oracle表空间的操作命令

CREATE TABLESPACE data01
DATAFILE ‘/oracle/oradata/db/DATA01.dbf‘ SIZE 500M
UNIFORM. SIZE 128k; #指定区尺寸为128k,如不指定，区尺寸默认为64k
删除表空间
DROP TABLESPACE data01 INCLUDING CONTENTS AND DATAFILES;
一、建立表空间
CREATE TABLESPACE data01
DATAFILE ‘/oracle/oradata/db/DATA01.dbf‘ SIZE 500M
UNIFORM. SIZE 128k; #指定区尺寸为128k,如不指定，区尺寸默认为64k
二、建立UNDO表空间
CREATE UNDO TABLESPACE UNDOTBS02
DATAFILE ‘/oracle/oradata/db/UNDOTBS02.dbf‘ SIZE 50M
#注意：在OPEN状态下某些时刻只能用一个UNDO表空间，如果要用新建的表空间，必须切换到该表空间:
ALTER SYSTEM SET undo_tablespace=UNDOTBS02;
三、建立临时表空间
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLESPACE temp_data
TEMPFILE ‘/oracle/oradata/db/TEMP_DATA.dbf‘ SIZE 50M
四、改变表空间状态
1.使表空间脱机
ALTER TABLESPACE game OFFLINE;
如果是意外删除了数据文件，则必须带有RECOVER选项
ALTER TABLESPACE game OFFLINE FOR RECOVER;
2.使表空间联机
ALTER TABLESPACE game ONLINE;
3.使数据文件脱机
ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE 3 OFFLINE;
4.使数据文件联机
ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE 3 ONLINE;
5.使表空间只读
ALTER TABLESPACE game READ ONLY;
6.使表空间可读写
ALTER TABLESPACE game READ WRITE;
五、删除表空间
DROP TABLESPACE data01 INCLUDING CONTENTS AND DATAFILES;
六、扩展表空间
首先查看表空间的名字和所属文件
select tablespace_name, file_id, file_name,
round(bytes/(1024*1024),0) total_space
from dba_data_files
order by tablespace_name;
1.增加数据文件
ALTER TABLESPACE game
ADD DATAFILE ‘/oracle/oradata/db/GAME02.dbf‘ SIZE 1000M;
2.手动增加数据文件尺寸
ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE ‘/oracle/oradata/db/GAME.dbf‘
RESIZE 4000M;
   3.删除表空间的一个数据文件
alter tablspace XXXX　offline;
      alter database datafile '......' drop including datafile;
      alter tablespace xxx online;
　　4.设定数据文件自动扩展
ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE ‘/oracle/oradata/db/GAME.dbf
AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 100M
MAXSIZE 10000M;
设定后查看表空间信息
SELECT A.TABLESPACE_NAME,A.BYTES TOTAL,B.BYTES USED, C.BYTES FREE,
(B.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% USED",(C.BYTES*100)/A.BYTES "% FREE"
FROM SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL A,SYS.SM$TS_USED B,SYS.SM$TS_FREE C
WHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAME=B.TABLESPACE_NAME AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME=C.TABLESPACE_NAME;
查询表空间相关信息的SQL:
1.查看表空间及文件大小（含undo表空间）
set linesize 300
set pagesize 500
col file_name format a80
col TABLESPACE_NAME for a30
select tablespace_name,file_id,status,bytes/1024/1024 FileSizeM,file_name
from dba_data_files order by tablespace_name;

2.查看表空间大小及利用率
set linesize 200
set pages 2000
col TABLESPACENAME for a30
select substr(a.TABLESPACE_NAME,1,15) TablespaceName,
sum(a.bytes/1024/1024) as "Totle_size(M)",
sum(nvl(b.free_space1/1024/1024,0)) as "Free_space(M)",
sum(a.bytes/1024/1024)-sum(nvl(b.free_space1/1024/1024,0)) as "Used_space(M)",
round((sum(a.bytes/1024/1024)-sum(nvl(b.free_space1/1024/1024,0)))
*100/sum(a.bytes/1024/1024),2) as "Used_percent%" from dba_data_files a,
(select sum(nvl(bytes,0)) free_space1,file_id from dba_free_space
group by file_id) b where a.file_id = b.file_id(+) group by a.TABLESPACE_NAME
order by "Used_percent%";
3.查看临时表空间对应的文件名和大小
col file_name for a50
col TABLESPACE_NAME for a20
select FILE_NAME,TABLESPACE_NAME,BYTES,USER_BYTES from dba_temp_files;

4.查看临时表空间对应的文件名和大小
4-1
set lines 200
set pages 2000
SELECT D.TABLESPACE_NAME,SPACE "SUM_SPACE(M)",BLOCKS SUM_BLOCKS,
USED_SPACE "USED_SPACE(M)",ROUND(NVL(USED_SPACE,0)/SPACE*100,2) "USED_RATE(%)",
NVL(FREE_SPACE,0) "FREE_SPACE(M)"
FROM (SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,ROUND(SUM(BYTES)/(1024*1024),2) SPACE,SUM(BLOCKS) BLOCKS
FROM DBA_TEMP_FILES GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) D,
(SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,ROUND(SUM(BYTES_USED)/(1024*1024),2)
USED_SPACE,ROUND(SUM(BYTES_FREE)/(1024*1024),2) FREE_SPACE FROM V$TEMP_SPACE_HEADER
GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) F WHERE D.TABLESPACE_NAME = F.TABLESPACE_NAME(+);

4-2
set lines 200
set pages 2000
select tablespace_name, file_id, bytes_used, bytes_free from v$temp_space_header ;

5.查看用户所使用的临时表空间
select username,default_tablespace,temporary_tablespace from dba_users;
6，system表空间扩充
alter database datafile'/opt/app/oracle/oradata/eomshn/system01.dbf'autoextend on;
alter database datafile'/opt/app/oracle/oradata/eomshn/system01.dbf'resize 1024M;