oracle exp 命令的一些用法

获取exp 帮助
exp help=y


EXP username/password:

      Example: EXP SCOTT/TIGER

EXP KEYWORD=value or KEYWORD=(value1,value2,...,valueN)

     Example: EXP SCOTT/TIGER GRANTS=Y TABLES=(EMP,DEPT,MGR)
               or TABLES=(T1:P1,T1:P2), if T1 is partitioned table

USERID must be the first parameter on the command line.

Keyword    Description (Default)  
---------------------------------------------
USERID     username/password        
FULL         export entire file (N)
BUFFER     size of data buffer      
OWNER        list of owner usernames
FILE       output files (EXPDAT.DMP)
TABLES       list of table names
COMPRESS   import into one extent (Y)
RECORDLENGTH length of IO record
GRANTS     export grants (Y)        
INCTYPE      incremental export type
INDEXES    export indexes (Y)       
RECORD       track incr. export (Y)
DIRECT     direct path (N)          
TRIGGERS     export triggers (Y)
LOG        log file of screen output
STATISTICS   analyze objects (ESTIMATE)
ROWS       export data rows (Y)     
PARFILE      parameter filename
CONSISTENT cross-table consistency(N)
CONSTRAINTS  export constraints (Y)
OBJECT_CONSISTENT    transaction set to read only during object export (N)
FEEDBACK             display progress every x rows (0)
FILESIZE             maximum size of each dump file
FLASHBACK_SCN        SCN used to set session snapshot back to
FLASHBACK_TIME       time used to get the SCN closest to the specified time
QUERY                select clause used to export a subset of a table
RESUMABLE            suspend when a space related error is encountered(N)
RESUMABLE_NAME       text string used to identify resumable statement
RESUMABLE_TIMEOUT    wait time for RESUMABLE
TTS_FULL_CHECK       perform. full or partial dependency check for TTS
VOLSIZE              number of bytes to write to each tape volume
TABLESPACES          list of tablespaces to export
TRANSPORT_TABLESPACE export transportable tablespace metadata (N)
TEMPLATE             template name which invokes iAS mode export

  Example:

  1. 将数据库中system用户与sys用户的表导出
expsystem/manager@TESTfile=d:\daochu.dmp wner=(system,sys)


  2 导出一个完整数据库
    exp system/manager file=bible_db log=dible_db full=y
  
  3. 导出数据库定义而不导出数据
    exp system/manager file=bible_db log=dible_db full=y rows=n
  
  4. 导出一个或一组指定用户所属的全部表、索引和其他对象
    exp system/manager file=seapark log=seapark wner=seapark
    exp system/manager file=seapark log=seapark wner=(seapark,amy,amyc,harold)
  注意:在导出用户时,尽管已经得到了这个用户的所有对象,但是还是不能得到这些对象引用的任何同义词。解决方法是用以下的SQL*Plus命令创建一个脚本文件,运行这个脚本文件可以获得一个重建seapark所属对象的全部公共同义词的可执行脚本,然后在目标数据库上运行该脚本就可重建同义词了。
  
    SET LINESIZE 132
    SET PAGESIZE 0
    SET TRIMSPOOL ON
    SPOOL c:\seapark.syn
    SELECT 'Create public synonym '||synonym_name
    ||' for '||table_owner||'.'||table_name||';'
    FROM dba_synonyms
    WHERE table_owner = 'SEAPARK' AND wner = 'PUBLIC';
    SPOOL OFF
  
  5. 导出一个或多个指定表
    exp seapark/seapark file=tank log=tank tables=tank
    exp system/manager file=tank log=tank tables=seapark.tank
    exp system/manager file=tank log=tank tables=(seapark.tank,amy.artist)
  
  6. 估计导出文件的大小
  全部表总字节数:
  SELECT sum(bytes)
  FROM dba_segments
  WHERE segment_type = 'TABLE';
  
  seapark用户所属表的总字节数:
  SELECT sum(bytes)
  FROM dba_segments
  WHERE wner = 'SEAPARK'
  AND segment_type = 'TABLE';
  
  seapark用户下的aquatic_animal表的字节数:
  SELECT sum(bytes)
  FROM dba_segments
  WHERE wner = 'SEAPARK'
  AND segment_type = 'TABLE'
  AND segment_name = 'AQUATIC_ANIMAL';
  
  7. 导出表数据的子集(oracle8i以上)
  NT系统:
  
  exp system/manager query='Where salad_type='FRUIT'' tables=amy.salad_type
    file=fruit log=fruit
  UNIX系统:
  
  exp system/manager query=\"Where salad_type=\'FRUIT\'\" tables=amy.salad_type
    file=fruit log=fruit
  
  8. 用多个文件分割一个导出文件
    exp system/manager
    file=(paycheck_1,paycheck_2,paycheck_3,paycheck_4)
    log=paycheck, filesize=1G tables=hr.paycheck
  
  9. 使用参数文件
    exp system/manager parfile=bible_tables.par
  bible_tables.par参数文件:
  
    #Export the sample tables used for the Oracle8i Database Administrator's Bible.
    file=bible_tables
    log=bible_tables
    tables=(
    amy.artist
    amy.books
    seapark.checkup
    seapark.items
    )
  
  10. 增量导出
  “完全”增量导出(complete),即备份整个数据库
  exp system/manager inctype=complete file=990702.dmp
  “增量型”增量导出(incremental),即备份上一次备份后改变的数据
  exp system/manager inctype=incremental file=990702.dmp
  “累计型”增量导出(cumulative),即备份上一次“完全”导出之后改变的数据
  exp system/manager inctype=cumulative file=990702.dmp

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