Nginx+Unicorn+rails多项目

使用nginx搭配unicorn来启动多个工程，同时还要照顾过去那些使用lighttpd启动的项目

一、nginx的安装配置

 tar zxvf nginx-0.7.67.tar.gz
 cd nginx-0.7.67/
 ./configure
 make
 make install

默认在/usr/local/nginx/sbin下
执行命令

cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin
 ./nginx

如是想更换端口 编辑配置文件/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 中的配置即可

下面要配置一个工程，通过nginx和unicorn来启动

  创建这个目录待用/tmp/nginx/sockets/
  在nginx配置文件中添加一个

  upstream config_manager {
    server unix:/tmp/nginx/sockets/config_manager_unicorn.sock fail_timeout=0;
  }

  server中添加

server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  ***.******.com;
        ………
        ……
        location ~ ^/config {                 (注：这是一个正则表达式 匹配浏览器地址访地址 的path,这里以config开头的path在这里面处理，也可以直接写成 location /config)
            proxy_pass_header Server;
            proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
            proxy_redirect off;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Scheme $scheme;

            proxy_pass http://config_manager;（注：这个config_manager 对应上面的upstream）
        }

二、安装unicorn并在项目中添加对应的配置
安装很简单，直接

gem install unicorn

  在工程里面 配置路径下添加(这个是github的配置文件，有很多没用的都贴出来了)
  unicorn.rb
  内容如下：

# unicorn_rails -c /data/github/current/config/unicorn.rb -E production -D

	rails_env = ENV['RAILS_ENV'] || 'production'

	# 16 workers and 1 master
	worker_processes (rails_env == 'production' ? 16 : 4)

	# Load rails+github.git into the master before forking workers
	# for super-fast worker spawn times
	preload_app true

	# Restart any workers that haven't responded in 30 seconds
	timeout 30

	# Listen on a Unix data socket
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!=========下面这个地址要与nginx.conf的upstream相对应
	listen '/tmp/nginx/sockets/config_manager_unicorn.sock', :backlog => 2048

	##
	# REE

	# http://www.rubyenterpriseedition.com/faq.html#adapt_apps_for_cow
	if GC.respond_to?(:copy_on_write_friendly=)
	  GC.copy_on_write_friendly = true
	end


	before_fork do |server, worker|
	  ##
	  # When sent a USR2, Unicorn will suffix its pidfile with .oldbin and
	  # immediately start loading up a new version of itself (loaded with a new
	  # version of our app). When this new Unicorn is completely loaded
	  # it will begin spawning workers. The first worker spawned will check to
	  # see if an .oldbin pidfile exists. If so, this means we've just booted up
	  # a new Unicorn and need to tell the old one that it can now die. To do so
	  # we send it a QUIT.
	  #
	  # Using this method we get 0 downtime deploys.

	  old_pid = RAILS_ROOT + '/tmp/pids/unicorn.pid.oldbin'
	  if File.exists?(old_pid) && server.pid != old_pid
	    begin
	      Process.kill("QUIT", File.read(old_pid).to_i)
	    rescue Errno::ENOENT, Errno::ESRCH
	      # someone else did our job for us
	    end
	  end
	end

	after_fork do |server, worker|
	  ##
	  # Unicorn master loads the app then forks off workers - because of the way
	  # Unix forking works, we need to make sure we aren't using any of the parent's
	  # sockets, e.g. db connection
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!=====注释掉了第二行，主要是因为没有开启相应的memcache服务之类======!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
	  ActiveRecord::Base.establish_connection
	  #CHIMNEY.client.connect_to_server
	  
	  # Redis and Memcached would go here but their connections are established
	  # on demand, so the master never opens a socket


	  ##
	  # Unicorn master is started as root, which is fine, but let's
	  # drop the workers to git:git

	  begin
	    uid, gid = Process.euid, Process.egid
	    user, group = 'root', 'root'
	    target_uid = Etc.getpwnam(user).uid
	    target_gid = Etc.getgrnam(group).gid
	    worker.tmp.chown(target_uid, target_gid)
	    if uid != target_uid || gid != target_gid
	      Process.initgroups(user, target_gid)
	      Process::GID.change_privilege(target_gid)
	      Process::UID.change_privilege(target_uid)
	    end
	  rescue => e
	    if RAILS_ENV == 'development'
	      STDERR.puts "couldn't change user, oh well"
	    else
	      raise e
	    end
	  end
	end

配置完成后 访问http://***.***.com/config，会出现config路由不存在，可在工程项目中的config/environment.rb中添加这么一句

ENV['RAILS_RELATIVE_URL_ROOT'] = "/config"

再放个简约的配置

worker_processes 3
listen '/tmp/nginx/sockets/*****.sock', :backlog => 2048
timeout 30

preload_app true

before_fork do |server, worker|
  old_pid = pid_file + '.oldbin'
  if File.exists?(old_pid) && server.pid != old_pid
    begin
      Process.kill("QUIT", File.read(old_pid).to_i)
    rescue Errno::ENOENT, Errno::ESRCH
      # someone else did our job for us
    end
  end
end

配置完成之后，打开工程目录后，运行：unicorn_rails -c config/unicorn.rb -E production


三、nginx反向代理lighttpd
现在要改用 nginx 做 web server,但是有一些老项目用的 lighttpd。
可以用 nginx 反向代理功能，把一些请求叫给 lighttpd 处理

1 修改 lighttpd 的配置文件

# /etc/lighttpd/lighttpd.conf

# 只允许本机访问  
	server.bind = "localhost"  
	  
	# 从81端口启动  
	server.port                = 81  

2 修改 nginx 的配置文件
# /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

http {  
	  # 新的项目 对应 new.domain.com 域名  
	  server {  
	    listen          80;  
	    server_name     new.domain.com;  
	    access_log      logs/domain1.access.log main;  
	   
	    index index.html;  
	    root  /var/www/domain1.com/htdocs;  
	  }  
	     
	   # 旧的项目 对应 old.domain.com 域名  
	   server {  
	      listen 80;  
	      server_name   old.domain.com;  
	      location / {  
                 proxy_pass_header Server;
                 proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
                 proxy_redirect off;
                 proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
                 proxy_set_header X-Scheme $scheme;
	        # 转发给 81 端口的 lighttpd 处理  
	        proxy_pass      http://127.0.0.1:81;  
	      }  
	    }  
	}