一、Hive将元数据存储在RDBMS中,有三种模式可以连接到数据:
1、single User Mode:此模式连接到一个In-memory的数据库Derby,一般用于Unit Test。
2、Multi User Mode:通过网络连接到一个数据库中,是最经常使用到的模式。
3、Remote Server Mode:用于非Java客户端访问元数据库,在服务器端启动一个MetaStoreServer,客户端利用Thrift协议通过MetaStoreServer访问元数据库。
二、暂略
三、暂略
四、MySQL做元数据库模式
1、解压hive的压缩包
2、把mysql-connector-java-5.1.10-bin.jar包复制到hive的lib目录下
[hadoop@node3 lib]$ ll mysql-connector-java-5.1.10-bin.jar -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 724225 Sep 17 17:03 mysql-connector-java-5.1.10-bin.jar [hadoop@node3 lib]$ pwd /app/hive/lib
3、配置hive
----将hive-default.xml.template拷贝成hive-site.xml ----修改hive-site.xml文件 ----添加、修改如下信息: ----Mysql连接 <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name> <value>jdbc:mysql://192.168.1.152:3306/jack?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value> <description>JDBC connect string for a JDBC metastore</description> </property> ----Mysql连接驱动: <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name> <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value> <description>Driver class name for a JDBC metastore</description> </property> ----登陆Mysql的用户名: <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name> <value>jack</value> <description>username to use against metastore database</description> </property> ----登陆Mysql的用户jack的密码: <property> <name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name> <value>jack</value> <description>password to use against metastore database</description> </property> ----指定本地登陆mysql还是远程:(我这里是远程) <property> <name>hive.metastore.local</name> <value>false</value> <description>controls whether to connect to remove metastore server or open a new metastore server in Hive Client JVM</description> </property> ----Hive表数据存放目录,自带默认值: <property> <name>hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</name> <value>/user/hive/warehouse</value> <description>location of default database for the warehouse</description> </property> ----Hive临时文件存放目录,使用默认值即可: <property> <name>hive.exec.scratchdir</name> <value>/tmp/hive-${user.name}</value> <description>Scratch space for Hive jobs</description> </property>
4、安装配置mysql并且创建jack的用户和数据库
5、最后对hive进行测试
五、hive的元数据存储在mysql后,报错的解决方法
当在hive中drop table 时如果报以下错时 FAILED: Error in metadata: javax.jdo.JDODataStoreException: Error(s) were found while auto-creating/validating the datastore for classes. The errors are printed in the log, and are attached to this exception. NestedThrowables: com.mysql.jdbc.exceptions.jdbc4.MySQLSyntaxErrorException: Specified key was too long; max key length is 767 bytes FAILED: Execution Error, return code 1 from org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.exec.DDLTask
解决的方法是到mysql中的hive数据库里执行 alter database hive character set latin1;改变Hive元数据库的字符集。