七、折线图
折线图的dataset 两种CatagoryDataset接口(具体实现类是DefaultCategoryDataset),XYDataset 接口
1、CatagoryDataset接口:
A、创建一个数据源(dataset):
private static CategoryDataset createDataset()
{
String series1 = “First”;
String series2 = “Second”;
String series3 = “Third”;
String type1 = “Type 1″;
String type2 = “Type 2″;
String type3 = “Type 3″;
String type4 = “Type 4″;
String type5 = “Type 5″;
String type6 = “Type 6″;
String type7 = “Type 7″;
String type8 = “Type 8″;
DefaultCategoryDataset defaultcategorydataset = new DefaultCategoryDataset();
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(1.0D, series1, type1);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series1, type2);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series1, type3);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series1, type4);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series1, type5);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(7D, series1, type6);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(7D, series1, type7);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(8D, series1, type8);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series2, type1);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(7D, series2, type2);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(6D, series2, type3);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(8D, series2, type4);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series2, type5);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series2, type6);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(2D, series2, type7);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(1.0D, series2, type8);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series3, type1);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, type2);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(2D, series3, type3);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, type4);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(6D, series3, type5);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, type6);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series3, type7);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, type8);
return defaultcategorydataset;
}
B、由ChartFactory 产生 JFreeChart 对象 (与上面重复的部分就不再注释)
private static JFreeChart createChart(CategoryDataset categorydataset)
{
JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createLineChart(”Line Chart Demo 1″,
“Type”,
“Value”,
categorydataset,
PlotOrientation.VERTICAL,
true,
true,
false);
jfreechart.setBackgroundPaint(Color.white);
CategoryPlot categoryplot = (CategoryPlot)jfreechart.getPlot();
categoryplot.setBackgroundPaint(Color.lightGray);
categoryplot.setRangeGridlinePaint(Color.white);
NumberAxis numberaxis = (NumberAxis)categoryplot.getRangeAxis();
numberaxis.setStandardTickUnits(NumberAxis.createIntegerTickUnits());
numberaxis.setAutoRangeIncludesZero(true);
//获得renderer 注意这里是下嗍造型到lineandshaperenderer!!
LineAndShapeRenderer lineandshaperenderer = (LineAndShapeRenderer)categoryplot.getRenderer();
lineandshaperenderer.setShapesVisible(true); //series 点(即数据点)可见
lineandshaperenderer.setSeriesStroke(0, new BasicStroke(2.0F, 1, 1, 1.0F, new float[] {
10F, 6F
}, 0.0F)); //定义series为”First”的(即series1)点之间的连线 ,这里是虚线,默认是直线
lineandshaperenderer.setSeriesStroke(1, new BasicStroke(2.0F, 1, 1, 1.0F, new float[] {
6F, 6F
}, 0.0F)); //定义series为”Second”的(即series2)点之间的连线
lineandshaperenderer.setSeriesStroke(2, new BasicStroke(2.0F, 1, 1, 1.0F, new float[] {
2.0F, 6F
}, 0.0F)); //定义series为”Third”的(即series3)点之间的连线
return jfreechart;
}
一些重要的方法:
lineandshaperenderer.setLineVisible(true) //series 点(即数据点)间有连线可见
2、XYDataset 接口:
A、创建一个数据源(dataset):
private static XYDataset createDataset()
{
XYSeries xyseries = new XYSeries(”First”); //先产生XYSeries 对象
xyseries.add(1.0D, 1.0D);
xyseries.add(2D, 4D);
xyseries.add(3D, 3D);
xyseries.add(4D, 5D);
xyseries.add(5D, 5D);
xyseries.add(6D, 7D);
xyseries.add(7D, 7D);
xyseries.add(8D, 8D);
XYSeries xyseries1 = new XYSeries(”Second”);
xyseries1.add(1.0D, 5D);
xyseries1.add(2D, 7D);
xyseries1.add(3D, 6D);
xyseries1.add(4D, 8D);
xyseries1.add(5D, 4D);
xyseries1.add(6D, 4D);
xyseries1.add(7D, 2D);
xyseries1.add(8D, 1.0D);
XYSeries xyseries2 = new XYSeries(”Third”);
xyseries2.add(3D, 4D);
xyseries2.add(4D, 3D);
xyseries2.add(5D, 2D);
xyseries2.add(6D, 3D);
xyseries2.add(7D, 6D);
xyseries2.add(8D, 3D);
xyseries2.add(9D, 4D);
xyseries2.add(10D, 3D);
XYSeriesCollection xyseriescollection = new XYSeriesCollection(); //再用XYSeriesCollection添加入XYSeries 对象
xyseriescollection.addSeries(xyseries);
xyseriescollection.addSeries(xyseries1);
xyseriescollection.addSeries(xyseries2);
return xyseriescollection;
}
B、由ChartFactory 产生 JFreeChart 对象
private static JFreeChart createChart(XYDataset xydataset)
{
JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createXYLineChart(”Line Chart Demo 2″,
“X”,
“Y”,
xydataset,
PlotOrientation.VERTICAL,
true,
true,
false);
jfreechart.setBackgroundPaint(Color.white);
XYPlot xyplot = (XYPlot)jfreechart.getPlot(); //获得 plot:XYPlot!!
xyplot.setBackgroundPaint(Color.lightGray); //设定图表数据显示部分背景色
xyplot.setAxisOffset(new RectangleInsets(5D, 5D, 5D, 5D)); //设定坐标轴与图表数据显示部分距离
xyplot.setDomainGridlinePaint(Color.white); //网格线颜色
xyplot.setRangeGridlinePaint(Color.white);
//获得 renderer 注意这里是XYLineAndShapeRenderer !!
XYLineAndShapeRenderer xylineandshaperenderer = (XYLineAndShapeRenderer)xyplot.getRenderer();
xylineandshaperenderer.setShapesVisible(true); //数据点可见
xylineandshaperenderer.setShapesFilled(true); //数据点被填充即不是空心点
NumberAxis numberaxis = (NumberAxis)xyplot.getRangeAxis();
numberaxis.setStandardTickUnits(NumberAxis.createIntegerTickUnits());
return jfreechart;
}
一些重要的方法:
XYLineAndShapeRenderer xylineandshaperenderer = new XYLineAndShapeRenderer();
xylineandshaperenderer.setSeriesLinesVisible(0, false); //第一个XYSeries数据点间连线不可见
xylineandshaperenderer.setSeriesShapesVisible(1, false); //第二个XYSeries数据点不可见
xyplot.setRenderer(xylineandshaperenderer);
八、时间序列图
时间序列图和折线图很相似,不同的是它在 domain轴的数据是时间而不是数字。 时间序列图的dataset 是
XYDataset 接口,具体实现类是TimeSeriesCollection ,和上面类似,有TimeSeries 对象,它被添加入
TimeSeriesCollection 。
1、创建一个数据源(dataset):
private static XYDataset createDataset()
{
TimeSeries timeseries = new TimeSeries(”L&G European Index Trust”,Month.class);
timeseries.add(new Month(2, 2001), 181.8D);//这里用的是Month.class,同样还有Day.class Year.class 等等
timeseries.add(new Month(3, 2001), 167.3D);
timeseries.add(new Month(4, 2001), 153.8D);
timeseries.add(new Month(5, 2001), 167.6D);
timeseries.add(new Month(6, 2001), 158.8D);
timeseries.add(new Month(7, 2001), 148.3D);
timeseries.add(new Month(8, 2001), 153.9D);
timeseries.add(new Month(9, 2001), 142.7D);
timeseries.add(new Month(10, 2001), 123.2D);
timeseries.add(new Month(11, 2001), 131.8D);
timeseries.add(new Month(12, 2001), 139.6D);
timeseries.add(new Month(1, 2002), 142.9D);
timeseries.add(new Month(2, 2002), 138.7D);
timeseries.add(new Month(3, 2002), 137.3D);
timeseries.add(new Month(4, 2002), 143.9D);
timeseries.add(new Month(5, 2002), 139.8D);
timeseries.add(new Month(6, 2002), 137D);
timeseries.add(new Month(7, 2002), 132.8D);
TimeSeries timeseries1 = new TimeSeries(”L&G UK Index Trust”,Month.class);
timeseries1.add(new Month(2, 2001), 129.6D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(3, 2001), 123.2D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(4, 2001), 117.2D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(5, 2001), 124.1D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(6, 2001), 122.6D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(7, 2001), 119.2D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(8, 2001), 116.5D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(9, 2001), 112.7D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(10, 2001), 101.5D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(11, 2001), 106.1D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(12, 2001), 110.3D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(1, 2002), 111.7D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(2, 2002), 111D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(3, 2002), 109.6D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(4, 2002), 113.2D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(5, 2002), 111.6D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(6, 2002), 108.8D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(7, 2002), 101.6D);
TimeSeriesCollection timeseriescollection = new TimeSeriesCollection();
timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries);
timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries1);
timeseriescollection.setDomainIsPointsInTime(true); //domain轴上的刻度点代表的是时间点而不是时间段
return timeseriescollection;
}
2、由ChartFactory 产生 JFreeChart 对象
private static JFreeChart createChart(XYDataset xydataset)
{
JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createTimeSeriesChart(”Legal & General Unit Trust Prices”,
“Date”,
“Price Per Unit”,
xydataset,
true,
true,
false);
jfreechart.setBackgroundPaint(Color.white);
XYPlot xyplot = (XYPlot)jfreechart.getPlot(); //获得 plot : XYPlot!!
xyplot.setBackgroundPaint(Color.lightGray);
xyplot.setDomainGridlinePaint(Color.white);
xyplot.setRangeGridlinePaint(Color.white);
xyplot.setAxisOffset(new RectangleInsets(5D, 5D, 5D, 5D));
xyplot.setDomainCrosshairVisible(true);
xyplot.setRangeCrosshairVisible(true);
org.jfree.chart.renderer.xy.XYItemRenderer xyitemrenderer = xyplot.getRenderer();
if(xyitemrenderer instanceof XYLineAndShapeRenderer)
{
XYLineAndShapeRenderer xylineandshaperenderer = (XYLineAndShapeRenderer)xyitemrenderer;
xylineandshaperenderer.setDefaultShapesVisible(true); //数据点可见
xylineandshaperenderer.setDefaultShapesFilled(true); //数据点是实心点
}
DateAxis dateaxis = (DateAxis)xyplot.getDomainAxis(); //对domain 轴上日期显示格式定义
dateaxis.setDateFormatOverride(new SimpleDateFormat(”MMM-yyyy”));
return jfreechart;
}
一些重要的方法:
A、增加标记线:
xyplot.addRangeMarker(new ValueMarker(550D)); //数值轴
Quarter quarter = new Quarter(2, 2002);
xyplot.addDomainMarker(new ValueMarker(quarter.getMiddleMillisecond())); //时间轴
B、数据点的调整
XYLineAndShapeRenderer xylineandshaperenderer = (XYLineAndShapeRenderer)xyplot.getRenderer();
xylineandshaperenderer.setDefaultShapesVisible(true); //数据点可见
xylineandshaperenderer.setSeriesFillPaint(0, Color.red); //数据点填充为红色
xylineandshaperenderer.setSeriesFillPaint(1, Color.white); //数据点填充为白色
xylineandshaperenderer.setUseFillPaint(true); //应用
C、平均值曲线
这个曲线有什么用呢?很简单的例子,这里有一个以半年每天为单位的数据绘制的曲线,我们想看看以月为单位数据
的变化,这时就可以用到它了。
TimeSeries timeseries = createEURTimeSeries(); //就是以半年每天为单位的数据
TimeSeries timeseries1 = MovingAverage.createMovingAverage(timeseries,
“30 day moving average”,
30, //30天为一个周期
30); //最开始的30天跳过
TimeSeriesCollection timeseriescollection = new TimeSeriesCollection();
timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries);
timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries1);
return timeseriescollection;
九、总结一下
dataset plot renderer
饼图 PieDataset(DefaultPieDataset) PiePlot ——
柱状图 CatagoryDataset(DefaultCategoryDataset) CategoryPlot BarRenderer
折线图 CatagoryDataset(DefaultCategoryDataset) CategoryPlot LineAndShapeRenderer
XYDataset(XYSeriesCollection) XYPlot XYLineAndShapeRenderer
时间序列图 XYDataset (TimeSeriesCollection) XYPlot XYLineAndShapeRenderer
这里只是一些常用的方法,具体还是看API
十、Item Lable
这里以柱状图为例说明,具体来说就是在每个柱状上显示它的数据,具体有下面内容:
A、使 Item Lable 可见
B、调整 Item Lable 的颜色、字体等
C、调整 Item Lable 的位置
D、定制 Item Lable 的内容
1、分配一个 Lable Generator 给 renderer
BarRenderer barrenderer = (BarRenderer)categoryplot.getRenderer();
GategoryLableGenerator generator =new StandardGategoryLableGenerator(
“{2}”, new DecimalFormat(”0.00″) //调整显示的数字和字符格式
);
barrenderer.setLableGenerator(generator);
2、使 Item Lable 可见
barrenderer.setItemLableVisible(true);
3、调整 Item Lable 的颜色、字体等
barrenderer.setItemLablePaint(Color.red);
barrenderer.setItemLableFont(new Font(”SansSerif”,Font.PLAIN,10));
4、调整 Item Lable 的位置
这里涉及到一个新的对象 ItemLablePosition , ItemLablePosition的构造函数有两个或四个参数
public ItemLabelPosition(ItemLabelAnchor itemLabelAnchor,
org.jfree.ui.TextAnchor textAnchor,
org.jfree.ui.TextAnchor rotationAnchor,
double angle)
itemLabelAnchor - Item Lable 的位置 (最重要的!!)
textAnchor - Item Lable里包含的正文相对于Item Lable 的位置
rotationAnchor - Item Lable里包含的正文旋转的位置
angle - 旋转的角度
ItemLabelPosition itemlabelposition = new ItemLabelPosition(ItemLabelAnchor.INSIDE12,
TextAnchor.CENTER_RIGHT,
TextAnchor.CENTER_RIGHT,
-1.57D);
barrenderer.setPositiveItemLabelPosition(itemlabelposition);
这样就可以每个柱状上显示它的数据了,当然可以定制 Item Lable 的内容,比如 Item Lable text 超过100的才显示,这样就需要定制自己的类,它要实现GategoryLableGenerator 接口,实现generateItemLable()方法
其他说明:
//设置Legend的位置
//((JFreeChart) chart).getLegend().setPosition(RectangleEdge.RIGHT);
//设置最高的一个 Item 与图片顶端的距离
plot.getRangeAxis().setUpperMargin(0.15);
//设置最低的一个 Item 与图片底端的距离
plot.getRangeAxis().setLowerMargin(0.15);
//坐标轴字体
plot.getDomainAxis().setLabelFont(new Font("宋体", Font.PLAIN, 12));
//横轴每个分类的字体
plot.getDomainAxis().setTickLabelFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 12));
if(labelPositionsUP_45)
plot.getDomainAxis().setCategoryLabelPositions(CategoryLabelPositions.UP_45);
//柱图列宽度((BarRenderer) plot.getRenderer()).setMaximumBarWidth(barWidth);
我想用jfreechart做一个折线图,要求横轴是日1期,竖轴是数量。横轴日期为每个月的所有天数。如1月是1-31日,则页面上是31个点的折线图。根据每个月天数不同横轴坐标有不同的天数,问怎样实现?有样例代码也可以。谢谢了。
你的折线图只有一条线?线上有31个点?
给你一个例子,参考着改改就行了。jfc_0.9
package org.jfree.chart.demo;
import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Polygon;
import java.awt.Shape;
import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartPanel;
import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart;
import org.jfree.chart.axis.NumberAxis;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.CategoryPlot;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.DefaultDrawingSupplier;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.DrawingSupplier;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.PlotOrientation;
import org.jfree.chart.renderer.category.LineAndShapeRenderer;
import org.jfree.data.category.CategoryDataset;
import org.jfree.data.category.DefaultCategoryDataset;
字串4
import org.jfree.ui.ApplicationFrame;
import org.jfree.ui.RefineryUtilities;
/**
* A line chart demo showing the use of a custom drawing supplier.
*
*/
public class LineChartDemo5 extends ApplicationFrame {
/**
* Creates a new demo.
*
* @param title the frame title.
*/
public LineChartDemo5(final String title) {
super(title);
final CategoryDataset dataset = createDataset();
final JFreeChart chart = createChart(dataset);
final ChartPanel chartPanel = new ChartPanel(chart);
chartPanel.setPreferredSize(new java.awt.Dimension(500, 270));
setContentPane(chartPanel);
}
/**
* Creates a sample dataset.
*
* @return a sample dataset.
*/
private CategoryDataset createDataset() {
// row keys...
final String series1 = "First";
final String series2 = "Second";
字串4
final String series3 = "Third";
// column keys...
final String type1 = "Type 1";
final String type2 = "Type 2";
final String type3 = "Type 3";
final String type4 = "Type 4";
final String type5 = "Type 5";
final String type6 = "Type 6";
final String type7 = "Type 7";
final String type8 = "Type 8";
// create the dataset...
final DefaultCategoryDataset dataset = new DefaultCategoryDataset();
dataset.addValue(1.0, series1, type1);
dataset.addValue(4.0, series1, type2);
dataset.addValue(3.0, series1, type3);
dataset.addValue(5.0, series1, type4);
dataset.addValue(5.0, series1, type5);
dataset.addValue(7.0, series1, type6);
dataset.addValue(7.0, series1, type7);
dataset.addValue(8.0, series1, type8);
dataset.addValue(5.0, series2, type1);
dataset.addValue(7.0, series2, type2);
dataset.addValue(6.0, series2, type3);
dataset.addValue(8.0, series2, type4);
dataset.addValue(4.0, series2, type5);
dataset.addValue(4.0, series2, type6);
dataset.addValue(2.0, series2, type7);
dataset.addValue(1.0, series2, type8);
dataset.addValue(4.0, series3, type1);
dataset.addValue(3.0, series3, type2);
dataset.addValue(2.0, series3, type3);
dataset.addValue(3.0, series3, type4);
dataset.addValue(6.0, series3, type5);
dataset.addValue(3.0, series3, type6);
dataset.addValue(4.0, series3, type7);
dataset.addValue(3.0, series3, type8);
return dataset;
}
/**
* Creates a sample chart.
*
* @param dataset the dataset.
*
* @return a chart. 字串2
*/
private JFreeChart createChart(final CategoryDataset dataset) {
final JFreeChart chart = ChartFactory.createLineChart(
"Line Chart Demo 5", // chart title
"Type", // domain axis label
"Value", // range axis label
dataset, // data
PlotOrientation.VERTICAL, // orientation
true, // include legend
true, // tooltips
false // urls
);
// final StandardLegend legend = (StandardLegend) chart.getLegend();
// legend.setDisplaySeriesShapes(true);
final Shape[] shapes = new Shape[3];
int[] xpoints;
int[] ypoints;
// right-pointing triangle
/****
* 获取一个演示用的组合数据集对象 (时间曲线图)
* @return
*/
private static XYDataset createDataset()
{
TimePeriodValues timeseries1 = new TimePeriodValues("Chart Title");
//这地方可以使用循环,把x轴,y轴 的值 辅给timeseries1
TimePeriodValuesCollection timeseriescollection = new TimePeriodValuesCollection();
for(int i =1;i<10;i++)
{
Minute min = new Minute(new Date());
timeseries1.add(min, i);
timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries1);
}
return timeseriescollection;
}
jfreechart(
http://www.jfree.org/jfreechart/index.html
)。可以绘制 pie charts 饼图,bar charts 柱状图,line and area charts曲线图,scatter plots and bubble charts 散列图,time series 时序图,Area Charts区域图,Difference Chart差异图,Step Chart步骤图,Multiple Axis Charts 混合图,Gantt charts甘特图,combination charts 复合图 JFreeChart核心类库介绍: jfreechart主要由两个大的包组成:org.jfree.chart,org.jfree.data。其中前者主要与图形 本身有关,后者与图形显示的数据有关。 核心类主要有: org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart:图表对象,任何类型的图表的最终表现形式都是在该对象进行一些属性的定制。JFreeChart引擎本身提供了一个工厂类用于创建不同类型的图表对象 org.jfree.data.category.XXXDataSet:数据集对象,用于提供显示图表所用的数据。根据不同类型的图表对应着很多类型的数据集对象类 org.jfree.chart.plot.XXXPlot:图表区域对象,基本上这个对象决定着什么样式的图表,创建该对象的时候需要Axis、Renderer以及数据集对象的支持 org.jfree.chart.axis.XXXAxis:用于处理图表的两个轴:纵轴和横轴 org.jfree.chart.render.XXXRender:负责如何显示一个图表对象 org.jfree.chart.urls.XXXURLGenerator:用于生成Web图表中每个项目的鼠标点击链接 XXXXXToolTipGenerator:用于生成图象的帮助提示,不同类型图表对应不同类型的工具提示类 对于常用的饼图阖柱状图,比较简单而且网上有很多的文章介绍,在这里就不再一一复述了, (可以参考这篇文章 http://www-128.ibm.com/developerworks/cn/java/l-jfreechart/index.html?ca=dwcn-isc &me=ccid) 主要说明下另一种常见的报表,时序图,首先声明一个曲线数据集合对象和曲线对象 TimePeriodValuesCollection timeseriescollection = new TimePeriodValuesCollection(); //声明具体是曲线对象,(可根据实际情况在同一张图中显示多条曲线进行数据比对,根据实际应用情况当超过4条曲线时,就会有些乱。) TimePeriodValues timeperiod1 = new TimePeriodValues("服务器A在线用户数量"); TimePeriodValues timeperiod2 = new TimePeriodValues("服务器B在线用户数量"); 我在使用TimeSeriesCollection tsc = new TimeSeriesCollection(); TimeSeries ts = new TimeSeries(); 在生成数据集时(ts.add(new Day(day, month, year),10)))只能生成最小单位为天的横轴所以改用了TimePeriodValuesCollection //根据当前时间取得横轴坐标,时间间隔为1小时 Calendar cal = Calendar.getInstance(); int year = cal.get(Calendar.YEAR); int month = cal.get(Calendar.MONTH) + 1; int day = cal.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH); //这里改为根据自己程序得到的需要显示的时间点和对应的数据的集合; List objectList1 = dao.getList1(); List objectList2 = dao.getList2(); //使用循环,把x轴,y轴的值赋给timeseries1 for (int i =0;i<objecthash1.size();i++) { int hour = objecthash1[i].getHours(); int count = objecthash1[i].getCount(); //将每一对数据(时间,数值)添加到数据集合1(曲线对象1)中 timeseries1.add(new Hour(hour, day, month, year),count); } for (int i =0;i<objecthash2.size();i++) { int hour = objecthash2[i].getHours(); int count = objecthash2[i].getCount(); //将每一对数据(时间,数值)添加到数据集合2(曲线对象2)中 timeseries2.add(new Hour(hour, day, month, year),count); } //将曲线对象添加到曲线数据集合对象中 timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries1); timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries2); //绘制报表 String title = "日在线用户统计"; //报表标题 String domain = "时间"; //x轴 String range = "用户在线数量"; //y轴 //创建时间序列图对象 JFreeChart chart = ChartFactory.createTimeSeriesChart( title, //报表标题 domain, //报表横轴标签 range, //报表纵轴标签 timeseriescollection, //数据集合 true, //是否显示图例,在这里如果为true则会在图表的下方显示各条数据曲线的名称和颜色 false, // 是否生成工具 false // 是否生成URL链接); //将报表保存为jpg文件 ChartUtilities.saveChartAsJPEG(file, //文件保存物理路径包括路径和文件名 100, //图片质量 chart, //图表对象 1024, //图像宽度 768, //图像高度 null); //显示信息 //将报表直接在页面输出 ChartUtilities.writeChartAsJPEG(res.getOutputStream(),100,chart,1024,768,null); String title="月在线用户统计"; //标题 String domain="时间(天)";//x轴 String range="用户在线数量";//y轴 TimePeriodValuesCollection timeseriescollection = new TimePeriodValuesCollection(); TimePeriodValues timeseries = new TimePeriodValues( "用户数量"); timeseries.add(new Minute(0, 1, 1, 1, 2006), 100); timeseries.add(new Minute(10, 1, 1, 1, 2006), 500); timeseries.add(new Minute(20, 1, 1, 1, 2006), 300); timeseries.add(new Minute(30, 1, 1, 1, 2006), 800); JFreeChart chart =ChartFactory.createTimeSeriesChart(title,domain,range,timeseriescollection,true,false,false); 当我们生成了一个报表对象时,可能需要根据实际情况来决定报表的横轴和纵轴的数值间隔,显示方式等。 可以用XYPlot xyplot = (XYPlot)chart.getPlot();来得到所有数据点的集合。(其它形状图表得到的数据集对象根据实际情况造型) 得到数据点集合后,我们就可以设置各条曲线的颜色,和坐标轴的距离,x轴、y轴的显示方式等等属性 xyplot.setBackgroundPaint(Color.lightGray); //设定图表数据显示部分背景色 xyplot.setAxisOffset(new RectangleInsets(5D, 5D, 5D, 5D)); //设定坐标轴与图表数据显示部分距离 xyplot.setDomainGridlinePaint(Color.white); //网格线纵向颜色 xyplot.setRangeGridlinePaint(Color.white); //网格线横向颜色 数据点的调整 XYLineAndShapeRenderer xylineandshaperenderer = (XYLineAndShapeRenderer)xyplot.getRenderer(); xylineandshaperenderer.setDefaultShapesVisible(true); //数据点可见 xylineandshaperenderer.setSeriesFillPaint(0, Color.red); //设置第一条曲线数据点填充为红色,如果一个图表有多条曲线可分别设置 xylineandshaperenderer.setUseFillPaint(true); //应用 使用xyplot.getRangeAxis()得到纵轴,xyplot.getDomainAxis()得到横轴,得到后可以根据实际情况造型为自己所需要的类型。 我的图表纵轴为数值类型,横轴为时间类型,使用如下方式 NumberAxis numAxis = (NumberAxis)xyplot.getRangeAxis(); DateAxis dateaxis = (DateAxis)xyplot.getDomainAxis(); //设置y显示方式 numAxis.setAutoTickUnitSelection(false);//数据轴的数据标签是否自动确定 double rangetick = 0.1D; numAxis.setTickUnit(new NumberTickUnit(rangetick)); //y轴单位间隔为0.1 //设置x轴显示方式 dateaxis.setAutoTickUnitSelection(false);//数据轴的数据标签是否自动确定 dateaxis.setTickUnit(new DateTickUnit(DateTickUnit.DAY,1));//x轴单位间隔为1天 我们还可以是将数据格式化以后显示,比如y轴显示百分比(10%~100%),x轴显示为×月×日 NumberFormat nf =NumberFormat.getPercentInstance(); numAxis.setNumberFormatOverride(nf);//设置y轴以百分比方式显示 SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("MM月dd"); dateaxis.setDateFormatOverride(format);//设置x轴数据单位以×月×日方式显示 时序图中还有一个很重要的方法 timeseriescollection.setDomainIsPointsInTime(true); //x轴上的刻度点代表的是时间点而不是时间段 最开始我没有设置这个属性,结果画出来的图,老是差半格不能在这个刻度的时候准确显示,往后移了半格,就是因为JFreeChart默认这个刻度是 一个时间段,它把这个刻度和下个刻度的中间点认为是显示数据点最佳位置。 其他一些关于AXIS类的方法: Axis类: void setVisible(boolean flag)坐标轴是否可见 void setAxisLinePaint(Paint paint)坐标轴线条颜色(3D轴无效) void setAxisLineStroke(Stroke stroke)坐标轴线条笔触(3D轴无效) void setAxisLineVisible(boolean visible)坐标轴线条是否可见(3D轴无效) void setFixedDimension(double dimension)(用于复合表中对多坐标轴的设置) void setLabel(String label)坐标轴标题 void setLabelFont(Font font)坐标轴标题字体 void setLabelPaint(Paint paint)坐标轴标题颜色 void setLabelAngle(double angle)`坐标轴标题旋转角度(纵坐标可以旋转) void setTickLabelFont(Font font)坐标轴标尺值字体 void setTickLabelPaint(Paint paint)坐标轴标尺值颜色 void setTickLabelsVisible(boolean flag)坐标轴标尺值是否显示 void setTickMarkPaint(Paint paint)坐标轴标尺颜色 void setTickMarkStroke(Stroke stroke)坐标轴标尺笔触 void setTickMarksVisible(boolean flag)坐标轴标尺是否显示 ValueAxis(Axis)类: void setAutoRange(boolean auto)自动设置数据轴数据范围 void setAutoRangeMinimumSize(double size)自动设置数据轴数据范围时数据范围的最小跨度 void setAutoTickUnitSelection(boolean flag)数据轴的数据标签是否自动确定(默认为true) void setFixedAutoRange(double length)数据轴固定数据范围(设置100的话就是显示MAXVALUE到MAXVALUE-100那段数据范围) void setInverted(boolean flag)数据轴是否反向(默认为false) void setLowerMargin(double margin)数据轴下(左)边距 void setUpperMargin(double margin)数据轴上(右)边距 void setLowerBound(double min)数据轴上的显示最小值 void setUpperBound(double max)数据轴上的显示最大值 void setPositiveArrowVisible(boolean visible)是否显示正向箭头(3D轴无效) void setNegativeArrowVisible(boolean visible)是否显示反向箭头(3D轴无效) void setVerticalTickLabels(boolean flag)数据轴数据标签是否旋转到垂直 void setStandardTickUnits(TickUnitSource source)数据轴的数据标签(可以只显示整数标签,需要将AutoTickUnitSelection设false) NumberAxis(ValueAxis)类: void setAutoRangeIncludesZero(boolean flag)是否强制在自动选择的数据范围中包含0 void setAutoRangeStickyZero(boolean flag)是否强制在整个数据轴中包含0,即使0不在数据范围中 void setNumberFormatOverride(NumberFormat formatter)数据轴数据标签的显示格式 void setTickUnit(NumberTickUnit unit)数据轴的数据标签(需要将AutoTickUnitSelection设false) DateAxis(ValueAxis)类: void setMaximumDate(Date maximumDate)日期轴上的最小日期 void setMinimumDate(Date minimumDate)日期轴上的最大日期 void setRange(Date lower,Date upper)日期轴范围 void setDateFormatOverride(DateFormat formatter)日期轴日期标签的显示格式 void setTickUnit(DateTickUnit unit)日期轴的日期标签(需要将AutoTickUnitSelection设false) void setTickMarkPosition(DateTickMarkPosition position)日期标签位置(参数常量在org.jfree.chart.axis.DateTickMarkPosition类中定义) CategoryAxis(Axis)类: void setCategoryMargin(double margin)分类轴边距 void setLowerMargin(double margin)分类轴下(左)边距 void setUpperMargin(double margin)分类轴上(右)边距 void setVerticalCategoryLabels(boolean flag)分类轴标题是否旋转到垂直 void setMaxCategoryLabelWidthRatio(float ratio)分类轴分类标签的最大宽度 |
四、jFreeChart产生图形的流程
创建一个数据源(dataset)来包含将要在图形中显示的数据
创建一个 JFreeChart 对象来代表要显示的图形
把图形输出
重要的类和接口:
org.jfree.data.general.Dataset 所有数据源类都要实现的接口
org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory 由它来产生 JFreeChart 对象
org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart 所有对图形的调整都是通过它噢!!
org.jfree.chart.plot.Plot 通过JFreeChart 对象获得它,然后再通过它对图形外部部分(例:坐标轴)调整
注意:它有很多子类,一般都下嗍造型到它的子类!
org.jfree.chart.renderer.AbstractRenderer 通过JFreeChart 对象获得它,然后再通过它对图形内部部分
(例:折线的类型)调整。同样,针对不同类型的报表图,它有
着不同的子类实现!在下面我们简称它为 Renderer
下面我们结合不同类型的图形来具体分析这个流程。
五、饼图
饼图的dataset 一般是用PieDataset 接口,具体实现类是 DefaultPieDataset
1、创建一个数据源(dataset):
private static PieDataset createDataset()
{
DefaultPieDataset defaultpiedataset = new DefaultPieDataset(); //注意是DefaultPieDataset!!
defaultpiedataset.setValue(”One”, new Double(43.200000000000003D));
defaultpiedataset.setValue(”Two”, new Double(10D));
defaultpiedataset.setValue(”Three”, new Double(27.5D));
defaultpiedataset.setValue(”Four”, new Double(17.5D));
return defaultpiedataset;
}
2、由ChartFactory 产生 JFreeChart 对象
private static JFreeChart createChart(PieDataset piedataset)
{
JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createPieChart(”Pie Chart Demo 1″, //图形标题名称
piedataset, // dataset
true, // legend?
true, // tooltips?
false); //URLs?
PiePlot pieplot = (PiePlot)jfreechart.getPlot(); //通过JFreeChart 对象获得 plot:PiePlot!!
pieplot.setNoDataMessage(”No data available”); // 没有数据的时候显示的内容
return jfreechart;
}
一些重要的方法:
pieplot.setExplodePercent(0,0.3D) //把Lable 为”One” 的那一块”挖”出来30%
3、输出略
六、柱状图
柱状图的dataset 一般是用CatagoryDataset接口(具体实现类是DefaultCategoryDataset),也会用 IntervalXYDataset
接口
1、创建一个数据源(dataset):
private static CategoryDataset createDataset()
{
String series1 = “First”;
String series2 = “Second”;
String series3 = “Third”;
String category1 = “Category 1″;
String category2 = “Category 2″;
String category3 = “Category 3″;
String category4 = “Category 4″;
String category5 = “Category 5″;
DefaultCategoryDataset defaultcategorydataset = new DefaultCategoryDataset();
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(1.0D, series1, category1);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series1, category2);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series1, category3);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series1, category4);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series1, category5);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series2, category1);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(7D, series2, category2);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(6D, series2, category3);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(8D, series2, category4);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series2, category5);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series3, category1);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, category2);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(2D, series3, category3);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, category4);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(6D, series3, category5);
return defaultcategorydataset;
}
2、由ChartFactory 产生 JFreeChart 对象
private static JFreeChart createChart(CategoryDataset categorydataset)
{
JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createBarChart(
"Bar Chart Demo", //图形标题名称
"Category",//domain 轴 Lable这里先简单理解为横坐标Lable好了
"Value", //range 轴 Lable这里也先简单理解为纵坐标Lable好了
categorydataset, // dataset
PlotOrientation.VERTICAL, //垂直显示
true, // legend?
true, // tooltips?
false); //URLs?
jfreechart.setBackgroundPaint(Color.white); //设定背景色为白色
CategoryPlot categoryplot = jfreechart.getCategoryPlot(); //获得 plot:CategoryPlot!!
categoryplot.setBackgroundPaint(Color.lightGray); //设定图表数据显示部分背景色
categoryplot.setDomainGridlinePaint(Color.white); //横坐标网格线白色
categoryplot.setDomainGridlinesVisible(true); //可见
categoryplot.setRangeGridlinePaint(Color.white); //纵坐标网格线白色
//设置series1与category的显示位置;类似效果图http://www.chinabs.net/webimages/PieChart7.png
categoryplot.setDomainAxisLocation(AxisLocation.TOP_OR_RIGHT);
categoryplot.setRangeAxisLocation(AxisLocation.BOTTOM_OR_RIGHT);
//使纵坐标的最小单位格为整数
NumberAxis numberaxis = (NumberAxis)categoryplot.getRangeAxis();
numberaxis.setStandardTickUnits(NumberAxis.createIntegerTickUnits());
BarRenderer barrenderer = (BarRenderer)categoryplot.getRenderer(); //获得renderer 注意这里是下嗍造型到BarRenderer!!
//显示每个柱的数值,并修改该数值的字体属性;类似效果图http://www.chinabs.net/webimages/PieChart6.png
barrenderer.setItemLabelGenerator(new StandardCategoryItemLabelGenerator());
barrenderer.setItemLabelFont(new Font("黑体",Font.PLAIN,12));
barrenderer.setItemLabelsVisible(true);
barrenderer.setDrawBarOutline(false); // Bar的外轮廓线不画
GradientPaint gradientpaint = new GradientPaint(0.0F, 0.0F, Color.blue,0.0F, 0.0F, new Color(0, 0, 64)); //设定特定颜色
GradientPaint gradientpaint1 = new GradientPaint(0.0F, 0.0F, Color.green,0.0F, 0.0F, new Color(0, 64, 0));
GradientPaint gradientpaint2 = new GradientPaint(0.0F, 0.0F, Color.red,0.0F, 0.0F, new Color(64, 0, 0));
barrenderer.setSeriesPaint(0, gradientpaint); //给series1 Bar设定上面定义的颜色
barrenderer.setSeriesPaint(1, gradientpaint1); //给series2 Bar 设定上面定义的颜色
barrenderer.setSeriesPaint(2, gradientpaint2); //给series3 Bar 设定上面定义的颜色
CategoryAxis categoryaxis = categoryplot.getDomainAxis(); //横轴上的 Lable 45度倾斜
categoryaxis.setCategoryLabelPositions(CategoryLabelPositions.UP_45);
return jfreechart;
}
一些重要的方法:(增加一块标记)
IntervalMarker intervalmarker = new IntervalMarker(4.5D, 7.5D);
intervalmarker.setLabel("Target Range");
intervalmarker.setLabelFont(new Font(”SansSerif”, 2, 11));
intervalmarker.setLabelAnchor(RectangleAnchor.LEFT);
intervalmarker.setLabelTextAnchor(TextAnchor.CENTER_LEFT);
intervalmarker.setPaint(new Color(222, 222, 255, 128));
categoryplot.addRangeMarker(intervalmarker, Layer.BACKGROUND);
七、折线图
折线图的dataset 两种CatagoryDataset接口(具体实现类是DefaultCategoryDataset),XYDataset 接口
1、CatagoryDataset接口:
A、创建一个数据源(dataset):
private static CategoryDataset createDataset()
{
String series1 = “First”;
String series2 = “Second”;
String series3 = “Third”;
String type1 = “Type 1″;
String type2 = “Type 2″;
String type3 = “Type 3″;
String type4 = “Type 4″;
String type5 = “Type 5″;
String type6 = “Type 6″;
String type7 = “Type 7″;
String type8 = “Type 8″;
DefaultCategoryDataset defaultcategorydataset = new DefaultCategoryDataset();
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(1.0D, series1, type1);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series1, type2);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series1, type3);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series1, type4);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series1, type5);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(7D, series1, type6);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(7D, series1, type7);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(8D, series1, type8);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(5D, series2, type1);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(7D, series2, type2);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(6D, series2, type3);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(8D, series2, type4);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series2, type5);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series2, type6);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(2D, series2, type7);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(1.0D, series2, type8);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series3, type1);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, type2);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(2D, series3, type3);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, type4);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(6D, series3, type5);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, type6);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(4D, series3, type7);
defaultcategorydataset.addValue(3D, series3, type8);
return defaultcategorydataset;
}
B、由ChartFactory 产生 JFreeChart 对象 (与上面重复的部分就不再注释)
private static JFreeChart createChart(CategoryDataset categorydataset)
{
JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createLineChart(”Line Chart Demo 1″,
“Type”,
“Value”,
categorydataset,
PlotOrientation.VERTICAL,
true,
true,
false);
jfreechart.setBackgroundPaint(Color.white);
CategoryPlot categoryplot = (CategoryPlot)jfreechart.getPlot();
categoryplot.setBackgroundPaint(Color.lightGray);
categoryplot.setRangeGridlinePaint(Color.white);
NumberAxis numberaxis = (NumberAxis)categoryplot.getRangeAxis();
numberaxis.setStandardTickUnits(NumberAxis.createIntegerTickUnits());
numberaxis.setAutoRangeIncludesZero(true);
//获得renderer 注意这里是下嗍造型到lineandshaperenderer!!
LineAndShapeRenderer lineandshaperenderer = (LineAndShapeRenderer)categoryplot.getRenderer();
lineandshaperenderer.setShapesVisible(true); //series 点(即数据点)可见
lineandshaperenderer.setSeriesStroke(0, new BasicStroke(2.0F, 1, 1, 1.0F, new float[] {
10F, 6F
}, 0.0F)); //定义series为”First”的(即series1)点之间的连线 ,这里是虚线,默认是直线
lineandshaperenderer.setSeriesStroke(1, new BasicStroke(2.0F, 1, 1, 1.0F, new float[] {
6F, 6F
}, 0.0F)); //定义series为”Second”的(即series2)点之间的连线
lineandshaperenderer.setSeriesStroke(2, new BasicStroke(2.0F, 1, 1, 1.0F, new float[] {
2.0F, 6F
}, 0.0F)); //定义series为”Third”的(即series3)点之间的连线
return jfreechart;
}
一些重要的方法:
lineandshaperenderer.setLineVisible(true) //series 点(即数据点)间有连线可见
2、XYDataset 接口:
A、创建一个数据源(dataset):
private static XYDataset createDataset()
{
XYSeries xyseries = new XYSeries(”First”); //先产生XYSeries 对象
xyseries.add(1.0D, 1.0D);
xyseries.add(2D, 4D);
xyseries.add(3D, 3D);
xyseries.add(4D, 5D);
xyseries.add(5D, 5D);
xyseries.add(6D, 7D);
xyseries.add(7D, 7D);
xyseries.add(8D, 8D);
XYSeries xyseries1 = new XYSeries(”Second”);
xyseries1.add(1.0D, 5D);
xyseries1.add(2D, 7D);
xyseries1.add(3D, 6D);
xyseries1.add(4D, 8D);
xyseries1.add(5D, 4D);
xyseries1.add(6D, 4D);
xyseries1.add(7D, 2D);
xyseries1.add(8D, 1.0D);
XYSeries xyseries2 = new XYSeries(”Third”);
xyseries2.add(3D, 4D);
xyseries2.add(4D, 3D);
xyseries2.add(5D, 2D);
xyseries2.add(6D, 3D);
xyseries2.add(7D, 6D);
xyseries2.add(8D, 3D);
xyseries2.add(9D, 4D);
xyseries2.add(10D, 3D);
XYSeriesCollection xyseriescollection = new XYSeriesCollection(); //再用XYSeriesCollection添加入XYSeries 对象
xyseriescollection.addSeries(xyseries);
xyseriescollection.addSeries(xyseries1);
xyseriescollection.addSeries(xyseries2);
return xyseriescollection;
}
B、由ChartFactory 产生 JFreeChart 对象
private static JFreeChart createChart(XYDataset xydataset)
{
JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createXYLineChart(”Line Chart Demo 2″,
“X”,
“Y”,
xydataset,
PlotOrientation.VERTICAL,
true,
true,
false);
jfreechart.setBackgroundPaint(Color.white);
XYPlot xyplot = (XYPlot)jfreechart.getPlot(); //获得 plot:XYPlot!!
xyplot.setBackgroundPaint(Color.lightGray); //设定图表数据显示部分背景色
xyplot.setAxisOffset(new RectangleInsets(5D, 5D, 5D, 5D)); //设定坐标轴与图表数据显示部分距离
xyplot.setDomainGridlinePaint(Color.white); //网格线颜色
xyplot.setRangeGridlinePaint(Color.white);
//获得 renderer 注意这里是XYLineAndShapeRenderer !!
XYLineAndShapeRenderer xylineandshaperenderer = (XYLineAndShapeRenderer)xyplot.getRenderer();
xylineandshaperenderer.setShapesVisible(true); //数据点可见
xylineandshaperenderer.setShapesFilled(true); //数据点被填充即不是空心点
NumberAxis numberaxis = (NumberAxis)xyplot.getRangeAxis();
numberaxis.setStandardTickUnits(NumberAxis.createIntegerTickUnits());
return jfreechart;
}
一些重要的方法:
XYLineAndShapeRenderer xylineandshaperenderer = new XYLineAndShapeRenderer();
xylineandshaperenderer.setSeriesLinesVisible(0, false); //第一个XYSeries数据点间连线不可见
xylineandshaperenderer.setSeriesShapesVisible(1, false); //第二个XYSeries数据点不可见
xyplot.setRenderer(xylineandshaperenderer);
八、时间序列图
时间序列图和折线图很相似,不同的是它在 domain轴的数据是时间而不是数字。 时间序列图的dataset 是
XYDataset 接口,具体实现类是TimeSeriesCollection ,和上面类似,有TimeSeries 对象,它被添加入
TimeSeriesCollection 。
1、创建一个数据源(dataset):
private static XYDataset createDataset()
{
TimeSeries timeseries = new TimeSeries(”L&G European Index Trust”,Month.class);
timeseries.add(new Month(2, 2001), 181.8D);//这里用的是Month.class,同样还有Day.class Year.class 等等
timeseries.add(new Month(3, 2001), 167.3D);
timeseries.add(new Month(4, 2001), 153.8D);
timeseries.add(new Month(5, 2001), 167.6D);
timeseries.add(new Month(6, 2001), 158.8D);
timeseries.add(new Month(7, 2001), 148.3D);
timeseries.add(new Month(8, 2001), 153.9D);
timeseries.add(new Month(9, 2001), 142.7D);
timeseries.add(new Month(10, 2001), 123.2D);
timeseries.add(new Month(11, 2001), 131.8D);
timeseries.add(new Month(12, 2001), 139.6D);
timeseries.add(new Month(1, 2002), 142.9D);
timeseries.add(new Month(2, 2002), 138.7D);
timeseries.add(new Month(3, 2002), 137.3D);
timeseries.add(new Month(4, 2002), 143.9D);
timeseries.add(new Month(5, 2002), 139.8D);
timeseries.add(new Month(6, 2002), 137D);
timeseries.add(new Month(7, 2002), 132.8D);
TimeSeries timeseries1 = new TimeSeries(”L&G UK Index Trust”,Month.class);
timeseries1.add(new Month(2, 2001), 129.6D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(3, 2001), 123.2D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(4, 2001), 117.2D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(5, 2001), 124.1D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(6, 2001), 122.6D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(7, 2001), 119.2D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(8, 2001), 116.5D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(9, 2001), 112.7D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(10, 2001), 101.5D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(11, 2001), 106.1D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(12, 2001), 110.3D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(1, 2002), 111.7D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(2, 2002), 111D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(3, 2002), 109.6D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(4, 2002), 113.2D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(5, 2002), 111.6D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(6, 2002), 108.8D);
timeseries1.add(new Month(7, 2002), 101.6D);
TimeSeriesCollection timeseriescollection = new TimeSeriesCollection();
timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries);
timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries1);
timeseriescollection.setDomainIsPointsInTime(true); //domain轴上的刻度点代表的是时间点而不是时间段
return timeseriescollection;
}
2、由ChartFactory 产生 JFreeChart 对象
private static JFreeChart createChart(XYDataset xydataset)
{
JFreeChart jfreechart = ChartFactory.createTimeSeriesChart(”Legal & General Unit Trust Prices”,
“Date”,
“Price Per Unit”,
xydataset,
true,
true,
false);
jfreechart.setBackgroundPaint(Color.white);
XYPlot xyplot = (XYPlot)jfreechart.getPlot(); //获得 plot : XYPlot!!
xyplot.setBackgroundPaint(Color.lightGray);
xyplot.setDomainGridlinePaint(Color.white);
xyplot.setRangeGridlinePaint(Color.white);
xyplot.setAxisOffset(new RectangleInsets(5D, 5D, 5D, 5D));
xyplot.setDomainCrosshairVisible(true);
xyplot.setRangeCrosshairVisible(true);
org.jfree.chart.renderer.xy.XYItemRenderer xyitemrenderer = xyplot.getRenderer();
if(xyitemrenderer instanceof XYLineAndShapeRenderer)
{
XYLineAndShapeRenderer xylineandshaperenderer = (XYLineAndShapeRenderer)xyitemrenderer;
xylineandshaperenderer.setDefaultShapesVisible(true); //数据点可见
xylineandshaperenderer.setDefaultShapesFilled(true); //数据点是实心点
}
DateAxis dateaxis = (DateAxis)xyplot.getDomainAxis(); //对domain 轴上日期显示格式定义
dateaxis.setDateFormatOverride(new SimpleDateFormat(”MMM-yyyy”));
return jfreechart;
}
一些重要的方法:
A、增加标记线:
xyplot.addRangeMarker(new ValueMarker(550D)); //数值轴
Quarter quarter = new Quarter(2, 2002);
xyplot.addDomainMarker(new ValueMarker(quarter.getMiddleMillisecond())); //时间轴
B、数据点的调整
XYLineAndShapeRenderer xylineandshaperenderer = (XYLineAndShapeRenderer)xyplot.getRenderer();
xylineandshaperenderer.setDefaultShapesVisible(true); //数据点可见
xylineandshaperenderer.setSeriesFillPaint(0, Color.red); //数据点填充为红色
xylineandshaperenderer.setSeriesFillPaint(1, Color.white); //数据点填充为白色
xylineandshaperenderer.setUseFillPaint(true); //应用
C、平均值曲线
这个曲线有什么用呢?很简单的例子,这里有一个以半年每天为单位的数据绘制的曲线,我们想看看以月为单位数据
的变化,这时就可以用到它了。
TimeSeries timeseries = createEURTimeSeries(); //就是以半年每天为单位的数据
TimeSeries timeseries1 = MovingAverage.createMovingAverage(timeseries,
“30 day moving average”,
30, //30天为一个周期
30); //最开始的30天跳过
TimeSeriesCollection timeseriescollection = new TimeSeriesCollection();
timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries);
timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries1);
return timeseriescollection;
九、总结一下
dataset plot renderer
饼图 PieDataset(DefaultPieDataset) PiePlot ——
柱状图 CatagoryDataset(DefaultCategoryDataset) CategoryPlot BarRenderer
折线图 CatagoryDataset(DefaultCategoryDataset) CategoryPlot LineAndShapeRenderer
XYDataset(XYSeriesCollection) XYPlot XYLineAndShapeRenderer
时间序列图 XYDataset (TimeSeriesCollection) XYPlot XYLineAndShapeRenderer
这里只是一些常用的方法,具体还是看API
十、Item Lable
这里以柱状图为例说明,具体来说就是在每个柱状上显示它的数据,具体有下面内容:
A、使 Item Lable 可见
B、调整 Item Lable 的颜色、字体等
C、调整 Item Lable 的位置
D、定制 Item Lable 的内容
1、分配一个 Lable Generator 给 renderer
BarRenderer barrenderer = (BarRenderer)categoryplot.getRenderer();
GategoryLableGenerator generator =new StandardGategoryLableGenerator(
“{2}”, new DecimalFormat(”0.00″) //调整显示的数字和字符格式
);
barrenderer.setLableGenerator(generator);
2、使 Item Lable 可见
barrenderer.setItemLableVisible(true);
3、调整 Item Lable 的颜色、字体等
barrenderer.setItemLablePaint(Color.red);
barrenderer.setItemLableFont(new Font(”SansSerif”,Font.PLAIN,10));
4、调整 Item Lable 的位置
这里涉及到一个新的对象 ItemLablePosition , ItemLablePosition的构造函数有两个或四个参数
public ItemLabelPosition(ItemLabelAnchor itemLabelAnchor,
org.jfree.ui.TextAnchor textAnchor,
org.jfree.ui.TextAnchor rotationAnchor,
double angle)
itemLabelAnchor - Item Lable 的位置 (最重要的!!)
textAnchor - Item Lable里包含的正文相对于Item Lable 的位置
rotationAnchor - Item Lable里包含的正文旋转的位置
angle - 旋转的角度
ItemLabelPosition itemlabelposition = new ItemLabelPosition(ItemLabelAnchor.INSIDE12,
TextAnchor.CENTER_RIGHT,
TextAnchor.CENTER_RIGHT,
-1.57D);
barrenderer.setPositiveItemLabelPosition(itemlabelposition);
这样就可以每个柱状上显示它的数据了,当然可以定制 Item Lable 的内容,比如 Item Lable text 超过100的才显示,这样就需要定制自己的类,它要实现GategoryLableGenerator 接口,实现generateItemLable()方法
其他说明:
//设置Legend的位置
//((JFreeChart) chart).getLegend().setPosition(RectangleEdge.RIGHT);
//设置最高的一个 Item 与图片顶端的距离
plot.getRangeAxis().setUpperMargin(0.15);
//设置最低的一个 Item 与图片底端的距离
plot.getRangeAxis().setLowerMargin(0.15);
//坐标轴字体
plot.getDomainAxis().setLabelFont(new Font("宋体", Font.PLAIN, 12));
//横轴每个分类的字体
plot.getDomainAxis().setTickLabelFont(new Font("宋体", Font.BOLD, 12));
if(labelPositionsUP_45)
plot.getDomainAxis().setCategoryLabelPositions(CategoryLabelPositions.UP_45);
//柱图列宽度((BarRenderer) plot.getRenderer()).setMaximumBarWidth(barWidth);
我想用jfreechart做一个折线图,要求横轴是日1期,竖轴是数量。横轴日期为每个月的所有天数。如1月是1-31日,则页面上是31个点的折线图。根据每个月天数不同横轴坐标有不同的天数,问怎样实现?有样例代码也可以。谢谢了。
你的折线图只有一条线?线上有31个点?
给你一个例子,参考着改改就行了。jfc_0.9
package org.jfree.chart.demo;
import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Polygon;
import java.awt.Shape;
import java.awt.geom.Rectangle2D;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartFactory;
import org.jfree.chart.ChartPanel;
import org.jfree.chart.JFreeChart;
import org.jfree.chart.axis.NumberAxis;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.CategoryPlot;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.DefaultDrawingSupplier;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.DrawingSupplier;
import org.jfree.chart.plot.PlotOrientation;
import org.jfree.chart.renderer.category.LineAndShapeRenderer;
import org.jfree.data.category.CategoryDataset;
import org.jfree.data.category.DefaultCategoryDataset;
字串4
import org.jfree.ui.ApplicationFrame;
import org.jfree.ui.RefineryUtilities;
/**
* A line chart demo showing the use of a custom drawing supplier.
*
*/
public class LineChartDemo5 extends ApplicationFrame {
/**
* Creates a new demo.
*
* @param title the frame title.
*/
public LineChartDemo5(final String title) {
super(title);
final CategoryDataset dataset = createDataset();
final JFreeChart chart = createChart(dataset);
final ChartPanel chartPanel = new ChartPanel(chart);
chartPanel.setPreferredSize(new java.awt.Dimension(500, 270));
setContentPane(chartPanel);
}
/**
* Creates a sample dataset.
*
* @return a sample dataset.
*/
private CategoryDataset createDataset() {
// row keys...
final String series1 = "First";
final String series2 = "Second";
字串4
final String series3 = "Third";
// column keys...
final String type1 = "Type 1";
final String type2 = "Type 2";
final String type3 = "Type 3";
final String type4 = "Type 4";
final String type5 = "Type 5";
final String type6 = "Type 6";
final String type7 = "Type 7";
final String type8 = "Type 8";
// create the dataset...
final DefaultCategoryDataset dataset = new DefaultCategoryDataset();
dataset.addValue(1.0, series1, type1);
dataset.addValue(4.0, series1, type2);
dataset.addValue(3.0, series1, type3);
dataset.addValue(5.0, series1, type4);
dataset.addValue(5.0, series1, type5);
dataset.addValue(7.0, series1, type6);
dataset.addValue(7.0, series1, type7);
dataset.addValue(8.0, series1, type8);
dataset.addValue(5.0, series2, type1);
dataset.addValue(7.0, series2, type2);
dataset.addValue(6.0, series2, type3);
dataset.addValue(8.0, series2, type4);
dataset.addValue(4.0, series2, type5);
dataset.addValue(4.0, series2, type6);
dataset.addValue(2.0, series2, type7);
dataset.addValue(1.0, series2, type8);
dataset.addValue(4.0, series3, type1);
dataset.addValue(3.0, series3, type2);
dataset.addValue(2.0, series3, type3);
dataset.addValue(3.0, series3, type4);
dataset.addValue(6.0, series3, type5);
dataset.addValue(3.0, series3, type6);
dataset.addValue(4.0, series3, type7);
dataset.addValue(3.0, series3, type8);
return dataset;
}
/**
* Creates a sample chart.
*
* @param dataset the dataset.
*
* @return a chart. 字串2
*/
private JFreeChart createChart(final CategoryDataset dataset) {
final JFreeChart chart = ChartFactory.createLineChart(
"Line Chart Demo 5", // chart title
"Type", // domain axis label
"Value", // range axis label
dataset, // data
PlotOrientation.VERTICAL, // orientation
true, // include legend
true, // tooltips
false // urls
);
// final StandardLegend legend = (StandardLegend) chart.getLegend();
// legend.setDisplaySeriesShapes(true);
final Shape[] shapes = new Shape[3];
int[] xpoints;
int[] ypoints;
// right-pointing triangle
/****
* 获取一个演示用的组合数据集对象 (时间曲线图)
* @return
*/
private static XYDataset createDataset()
{
TimePeriodValues timeseries1 = new TimePeriodValues("Chart Title");
//这地方可以使用循环,把x轴,y轴 的值 辅给timeseries1
TimePeriodValuesCollection timeseriescollection = new TimePeriodValuesCollection();
for(int i =1;i<10;i++)
{
Minute min = new Minute(new Date());
timeseries1.add(min, i);
timeseriescollection.addSeries(timeseries1);
}
return timeseriescollection;
}