高性能RPC over MINA&google protobuf 代码&实例 (一)

最近团队在开发基于移动互联网的项目,又一次涉及到post service,即在服务器集群之间投递消息。是的,又是一个RPC服务。RPC实现方式从笨重的CORBA,SOAP over HTTP,XMPP over TCP,到轻量级的protobuf,scribe和Avro。这里不想比较各自的应用场景(另外后面三种RPC方式极为接近,都是通过提供Object <-> 二进制映射来提高高效的传输),本文的目的是给大家一点可以实际操作的代码:java如何用protobuf 实现rpc

 

和protobuf-socket-rpc的区别

protobuf-socket-rpc(code.google.com/p/protobuf-socket-rpc/)是googlecode为rpc写的简单实现。本文介绍的代码和googlecode不同之处在于:

1,基于NIO

2,增加了校验码

高性能RPC over google protobuf

 

Google's protocol buffer library makes writing rpc services easy, but it does not contain a rpc implementation. The transport details are left up to the user to implement.

google把这问题留给了我们,那么看看应该怎么实现。hellow world伪代码应该是这样的:

 

MessageLite message = getMessage(); // get a proto message object by proto file

OutputStream out = getOutputStream();
InputStream in = getInputStream();
message.writeDelimitedTo(out); //  Like writeTo(OutputStream), but writes the size of the message as a varint before writing the data
messageBuilder.mergeDelimitedFrom(in);
 

好了,这样就实现了序列化和反序列化。在真正的内容之前加入内容长度,这是一种最简单的实现。为了能可靠的进行传输,我在消息长度前加入了2个byte的验证码,下面就开始逐步构建我的rpc代码。

 

定义你的proto文件,为传输多种消息,需要有“命令”字段:比如:Maoyidao.proto

List 1:

 

package com.maoyidao.rpc;

message MaoyidaoPacket {
  required int32 cmd = 1;         
  required int32 subcmd = 2;   
  optional bytes content = 3;      
}

 

 

OK,compile it to Java class: protoc -I=$SRC_DIR --java_out=$DST_DIR $SRC_DIR/addressbook.proto

你会得到一个MaoyidaoPacket 类,然后你需要这样获得实例:

List 2:

 

Maoyidao.MaoyidaoPacket packet = Maoyidao.MaoyidaoPacket.newBuilder()
   .setCmd(mycmd)
   .setSubcmd(mysubcmd)
   .setContent(ByteString.copyFromUtf8("some message")).build(); 

 

 

我们先不讨论怎么基于MINA创建一个NIO,先假设我们获得了一个OutputStream,看看怎么把消息写出去(其中的关键是用一些特殊的字符来区分你的消息,这是RPC over TCP的基本要求):

List 3:

 

private final void writeObject(OutputStream os, Maoyidao.MaoyidaoPacket packet)  {		
		ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		com.google.protobuf.CodedOutputStream cos = com.google.protobuf.CodedOutputStream.newInstance(baos);	
		cos.writeRawVarint32(3);
		cos.writeRawVarint32(7);
		cos.writeRawVarint32(packet.getSerializedSize());
		vpacket.writeTo(cos);
		cos.flush();		
		os.write(baos.toByteArray());				
	        baos.close();
	}
}

 

注意我不仅写了分隔符,还写了content长度。

 

读进来的时候要用相同的方式解析,假设我们得到了一个Bytebuffer,熟悉NIO的同学知道,你总是会从ByteBuffer中读取数据。同时我需要用到com.google.protobuf.CodedInputStream:Reads and decodes protocol message fields. This class contains two kinds of methods: methods that read specific protocol message constructs and field types (e.g. readTag() and readInt32()) and methods that read low-level values (e.g. readRawVarint32() and readRawBytes(int)).)这样我就可以从inputstream中读到校验码:

 

 

		ByteBuffer in = getByteBuffer();
		CodedInputStream cis = CodedInputStream.newInstance(in);
		
		int flag1 = cis.readRawVarint32();
		int flag2 = cis.readRawVarint32();
		if(flag1 != 3 || flag2 != 7){
			// find some error
		}
		
		int contentLength = cis.readRawVarint32();
		int contentLength0 = contentLength + CodedOutputStream.computeRawVarint32Size(contentLength);
		
		if(in.remaining() >= contentLength0){			
			try {
				Maoyidao.MaoyidaoPacket.Builder builder = Maoyidao.MaoyidaoPacket.newBuilder();
				CodedInputStream.newInstance(getBytesFromIn(in,contentLength0)).readMessage(
					builder, ExtensionRegistry.getEmptyRegistry());				
				out.write(builder.build());
				in.position(in.position() + protocolLength);
				return true;
			} catch (Exception e) {
				// 
			}			
		}
		
		// ByteBuffer没有足够的数据,等待下一次
		// do something
 

截止目前,我们完成了带校验码的基于protobuf的消息序列化和反序列。在这个实现中,我更偏向把protobuf当做一个序列化工具来使用,整体还是依赖MINA本身提供的架构,这部分将在本系列的下一篇中详细阐述。

 

 

本文系maoyidao原创,转载请引用原链接:

http://maoyidao.iteye.com/blog/1636923

 

你可能感兴趣的:(protobuf)