实现原理是使用一个xml文件来记录可供切换选择的壁纸。下面展示的是10.04中自带的一个样例。
首先说明一下,ubuntu默认的壁纸存放在/usr/share/backgrounds/目录下的,在该目录中还有一个cosmos(意思是“宇宙”)目录,cosmos里面的xml文件就是实现动态桌面壁纸切换功能的了。
本脚本就是对给定图片文件夹快速生成相应 xml配置文件。
现在关键是生成相应的xml 配置文件了,里面的类容比较繁杂,手动更新太麻烦了,所以想到以脚本实现。
1. perl 写成的源代码如下:
#!/usr/bin/perl
#==============================================================================#
#-------------------------------help-info-start--------------------------------#
=head1 Name
getBackgroundXML.pl --> generate the background.xml file to change Ubuntu background picture dynamiclly
=head1 Usage
perl getBackgroundXML.pl [<options>] [-d PicDir='.'] [-t TimeToLast=1795.0] [-i Interval=5.0] [-o Background.xml=STDOUT]
-help print this help to screen
-a flag ,if set ,write all pictures to one xml file
-d directory contains the jpgs, defalt : '.'
-t time to change background picture, unit : seconds, default : 1795.0
-i interval time spend to change the two pictures, default : 5.0
-o write result to a file , default : STDOUT
=head1 Example
perl getBackgroundXML.pl -d Windows7 -t 25 -i 5 -o Windows7.xml
perl getBackgroundXML.pl --
=head1 Version
Verion : 2.0
Created : 08/18/2010 03:34:52 PM
Updated : 08/18/2010 09:51:11 PM
LastMod : ---
=head1 Contact
Author : QuNengrong (Qunero)
E-mail : [email protected],[email protected]
Company : BGI
=cut
#-------------------------------help-info-end--------------------------------#
#============================================================================#
use strict;
use warnings;
use Getopt::Long;
my ($Need_help, $Out_file, $PicDir, $TimeToLast, $Interval, $AllInOne );
GetOptions(
"help" => \$Need_help,
"a" => \$AllInOne,
"d=s" => \$PicDir,
"t=i" => \$TimeToLast,
"i=i" => \$Interval,
"o=s" => \$Out_file,
);
die `pod2text $0` if ($Need_help);
#============================================================================#
# Global Variable #
#============================================================================#
my $Input_file = $ARGV[0] if (exists $ARGV[0]);
$PicDir ||= '.';
$TimeToLast ||= 1795.0;
$Interval ||= 5.0;
$PicDir =~ s/\/$//;
$PicDir =~ s/ /\\ /g; # replace SPACE to \SPACE ;
#print STDERR "$0 -d $PicDir -t $TimeToLast \n";
#============================================================================#
# Main process #
#============================================================================#
if(defined $Input_file)
{ open(STDIN, '<', $Input_file) or die $!; }
if(defined $Out_file)
{ open(STDOUT, '>', $Out_file) or die $!; }
print STDERR "---Program\t$0\tstarts--> ".localtime()."\n";
# step 01: getBackgroundXML
&getBackgroundXML();
print STDERR "---Program\t$0\t ends--> ".localtime()."\n";
#============================================================================#
# Subroutines #
#============================================================================#
sub getBackgroundXML(){
# my @picFiles = `ls $PicDir |grep .jpg`; # it's better than glob , in case $PicDir is ~/subDir
my @picFiles ;
if( $AllInOne ){
# @picFiles = glob ( "$PicDir/*/*.jpg" );
@picFiles = `find $PicDir/ -name "*\.jpg"`;
}
else {
@picFiles = glob ( "$PicDir/*.jpg" );
}
# print STDERR "test files:\n\t", join( "\t", @picFiles );
chomp( @picFiles );
if( $PicDir =~ /^\// ){
for( @picFiles ){
# $_ = "$PicDir/$_"; # already full path;
$_ =~ s/ /\\ /g;
}
}
else { # path start with ./ OR ../ OR subDir/
my $curDir = `pwd`;
chomp( $curDir );
for( @picFiles ){
$_ = "$curDir/$_";
$_ =~ s/ /\\ /g;
$_ =~ s/\/\.\//\//g; # change /./ to /
$_ =~ s/\/[^\/]+\/\.\.\//\//; # change path/dir/../anotherDir/ to path/anotherDir/
}
}
# print STDERR join( "\n", @picFiles );
my $oldjpg = $picFiles[-1];
print STDOUT
"<background>
<starttime>
<year>2010</year>
<month>08</month>
<day>18</day>
<hour>00</hour>
<minute>00</minute>
<second>00</second>
</starttime>
<!-- This animation will start now. -->\n";
for ( @picFiles ){
printf STDOUT
" <static>
<duration>%.1f</duration>
<file>$oldjpg</file>
</static>
<transition>
<duration>%.1f</duration>
<from>$oldjpg</from>
<to>$_</to>
</transition>\n", $TimeToLast, $Interval ;
$oldjpg = $_;
}
print "</background>\n";
}
脚本使用简单说明:
1. 运行时最好使用完整路径,指明 图片所在的目录, 例如:
getBackgroundXML.pl -d pathtowallpaper/Windows7/ -o Windows7/background.xml
2. 默认 图片文件路径为当前目录 ,文件类型为 jpg, 默认输出结果到终端,保存需加上 -o filename;
3. 设置好后的应用方法:右键桌面->更改桌面背景->添加,在弹出对话框的右下方那里选择“全部文件”(默认是“图像”),然后找到你定义好的动态桌面壁纸的xml文件,双击添加就可以了。
4. 感兴趣的实验 :
1)加入可选参数 -t 指定切换时间,默认半小时左右。
2)优化代码,让其可移植性更好~~
5. 附件可以去ubuntu论坛下载,以及几张漂亮的window7图片 ,background.xml 需要根据你的路径修改后在使用~~,祝大家玩得开心、用得顺手!
附件和源码下载,请见ubuntu 论坛:
http://forum.ubuntu.org.cn/viewtopic.php?f=21&t=289599